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Church of All Saints, Moscow

1689 establishments in RussiaChurches completed in 1689Churches in MoscowCultural heritage monuments of federal significance in MoscowEastern Orthodox church buildings in Russia
Greek Orthodox Church of AlexandriaGreek diaspora in RussiaInclined towersTowers completed in 1689
Church of All Saints in Kulishki
Church of All Saints in Kulishki

Church of All Saints na Kulichkakh (Russian: Церковь Всех Святых на Кулишках) is one of the oldest churches in Moscow, located at 2 Slavyanskaya Square. A notable feature of the church is its leaning bell-tower. The first wooden church at this place was built by Dmitry Donskoy most likely in 1380 after the Battle of Kulikovo. In the 14th century, the place chosen for the church was far away from the border of Moscow and the word kulichki became a synonym for at the world's end or in the middle of nowhere, but now it is at the historical center of Moscow. The church was completely rebuilt in stone in 1488 and again in the Muscovite Baroque style in 1687-89. In 1930 the church was closed and used in 1930s by NKVD as the place of mass executions. In 1975 the building was transferred to the Museum of History of Moscow and in 1991 was returned the Russian Orthodox Church. In 1994 here was placed the cross in the memory of victims of repressions. In 1998 the metochion of the Eastern Orthodox Church of Alexandria was moved from Odessa to Moscow and was placed in the Church of All Saints.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Church of All Saints, Moscow (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Church of All Saints, Moscow
Славянская площадь, Moscow Tagansky District

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N 55.753333333333 ° E 37.635 °
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Славянская площадь 4 с1
109074 Moscow, Tagansky District
Moscow, Russia
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Church of All Saints in Kulishki
Church of All Saints in Kulishki
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Battle of Moscow
Battle of Moscow

The Battle of Moscow was a military campaign that consisted of two periods of strategically significant fighting on a 600 km (370 mi) sector of the Eastern Front during World War II. It took place between September 1941 and January 1942. The Soviet defensive effort frustrated Hitler's attack on Moscow, the capital and largest city of the Soviet Union. Moscow was one of the primary military and political objectives for Axis forces in their invasion of the Soviet Union. The German Strategic Offensive, named Operation Typhoon, called for two pincer offensives, one to the north of Moscow against the Kalinin Front by the 3rd and 4th Panzer Armies, simultaneously severing the Moscow–Leningrad railway, and another to the south of Moscow Oblast against the Western Front south of Tula, by the 2nd Panzer Army, while the 4th Army advanced directly towards Moscow from the west. Initially, the Soviet forces conducted a strategic defence of the Moscow Oblast by constructing three defensive belts, deploying newly raised reserve armies, and bringing troops from the Siberian and Far Eastern Military Districts. As the German offensives were halted, a Soviet strategic counter-offensive and smaller-scale offensive operations forced the German armies back to the positions around the cities of Oryol, Vyazma and Vitebsk, and nearly surrounded three German armies. It was a major setback for the Germans, and the end of their belief in a swift German victory over the USSR. As a result of the failed offensive, Field Marshal Walther von Brauchitsch was dismissed as supreme commander of the German Army, with Hitler replacing him in the position.