Moscow Orphanage

The Battle of Moscow was a military campaign that consisted of two periods of strategically significant fighting on a 600 km (370 mi) sector of the Eastern Front during World War II. It took place between September 1941 and January 1942. The Soviet defensive effort frustrated Hitler's attack on Moscow, the capital and largest city of the Soviet Union. Moscow was one of the primary military and political objectives for Axis forces in their invasion of the Soviet Union. The German Strategic Offensive, named Operation Typhoon, called for two pincer offensives, one to the north of Moscow against the Kalinin Front by the 3rd and 4th Panzer Armies, simultaneously severing the Moscow–Leningrad railway, and another to the south of Moscow Oblast against the Western Front south of Tula, by the 2nd Panzer Army, while the 4th Army advanced directly towards Moscow from the west. Initially, the Soviet forces conducted a strategic defence of the Moscow Oblast by constructing three defensive belts, deploying newly raised reserve armies, and bringing troops from the Siberian and Far Eastern Military Districts. As the German offensives were halted, a Soviet strategic counter-offensive and smaller-scale offensive operations forced the German armies back to the positions around the cities of Oryol, Vyazma and Vitebsk, and nearly surrounded three German armies. It was a major setback for the Germans, and the end of their belief in a swift German victory over the USSR. As a result of the failed offensive, Field Marshal Walther von Brauchitsch was dismissed as supreme commander of the German Army, with Hitler replacing him in the position.

Bolshoy Ustinsky Bridge (Russian: Большой Устьинский мост) is a steel arch bridge that spans Moskva River near the mouth of Yauza River, connecting the Boulevard Ring with Zamoskvorechye district in Moscow, Russia. It was completed in May 1938 by V.M.Vakhurkin (structural engineering), G.P.Golts and D.M.Sobolev (architectural design).It is surrounded by three lesser bridges, two across Yauza and one across Vodootvodny Canal: Maly Ustinsky Bridge, Astakhovsky (Yauzsky) Bridge, Komissariatsky Bridge, also described on this page.

The State Courier Service of the Russian Federation (Russian: Государственная фельдъегерская служба Российской Федерации, ГФС, romanized: Gosudarstvennaya fel'dyegerskaya sluzhba Rossiyskoy Federatsii, GFS) is a federal body of executive authority responsible for federal courier communications Russia. The current director is Valery Tikhonov, who was appointed by Vladimir Putin on June 26, 2012. Previously, he was the vice governor of Saint Petersburg since 2004.

Church of All Saints na Kulichkakh (Russian: Церковь Всех Святых на Кулишках) is one of the oldest churches in Moscow, located at 2 Slavyanskaya Square. A notable feature of the church is its leaning bell-tower. The first wooden church at this place was built by Dmitry Donskoy most likely in 1380 after the Battle of Kulikovo. In the 14th century, the place chosen for the church was far away from the border of Moscow and the word kulichki became a synonym for at the world's end or in the middle of nowhere, but now it is at the historical center of Moscow. The church was completely rebuilt in stone in 1488 and again in the Muscovite Baroque style in 1687-89. In 1930 the church was closed and used in 1930s by NKVD as the place of mass executions. In 1975 the building was transferred to the Museum of History of Moscow and in 1991 was returned the Russian Orthodox Church. In 1994 here was placed the cross in the memory of victims of repressions. In 1998 the metochion of the Eastern Orthodox Church of Alexandria was moved from Odessa to Moscow and was placed in the Church of All Saints.

The Yauza (Russian: Я́уза) is a river in Moscow and Mytishchi, Russia, a tributary of the Moskva. It originates in the Losiny Ostrov National Park northeast of Moscow, flows through Mytishchi, enters Moscow in the Medvedkovo District and flows through the city in an irregular, meandering, generally north-south direction. The Yauza joins the Moskva River in Tagansky District just west of Tagansky Hill, now marked by the Kotelnicheskaya Embankment tower. Valleys of the Yauza, from the MKAD beltway in the north to the Moscow-Yaroslavl railway west of Sokolniki Park, are protected as natural reserves.The Yauza has been mentioned in Russian chronicles since 1156; the exact origin of the name is unknown. Moscow crossed its former natural eastern boundary (marked by the Yauza) in the beginning of the 16th century. The banks of the Yauza within the Garden Ring were densely urbanized by the middle of the 17th century; upstream valleys housed suburban residences of the House of Romanov, from Mikhail to Catherine II. Settlements along the Yauza (German Quarter, Lefortovo, Preobrazhenskoye) played a significant role in the history of Russia in the 17th and 18th centuries. Industrialization in the 19th and 20th centuries made the Yauza "the biggest gutter for waste in Moscow". In the 2000s the ecology improved, with the closing or conversion of old factories and cleanup efforts by the city government. In 2007 the Yauza waters were reclassified from "dirty" to "polluted" status, but in 2008 the trend reversed and pollution in the Yauza exceeded its 2006 levels. As of 2008, Yauza water passing the Moscow city boundary is rated as "polluted", and reaches a "very dirty" level at its inlet. Untreated surface runoff in the Central Administrative District remains the main source of pollution.

Moskvoretskaya Embankment (Russian: Москворецкая Набережная) is a major street, located in the Kitay-Gorod administrative district in central Moscow, running along the Moskva River. It stretches from Kremlin Embankment, near Red Square in the west, until the mouth of Yauza River in the east. The avenue ends close to one of Joseph Stalin's Seven Sisters building on the Kotelnicheskaya Embankment. Nearly a kilometer long, until recently the embankment housed only two structures - Rossiya Hotel (demolished 2006-2007), and the historical Moscow Orphanage.

Federal Service for Surveillance in Healthcare (Roszdravnadzor) (Russian: Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере здравоохранения (Росздравнадзор)) is the federal service of the Russian Federation that exercises control and supervision functions in the field of health care. Until 2012, it was called the Federal Service for Surveillance of Health and Social Development and was subordinate to the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation, then from 2012 to 2020 it was shifted to reporting directly to the Government of the Russian Federation, and from 2020 again made subordinate to the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.Along with the Federal Antimonopoly Service, it is one of the two federal supervisory agencies that does not have its own official uniform.

Slavyanskaya Square (Russian: Славянская площадь) is a square in central Moscow, also known in 1924-1991 as northern side of Nogina Square (Площадь Ногина); the southern side of former Nogina Square is now called Varvarka Gates Square (Площадь Варварских Ворот). These two square separates central Kitai-gorod from eastward Tagansky District. They connect to Varvarka Street (west), Solyanka Street (east), Kitaigorodsky Lane (south), Staraya Square and Lubyansky Lane (north), completing the half-circle of Central Squares of Moscow around Moscow Kremlin and Kitai-gorod.

The Moscow Choral Synagogue (Russian: Московская Хopaльнaя Cинaгoга, Moskovskaya Khoralnaya Sinagoga; Hebrew: בית כנסת הכוראלי של מוסקבה) is one of the main synagogues in Russia and in the former Soviet Union. It is located in central Basmanny District at 10 Bolshoy Spasogolinischevsky Lane, close to Kitai-Gorod Metro station. Chief Rabbi Adolf Shayevich is its spiritual head.

Ivanovsky Convent (Ивановский монастырь) is a large stauropegic Russian Orthodox convent in central Moscow, inside the Boulevard Ring, to the west of Kitai-gorod, in the district formerly known as Kulishki. It is the main shrine of St. John the Baptist in the Russian capital. The monastery was first documented in 1604 and long served as a prison for ladies of royal and noble blood. Among the famous nuns were Dosiphea, alleged to be the same person as Princess Tarakanova, and the serial killer Darya Saltykova. In the 1730s, there were rumors that many nuns took part in khlysty rituals; the mother superior was found guilty and sentenced to die.The 1812 Fire of Moscow reduced the monastery to ashes. The nunnery was closed down and the grounds stood empty until the 1860s, when Mikhail Bykovsky designed a new monastery compound. The domed katholikon, loosely based on Brunelleschi's works, is connected by covered passageways to other buildings. The grounds are thus divided into four lots.After the Russian Revolution the nunnery was disbanded and was not revived until 2002. The buildings have served a variety of purposes; some are still occupied by the Moscow Oblast archives and a police high school.

School 518 is a high school in the historical Balchug area of Moscow, Russia. Designed by Ivan Zvezdin and completed in 1935, it is the only listed postconstructivist memorial building in the city. It was reconstructed between 1999 and 2003 to meet modern safety standards and Zvezdin's original design, both externally and internally.

The Embassy of Australia in Moscow is the diplomatic mission of Australia to the Russian Federation. The current head of post and Ambassador of Australia to the Russian Federation is Graeme Meehan. The embassy serves as the diplomatic mission for Australia to the Russian Federation, Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. The chancery is located at 10A/2 Podkolokolny Lane (Russian: Подколокольный переулок, д. 10А/2) in the Tagansky District of Moscow.Australia opened diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union in 1942. Between 1942 and the present day, the embassy has undergone numerous changes to both location and function as a result of changing relations between the two nations. These include changes to the status of the embassy – from unofficial diplomatic mission to consulate and finally embassy, changes to the nations the embassy is responsible for servicing, and specific events in the Australia-Russia relationship that have modified the operation of the embassy, the most notable of which being the Petrov Affair which culminated in the expulsion of the embassy and the cessation of official diplomatic relations between Australia and the Soviet Union in 1954.