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Otis Bridge

Asian bridge (structure) stubsBridges completed in 1968Bridges in ManilaBuildings and structures in Paco, ManilaGirder bridges
Philippine building and structure stubs
Otis District (Paco Pandacan; 07 08 2023) E911a 27
Otis District (Paco Pandacan; 07 08 2023) E911a 27

The Otis Bridge is a six-lane girder bridge crossing the Estero de Concordia, a tributary of the Pasig River, in Manila, the Philippines. Built in 1968 and carrying Paz Mendoza Guazon Street, formerly known as Otis Street (named after the American Governor-General Elwell Stephen Otis), the bridge is a major artery for commercial vehicles carrying cargo from the Port of Manila, with some 10,000 trucks crossing the bridge daily.In 2015, the bridge was slated for replacement or reconstruction as it neared the end of its 50-year service life, with ₱37,000,000 initially being allocated for construction work by the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH). However, on June 26, 2018, the bridge was ordered closed by the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority (MMDA) on the advice of the Manila Disaster risk reduction Management Council, after media reports showed that 20-foot (6.1 m) long cracks started appearing along the center island, caused by the number of overloaded trucks that used the bridge, as well as construction work on the nearby Concordia Bridge which prevented its timely replacement.The bridge was reopened on December 4, 2018, three months ahead of the March 2019 target date, with ₱217,000,000 being allocated from the national budget for its replacement. Construction took place 24/7 in phases until the project was completed.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Otis Bridge (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Otis Bridge
Paz Mendoza Guazon Street, Manila Paco (Fifth District)

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Latitude Longitude
N 14.586777777778 ° E 120.99491666667 °
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Otis Bridge

Paz Mendoza Guazon Street
1007 Manila, Paco (Fifth District)
Philippines
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Otis District (Paco Pandacan; 07 08 2023) E911a 27
Otis District (Paco Pandacan; 07 08 2023) E911a 27
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Battle of Manila (1898)
Battle of Manila (1898)

The Battle of Manila (Filipino: Labanan sa Maynila; Spanish: Batalla de Manila), sometimes called the Mock Battle of Manila, was a land engagement which took place in Manila on August 13, 1898, at the end of the Spanish–American War, four months after the decisive victory by Commodore Dewey's Asiatic Squadron at the Battle of Manila Bay. The belligerents were Spanish forces led by Governor-General of the Philippines Fermín Jáudenes, and American forces led by United States Army Major General Wesley Merritt and United States Navy Commodore George Dewey. American forces were supported by units of the Philippine Revolutionary Army, led by Emilio Aguinaldo. The battle that took place in Manila during the Philippine-Spanish War is commonly referred to as the "Mock battle of Manila". This unique and covert operation was meticulously planned by the local commanders of the Spanish and American forces, who were legally at war with each other. Their clandestine collaboration aimed to orchestrate a simulated battle that would facilitate the transfer of control over the city center from the Spanish to the Americans, all while ensuring that the Philippine Revolutionary Army would be kept at bay. The underlying motivations for this meticulously coordinated sham battle were multi-faceted, encompassing both racist and political elements. Spain, being a predominantly white nation, sought to avoid perceived humiliation on the international stage by losing to the predominantly nonwhite indigenous Austronesians, Negritos, Malay Filipinos, and mestizos of Hispanic and Chinese descent who comprised the Filipino forces. By preventing the Filipino forces from achieving victory at this crucial juncture, Spain hoped to maintain its image and reputation. Consequently, the outcome of this strategic maneuver left the American forces in control of Intramuros, the heart of Manila, while being encircled by Philippine revolutionary forces. As a result of the battle, American forces gained control of Intramuros, the center of Manila, while being surrounded by Philippine revolutionary forces. This event set the stage for the Battle of Manila in 1899 and marked the beginning of the Philippine–American War.

Malacañang Palace
Malacañang Palace

Malacañang Palace (Filipino: Palasyo ng Malakanyang, locally [paˈlɐ̞ʃo näŋ maläkɐˈɲäŋ]; Spanish: Palacio de Malacañán), officially known as Malacañan Palace, is the official residence and principal workplace of the president of the Philippines. It is located in the Manila district of San Miguel, along Jose P. Laurel Street though it is commonly associated with Mendiola Street nearby. The term Malacañang is often used as a metonym for the president, their advisers, and the Office of the President of the Philippines. The sprawling Malacañang Palace complex includes numerous mansions and office buildings designed and built largely in the bahay na bato and neoclassical styles. Among the presidents of the present Fifth Republic, only Gloria Macapagal Arroyo actually lived in the main palace as both her office and her residence, with all others residing in nearby properties that form part of the larger palace complex. The palace has been seized several times as a result of protests starting with the People Power Revolution of 1986, the 1989 coup attempt (when the palace was buzzed by T-28 Trojans), the 2001 Manila riots, and the EDSA III riots. The original structure was built in 1750 by Don Luis José Rocha Camiña, a physician and Spaniard in the galleon trade, who built it as a summer house with his wife, Gregoria Tuason de Zaballa, daughter of Don Antonio Tuason & Doña Justa de Zaballa. It is located in San Miguel, along the Pasig River. The Rocha property was built of stone and described as being a relatively modest country house (although modern-day Rochas say it was not small and in fact had a ballroom) with a bath house on the river and gardens, all enclosed by a stone fence. The latter was probably a nipa-roofed and bamboo-enclosed structure built on the water, away from the gaze of passing boats. It was easily accessible from Intramuros and Binondo by boat, carriage, or horseback. Malacañan was purchased by the state in 1825 as the summer residence for the Spanish governor-general upon Colonel José Miguel Formento's death.Following an earthquake on June 3, 1863, which destroyed the governor-general's official residence, the Palacio del Gobernador in the walled city of Intramuros, Malacañan became the official seat of power of Spanish colonial rule. The use of the palace as the official state residence of colonial rulers was continued after sovereignty over the islands was ceded to the United States in 1898. General Wesley Merritt was the first American governor to make use of the estate as his residence.Since 1863, the palace has been occupied by eighteen Spanish governors-general, fourteen American military and civil governors, and later the presidents of the Philippines. The palace had been enlarged and refurbished several times since 1750; the grounds were expanded to include neighboring estates, and many buildings were demolished and constructed during the Spanish and American periods. Its posts were strengthened, roof tiles replaced with corrugated iron sheets, balconies repaired, and both the exterior and interior were beautified. More recently, between 1978 and 1979, the palace building was drastically remodeled and extensively rebuilt by First Lady Imelda Marcos during the tenure of Ferdinand Marcos. Malacañang was the only major government building in Manila to survive heavy artillery bombing during the Second World War. The palace continues to be the centerpiece of the upscale district of San Miguel, spared by the war.