Museo Nacional de Historia

Chapultepec Castle (Spanish: Castillo de Chapultepec) is located on top of Chapultepec Hill in Mexico City's Chapultepec park. The name Chapultepec is the Nahuatl word chapoltepēc which means "on the hill of the grasshopper". The castle has such unparalleled views and terraces that explorer James F. Elton wrote they “can't be surpassed in beauty in any part of the world." It is located at the entrance to Chapultepec Park at a height of 2,325 meters above sea level. The site of the hill was a sacred place for Aztecs, and the buildings atop it have served several purposes during its history, including that of Military Academy, Imperial residence, Presidential residence, observatory, and since the 1940s, the National Museum of History. Chapultepec Castle, along with Iturbide Palace, also in Mexico City, are the only royal palaces in North America. It was built during the Viceroyalty as a summer house for the highest colonial administrator, the viceroy. It was given various uses, from the gunpowder warehouse to the military academy in 1841. It became the official residence of Emperor Maximilian I and his consort Empress Carlota during the Second Mexican Empire (1864–67). In 1882, President Manuel González declared it the official residence of the President. With few exceptions, all succeeding presidents lived there until 1939, when President Lázaro Cárdenas turned it into a museum.

The Battle of Chapultepec was a battle between American forces and Mexican forces holding the strategically located Chapultepec Castle just outside Mexico City, fought 13 September 1847 during the Mexican–American War. The building, sitting atop a 200-foot (61 m) hill, was an important position for the defense of the city. The battle was part of the campaign to take Mexico City, for which General Winfield Scott's U.S. Army totaled 7,200 men. General Antonio López de Santa Anna, known for vicious attacks against Native Mexican American tribes, had formed an army of approximately 25,000 men. Mexican forces, including military cadets of the Military Academy, defended the position at Chapultepec against 2,000 U.S. forces. The Mexicans' loss opened the way for the Americans to take the center of Mexico City. In Mexican history, the battle is cast as the story of the brave deaths of six cadets, the Niños Héroes, who leapt to their deaths rather than be taken captive, with one wrapping himself in the Mexican flag. American sources also feature many depictions of the battle from the American point of view. Although it lasted only about 60–90 minutes, the battle has great importance in the histories of both countries.

The 1475 Tenochtitlan earthquake (9 Cane of the Aztec calendar) was an earthquake that occurred in Ancient Mexico-Tenochtitlan (current Mexico City), during the reign of Tlatoani Axayacatl. Because it happened during Pre-Hispanic times, little is known about this earthquake, but it is considered to be perhaps the most significant of those dates. The only record appears in the Aubin Codex, and thanks to Spanish franciscan friar Juan de Torquemada who reported in his book, Monarquia Indiana according to the codex, that the earthquake "Was so strong that not only did many houses fall, but the mountains and mountains in many places they crumbled and fell apart". The Mexicas considered the earthquake as the prophecy of the end of their Empire.

The Obelisco a los Niños Héroes is a monument installed in Chapultepec, Mexico City. The cenotaph was created in 1881 by architect Ramón Rodríguez Arangoity, one of the cadets captured in the Battle of Chapultepec. The marble cenotaph was a typical nineteenth-century monument. This one lists the names of the six cadets, the Niños Héroes, killed in the fierce fighting in the Mexican-American War as military cadets defended as well as the 40 who survived the attack. For his own political purposes, General Porfirio Díaz inaugurated the monument with a military and civilian audience of dignitaries. Subsequently, the obelisk became an annual site of remembrance for the Association of the Military College, a group of veterans who had been cadets. This modest-sized monument was superseded in 1952 by the massive Monumento a los Niños Héroes. The prisoners of the First Company were Captain Domingo Alvarado; Lieutenants José Espinosa, Agustín de la Peza; Cabo José T. de Cuellar; and Tambor Simón Álvarez; Cadets Francisco Molina, Mariano Covarrubias, Bartolomé Díaz León, Ignacio Molina, Antonio Sierra, Justino García, Lorenzo Pérez Castro, Agustín Camarena, Ignacio Ortiz, Manuel Ramírez de Arellano, Carlos Bejarano, Isidro Hernández, Esteban Zamora, Santiago Hernández, Ignacio Burgoa Lagos and Ramón Rodríguez Arangoity. Prisoners of Second Company were Lieutenant Joaquín Argaez; Sargeant Teófilo Noris; Corneta Antonio Rodríguez; Cadet alumni Joaquín Moreno, Pablo Banuet, Ignacio Valle, Francisco Leso, Antonio Sola, Sebastián Trejo, Luis Delgado, Ruperto Pérez de León, Cástulo García, Feliciano Contreras, Francisco Morelos, Miguel Miramón, Gabino Montesdedca, Luciano Becerra, Adolfo Unda, Manuel Díaz, Francisco Morel, Vicente Herrera, Onofre Capelo, Magdaleno Yta and Emilio Laurent.

Tribuna Monumental, or the Monumento a las Águilas Caídas, is a monument in Chapultepec, Mexico City, commemorating Mexican army officers in Squadron 201, who fought on the Pacific front during World War II.

El Sargento is a Mexican cypress tree in Mexico City's park Chapultepec, planted by Nezahualcoyotl c. 1460. After living for approximately 500 years, the tree died in 1969, and its trunk stands today at around 50 feet tall.

Templanza Fountain (Spanish: Fuente de la Templanza) is a fountain in Chapultepec, Mexico City, Mexico.

The Monumento a los Niños Héroes ("Monument to the Boy Heroes"), officially Altar a la Patria ("Altar to the Homeland"), is a monument commemorating the Niños Héroes, installed in Chapultepec, Mexico City, Mexico.

The Museo del Caracol (lit. Snail Museum) is a Mexican history museum, at the bottom of the access ramp to the Castillo de Chapultepec in Mexico City. The “Snail Museum” is a spiral shaped building designed by the architect Pedro Ramirez Vazquez. The director is Patricia Torres Aguilar Ugarte. It is open from Tuesday to Thursday from 9:00 to 16:45.

The statue of Heydar Aliyev is a bronze sculpture of the third president of Azerbaijan, Heydar Aliyev, previously installed along Paseo de la Reforma, in Chapultepec, Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City. In the early 2010s, the embassy of Azerbaijan in Mexico donated two statues to the city: the first being the statue of Aliyev, installed on 22 August 2012 in Mexico-Azerbaijan Friendship Park in Chapultepec; the second, a woman mourning the Khojaly massacre, was placed in Tlaxcoaque Plaza, in the historic center of the city. According to Ilgar Mukhtarov, Azerbaijan Ambassador to Mexico, both statues were given to the country to show appreciation for being one of the first to recognize the independence of Azerbaijan.After its installation, the statue of Aliyev received protests from neighbors and human rights activists, who called it "disrespectful and insensitive" due to his controversial political background; the Azeri community, however, supported the installation. On 26 January 2013, the government of Mexico City removed the statue and returned it to the embassy. Since then, the location and status of the statue are not publicly known.

The statue of León Felipe is installed in Mexico City's Chapultepec park, in Mexico. The statue was created by Julián Martinez in 1973, and dedicated in 1974.

Santuario Parroquial de Nuestra Señora del Carmen "La Sabatina" is a church located in San Miguel Chapultepec, Mexico City. The first stone was laid in 1910, and the church was consecrated in 1912.