San Lorenzo Department

San Lorenzo (Spanish pronunciation: [san loˈɾenso]) is a city in the south of the Province of Santa Fe, Argentina, located 23 km north of Rosario, on the western shore of the Paraná River, and forming one end of the Greater Rosario metropolitan area. It is the head town of the San Lorenzo Department, and it has about 46,000 inhabitants according to the 2010 census [INDEC].

The San Carlos Convent is located in San Lorenzo, Santa Fe, in Argentina. The battle of San Lorenzo was fought next to it, and both the convent itself and the battlefield are National Historic Monuments of Argentina.

The Battle of San Lorenzo was fought on 3 February 1813 in San Lorenzo, Argentina, then part of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata. The royalist troops, were composed of militiamen recruited in Montevideo under the command of militia captain Antonio Zabala that was defeated by the Regiment of Mounted Grenadiers, under the command of José de San Martín. This battle was the baptism by fire for this military unit, and for San Martín in the Spanish American wars of independence. Montevideo, a royalist stronghold during the Argentine War of Independence, was under siege by José Gervasio Artigas. Those in the city raided population centres along the nearby rivers for supplies. San Martín, who shortly before had arrived in Buenos Aires and formed the regiment, followed the royalist ships to San Lorenzo. The area around San Lorenzo formed a large empty plain, so the regiment hid inside the San Carlos Convent during the night and San Martín studied the battlefield and the enemy ships from the tower. The battle started at dawn, when the grenadiers made a surprise pincer movement to trap the enemy forces. One column was led by San Martín, and the other by Justo Germán Bermúdez. San Martín fell from his horse, and was nearly killed, but Juan Bautista Cabral and Juan Bautista Baigorria intervened and saved him. The royalists were defeated, but continued to raid villages for some time afterwards. This battle was the only one that San Martín fought in the modern territory of Argentina. The city of San Lorenzo keeps historic memorials of the battle and it is referenced in the San Lorenzo march.

Fray Luis Beltrán is a small city in the province of Santa Fe, Argentina, located within the metropolitan area of Greater Rosario, north of the city of Rosario, on the western shore of the Paraná River. It had a population of about 15,000 inhabitants at the 2010 census [INDEC]. The town was founded in 1892 by Domingo Borghi. Its name is an homage to a friar of the San Carlos Monastery in nearby San Lorenzo, where the wounded of the rebel forces of General José de San Martín were tended after the Battle of San Lorenzo. Fray Luis Beltrán is divided into two parts by the National Route 11. There is a military battalion, a factory of weapons and military supplies (Fábrica Militar Fray Luis Beltrán [1]), and a chemical plant (Sulfacid S. A.).

Puerto General San Martín is a small city in the province of Santa Fe, Argentina, located within the metropolitan area of Greater Rosario, about 35 km (22 mi) north from the center of the city of Rosario, on the western shore of the Paraná River. It has a population of 13,243 inhabitants according to the 2010 census [INDEC]. The city is located on a natural port of excellent quality, with an abrupt ravine and great depth (dredged up to 34 feet (10 m) in 2006, it is the last deepwater, Panamax-capable port on the Paraná). The city is home to an industrial complex and a major commercial terminal for agricultural exports (cereals, vegetable oils, etc.), managing 50% of the Argentine exports of soybean. The industrial and agricultural development, secondary to the swift recovery from the Argentine economic crisis of the late 1990s, is however an important source of pollution.

Capitán Bermúdez is a city in the province of Santa Fe, Argentina, located within the metropolitan area of Greater Rosario, (north of Rosario, immediately north of Granadero Baigorria), on the western shore of the Paraná River. It had a population of about 29,000 inhabitants at the time of the 2010 census [INDEC]. In 1991, fragments of the Soviet Union's Salyut 7 space station showered the town after burning up on re-entry.

Granadero Baigorria is a city in the south of the province of Santa Fe, Argentina, located directly north of Rosario, on the western shore of the Paraná River, and forming part of the Greater Rosario metropolitan area. Its population is about 43,000 inhabitants (2015). Granadero Baigorria is named after Juan Bautista Baigorria, a cavalry soldier of the Mounted Grenadiers (Granaderos a Caballo) who fought for General José de San Martín in the battle of San Lorenzo on 3 February 1813, the first of the Argentine War of Independence.

Ibarlucea is a town (comuna) in the province of Santa Fe, Argentina. It has 4,402 inhabitants per the 2010 census [INDEC]. It is located on National Route 34, immediately north-west of Rosario, forming part of the Greater Rosario metropolitan area, and 155 km (96 mi) south of the provincial capital Santa Fe. The area was known as Kilómetro 409 around the end of the 19th century, since during 12 years, beginning in 1891, it was a settlement centered on a train station for the Rosario–Tucumán line of the Ferrocarril General Manuel Belgrano. The town proper was founded in 1903 by Rita Alcácer de Ybarlucea, who donated lands formerly owned by her deceased husband Melitón Ybarlucea (ibar luzea in Standard Basque means "the long valley") to be used for public offices, streets, a square, a church, etc. The town depended on a support commission based in Rosario, until the local communal institutions were created on 5 April 1915.

The Brigadier Estanislao López Highway (AP 01) is a highway in the Argentine province of Santa Fe, linking the provincial capital Santa Fe and the city of Rosario. It runs north–south for 157 km (91 mi), roughly parallel to National Route 11. Named in honor of the 19th century caudillo and governor, Estanislao López, the highway was initiated by the Provincial Highway Bureau office during the tenure of Governor Aldo Tessio, and was built between 1964 and 1972. Provincial Law Nº 10.798, signed by Governor Carlos Reutemann in 1993, privatized the highway's operations and maintenance, and redesignated it as a toll road under the management of AUFE.

Sarratea is a railway station located in the north of the city of Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina. Although no longer active, the station is currently managed by private company Nuevo Central Argentino, which operates the line for freight services.

Villa Hortensia is a mansion in the city of Rosario, province of Santa Fe, Argentina. It is located on 1917 Warnes St. in Barrio Alberdi, in the north-eastern part of Rosario. It was built in 1890 by architect Boyd Walker for José Nicolás Puccio, founder of Alberdi. It was then sold to Ciro Echesortu, and then in turn to Alfredo Rouillon, married to María Hortensia Echesortu (from whom the house got its name). The wealthy Rouillon family employed Villa Hortensia as a summer residence, taking advantage of its proximity to the Paraná River and its large, tree-shadowed gardens. Maintenance of the mansion was neglected until, in 1989, it was declared a National Historic Monument. At the time it was under a serious threat of being condemned. The Villa was acquired by the Municipality of Rosario on 30 May 1996 in order to transform it into an administrative center, as part of an official decentralisation plan. Villa Hortensia was restored, emphasizing the original plans and materials, and was re-opened as the first Municipal District Center on 13 October 1997. Villa Hortensia hosts a citizen assistance office, a delegation of the Municipal Bank of Rosario, and offices of the water, natural gas and power companies, where the neighbors of the North District can pay for these services, place requests, etc. The mansion also has a marriage office. This allows for citizens to carry out administrative business near their homes, instead of travelling downtown to the main municipal offices (a 40-minute bus ride). A survey conducted a month after the inauguration of Villa Hortensia found that the citizens of the North District used to travel an average of 8 km for administrative business before, a distance which has been reduced to only 1.5 km. Eighty percent of the citizens surveyed also consider the service in Villa Hortensia better than the one formerly provided in the downtown offices.

The Autódromo Municipal Juan Manuel Fangio is a motor sports racing circuit located in Rosario in the Santa Fe Province of Argentina. It has hosted national touring car races such as the Turismo Carretera, TC2000 and Top Race V6, as well as the World RX of Argentina in 2015 and 2016. The circuit is named after the fifth Formula One world champions, Juan Manuel Fangio (1911–1995).