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Aqua Appia

310s BC establishments312 BC4th century BC in ItalyAncient Roman aqueducts in RomeBuildings and structures completed in the 4th century BC
Aqua appia planlatium 2
Aqua appia planlatium 2

The Aqua Appia was the first Roman aqueduct, constructed in 312 BC by the co-censors Gaius Plautius Venox and Appius Claudius Caecus, the same Roman censor who also built the important Via Appia.The Appia fed the city of Rome with an estimated 73,000 cubic metres (2,600,000 cu ft) of water per day.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Aqua Appia (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Aqua Appia
Piazza di Santa Croce in Gerusalemme, Rome Municipio Roma I

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Latitude Longitude
N 41.889444444444 ° E 12.511111111111 °
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Aqua Neroniana

Piazza di Santa Croce in Gerusalemme
00182 Rome, Municipio Roma I
Lazio, Italy
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Aqua appia planlatium 2
Aqua appia planlatium 2
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Temple of Minerva Medica (nymphaeum)
Temple of Minerva Medica (nymphaeum)

The Temple of Minerva Medica is a ruined nymphaeum of Imperial Rome which dates to the 4th century. It is located between the Via Labicana and Aurelian Walls and just inside the line of the Anio Vetus. Once part of the Horti Liciniani on the Esquiline Hill, it now faces the modern Via Giolitti. It was once thought to be the temple to Minerva Medica ("Minerva the Doctor") mentioned by Cicero and other sources. The decagonal structure in opus latericium is relatively well preserved, though the full dome collapsed in 1828. It is surrounded on three sides with other chambers added at a later date. There is no mention of it in ancient literature or inscriptions. The structure represents a transition in Roman secular architecture between the octagonal dining room of the Domus Aurea and the dome of the Pantheon, and the architecture of nearby Byzantine churches. The diameter of the hall was about 24 meters, and the height was 33 meters — important from the structural point of view, especially for the ribs in the dome. In the interior, there are nine niches besides the entrance; and above these are ten corresponding round-arched windows. Both the interior and exterior walls were once covered with marble.In Flavio Biondo's 15th-century Roma Instaurata, these ruins are called Le Galluzze, a name of uncertain meaning that had been applied earlier to some ruins near the basilica of Santa Croce in Gerusalemme. Its misidentification as the Republican-era temple dates to the 17th century, based on the incorrect impression that the Athena Giustiniani had been found there.