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Malyshev Factory

1895 establishments in Ukraine1895 establishments in the Russian EmpireAgriculture companies of the Soviet UnionDefence companies of UkraineDefence companies of the Soviet Union
Diesel engine manufacturersEconomy of KharkivEngine manufacturers of the Soviet UnionGovernment-owned companies of UkraineLocomotive manufacturers of UkraineMalyshev FactoryManufacturing companies of the Soviet UnionSlobidskyi DistrictTanks of the Soviet UnionUkrainian brands
Malyshev Factory logo
Malyshev Factory logo

The Malyshev Factory (Ukrainian: Завод імені В.О. Малишева, romanized: Zavod imeni V.O. Malysheva; abbreviated ЗІМ, ZIM), formerly the Kharkov Locomotive Factory (Харьковский паровозостроительный завод, Khar'kovskiy parovozostroitel'nyy zavodХПЗ, KhPZ), is a state-owned manufacturer of heavy equipment in Kharkiv, Ukraine. It was named after the Soviet politician Vyacheslav Malyshev. The factory is part of the State Concern UkrOboronProm (Ukrainian Defense Industry). It produces diesel engines, farm machinery, coal mining, sugar refining, and wind farm equipment, but is best known for its production of Soviet tanks, including the BT tank series of fast tanks, the famous T-34 of the Second World War, the Cold War T-64 and T-80, and their modern Ukrainian successor, the T-84. The factory is closely associated with the Morozov Design Bureau (KMDB), designer of military armoured fighting vehicles and the Kharkov Engine Design Bureau (KEDB) for engines. During 1958 it constructed "Kharkovchanka", an off-road vehicle which reached the South Pole the following year. At its height during the Soviet era, the factory employed 60,000 of Kharkiv's 1.5 million inhabitants.As of 2015, 5,000 people worked at the factory.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Malyshev Factory (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Malyshev Factory
Plekhanivska Street, Kharkiv Балашовка

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Geographical coordinates (GPS)

Latitude Longitude
N 49.969722222222 ° E 36.280833333333 °
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Plekhanivska Street 126а/7
61037 Kharkiv, Балашовка
Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine
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Sportyvna (Kharkiv Metro)
Sportyvna (Kharkiv Metro)

The Sportyvna or Sportivnaya (Ukrainian: Спортивна, (listen); Russian: Спортивная) is a station on Kharkiv Metro's Kholodnohirsko–Zavodska Line. It was opened on 23 August 1975. It is located in the southwestern part of the city's center, beneath the Plechanivska Vulytsia and the Derzhavinska Vulytsia junction. The station received its name from the word sport, due to the neighbouring FC Metalist Kharkiv Stadium, the biggest in Kharkiv. During the planning stage the station was to be called Stadium. The station is lain shallow underground and is a single-vault design with a rounded ceiling. The ceiling is covered with 6,200 triangular, cement structures, each having a weight of about 100 kilograms. The lighting in the station comes from lamps hanging from the cement structures. The partitions the tracks have been held with is made of black natural stone and the floor has been paved with flags of polished red granite, into which zigzag patterns, made from light coloured stone, have been introduced near the end of the platform. Also, small black slates of marble from Uzbekistan line the railings of the stairs which lead into the station vestibule. In 1995, the Sportivnaya station became a transfer station to the Metrobudivnykiv on the Oleksiivska Line, with which it forms a complex. Stairs leading to the transfer tunnel are located in the center of the Sportyvna station platform. Located not far from the station is one of Kharkiv's largest markets and the №3 bus station, from which buses take directions around the city and to international directions, including the Kharkiv-Shebekino line.

Third Battle of Kharkov
Third Battle of Kharkov

The Third Battle of Kharkov was a series of battles on the Eastern Front of World War II, undertaken by Army Group South of Nazi Germany against the Soviet Red Army, around the city of Kharkov (today Kharkiv) between 19 February and 15 March 1943. Known to the German side as the Donets Campaign, and in the Soviet Union as the Donbas and Kharkov operations, the German counterstrike led to the recapture of the cities of Kharkov and Belgorod. As the German 6th Army was encircled in the Battle of Stalingrad, the Red Army undertook a series of wider attacks against the rest of Army Group South. These culminated on 2 January 1943 when the Red Army launched Operation Star and Operation Gallop, which between January and early February broke German defenses and led to the Soviet recapture of Kharkov, Belgorod, Kursk, as well as Voroshilovgrad and Izium. The Soviet victories caused participating Soviet units to over-extend themselves. Freed on 2 February by the surrender of the German 6th Army, the Red Army's Central Front turned its attention west and on 25 February expanded its offensive against both Army Group South and Army Group Center. Months of continuous operations had taken a heavy toll on the Soviet forces and some divisions were reduced to 1,000–2,000 combat effective soldiers. On 19 February, Field Marshal Erich von Manstein launched his Kharkov counterstrike, using the fresh II SS Panzer Corps and two panzer armies. Manstein benefited greatly from the massive air support of Field Marshal Wolfram von Richthofen's Luftflotte 4, whose 1,214 aircraft flew over 1,000 sorties per day from 20 February to 15 March to support the German Army, a level of airpower equal to that during the Case Blue strategic offensive a year earlier.The Wehrmacht flanked, encircled, and defeated the Red Army's armored spearheads south of Kharkov. This enabled Manstein to renew his offensive against the city of Kharkov proper on 7 March. Despite orders to encircle Kharkov from the north, the SS Panzer Corps instead decided to directly engage Kharkov on 11 March. This led to four days of house-to-house fighting before Kharkov was recaptured by the SS Division Leibstandarte on 15 March. The German forces recaptured Belgorod two days later, creating the salient which in July 1943 would lead to the Battle of Kursk. The German offensive cost the Red Army an estimated 90,000 casualties. The house-to-house fighting in Kharkov was also particularly bloody for the German SS Panzer Corps, which had suffered approximately 4,300 men killed and wounded by the time operations ended in mid-March.

Prospekt Haharina (Kharkiv Metro)
Prospekt Haharina (Kharkiv Metro)

The Prospekt Haharina or Prospekt Gagarina (Ukrainian: Проспект Гагаріна, (listen); Russian: Проспект Гагарина) is a station on Kharkiv Metro's Kholodnohirsko–Zavodska Line. It opened on 23 August 1975. It is located in the southern part of the city's center, at the beginning of the Prospekt Haharina street, for which the station is named, and near the Kharkiv-Levada Railway Station and the nearby autostation, which accounts for the station's fairly large passenger traffic. During the planning stage of the metro station, the station was to be called Levada. Also, the station was to be decorated in traditional Ukrainian motifs and lettering. On the walls there were supposed to be mosaics depicting grasses and flowers. However, the oblast governing board did not approve of the plans, and some time before the grand opening of the station, the architectural details were taken off, to be replaced with a more standard type of station. The station is lain shallow underground and is a pillar-trispan, with square columns. The station itself was designed by V.A Spivachyk and P.G. Chechelnitskiy; engineered by P.A. Bochikashvili and V.S. Kotov; and decorated by A.F. Pronin and G.V. Tischenko. For the most part, blank marble was used, although grey granite was also used for the background of the station's name, which is seen in large aluminum letters. The lighting comes from groups of lamps placed in between the "ribs" (bars) of the ceiling. The floor has been paved with polished flags of grey and black granite. Coming from the side of the station vestibule, the walls are made of light-rose coloured marble, Gazgan. The station has no escalators, since it is put shallow, and instead has wide stairs, above which are installed architectural stained glass windows depicting the triumph of the first man in space, Yuri Gagarin.