Swannanoa (mansion)

Rockfish Gap is a wind gap located in the Blue Ridge Mountains between Charlottesville and Waynesboro, Virginia, United States, through Afton Mountain, which is frequently used to refer to the gap. Joining the Shenandoah Valley to the Piedmont region of the state, it is the site of the mountain crossing of Interstate 64, U.S. Route 250, and the former Blue Ridge Railroad which later became part of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway and is currently part of the CSX line. With an elevation of about 1,900 feet (580 m), it is one of the lowest gaps between Manassas Gap and the James River. Rockfish Gap lies along a drainage divide between southeast-flowing streams that drain to the James River and northwest-flowing streams in the Shenandoah River system. The scenic Skyline Drive, which runs north through Shenandoah National Park to Front Royal, and the Blue Ridge Parkway, which runs south to a point near Cherokee, North Carolina, each generally following the mountain ridgetops, meet a short distance north of Rockfish Gap (such that the roadway on the bridge over the gap is actually part of the Blue Ridge Parkway). The Appalachian Trail also passes through the gap.

The Blue Ridge Tunnel (also known as the Crozet Tunnel) is a historic railroad tunnel built during the construction of the Blue Ridge Railroad in the 1850s. The tunnel was the westernmost and longest of four tunnels engineered by Claudius Crozet to cross the Blue Ridge Mountains at Rockfish Gap in central Virginia. At 4,237 feet (1,291 m) in length, the tunnel was the longest tunnel in the United States at the time of its completion. The tunnel was used by the Virginia Central Railroad from its opening to 1858, when the line was reorganized as the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad (renamed Chesapeake and Ohio Railway in 1878). The Chesapeake and Ohio routed trains through the tunnel until it was abandoned and replaced by a new tunnel in 1944. The new tunnel was named the "Blue Ridge Tunnel" as well, although the original tunnel still remains abandoned nearby. The old Blue Ridge Tunnel has since been named a Historic Civil Engineering Landmark by the American Society of Civil Engineers in 1976. In late 2020, after a decade of stabilization work and restoration as well as access pathway construction, the tunnel was opened to visitors as a linear park.

Afton is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Albemarle and Nelson counties in the Commonwealth of Virginia. It is newly listed as a CDP in the 2020 census with a population of 313.

The Virginia Metalcrafters Historic District encompasses a historic industrial complex at 1010 East Main Street in Waynesboro, Virginia. The complex includes one large multi-section brick factory, a number of small outbuildings (most in deteriorated condition), and the ruins of at least one collapsed building. The district is named for the Virginia Metalcrafters Company, which operated out of the complex from 1925 until 2006 and produced reproduction hardware for historic sites including Colonial Williamsburg, Mystic Seaport, and Old Salem.The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2015.The complex was purchased in 2013 by VM Acquisitions and is being renovated as a Virginia Metalcrafters Marketplace with a focus on craftsmanship. Basic City Beer Co. was the first occupant to renovate and begin production of beer within the facility starting in 2016. They currently occupy a portion of the original foundry and the Showroom. The brewery is expanding to include a music venue called The Foundry opening in March of 2023 and a restaurant. Common Wealth Crush now occupies a portion of the main building. They work with local winemakers to produce small batch wines in their facility with plans for a tasting room to open in 2023. A local coffee roaster will occupy the building as well.Renovation work continues on the sawtooth portion of the building, and will provide space for additional tenants.

Crompton-Shenandoah Plant, also known as The Mill at South River, is a historic textile factory complex located at Waynesboro, Virginia. The complex includes 11 contributing buildings and 8 contributing structures involved in the dyeing and finishing of the gray corduroy and velveteen goods. The historic buildings and structures were built beginning in 1926 through 1948. The complex includes two plant buildings, a machine shop/supply storage building, a former enameling plant, a boiler house, a water softener building, a chemical storage building, a lab, a gate house/personnel office, an office building and a retail store. The factory closed in the 1980s along with most Crompton Corporation plants.It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.

Fairfax Hall, also known as Hotel Brunswick, Brandon Hotel, or Fairfax Hall School, is a historic building located at Waynesboro, Virginia. It was built in 1890, and is a 2+1⁄2-story, very long and rambling resort hotel building in the shingled mode of the Queen Anne style. It has an irregular symmetry with towers at either end of the facade, a one-story porte cochere, a distinctive octagonal belvedere and cupola, and glassed in first story porches. Also on the property is a contributing gymnasium, built in 1926 in the European Renaissance style. It was originally occupied by the Brandon Hotel resort. The Brandon closed in 1913 but the building reopened as a school. In 1920 the school became Fairfax Hall, a junior college and preparatory school for girls. After the school closed in 1975, it was leased by the Virginia Department of Corrections as a training academy but then purchased and reopened as a retirement home.It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.Former students of the college and preparatory school for girls include film star Martha Hyer, musician Nikki Hornsby and politician Julia Brownley.

Basic City was an incorporated town located in Augusta County, Virginia, in the United States. Formed in 1890, it was named after a process for steel manufacture. This process was to be implemented in Basic City, and gave rise to land speculation. There was a boomtown rally of manufacturing and commercial development in Basic City between 1890 and 1893 as two railroads crossed here at a point called The Iron Cross: the Norfolk and Western and the Chesapeake and Ohio. Basic City was once bigger than the surrounding city of Waynesboro, Virginia. As the national economy experienced a depression between 1893 and 1896, sources of investment money disappeared and many new industries in Basic City experienced bankruptcy and closed. The town's real estate bubble burst and many businesses started between 1890 and 1893 did not survive. In 1924, Basic City consolidated with the adjacent Town of Waynesboro, which had been formed in 1798. The new name for the town was called Waynesboro-Basic. It was later renamed "Waynesboro". In 1948, the Town of Waynesboro became an independent city. However, Basic City had become one of the "Lost Towns" of Virginia. In modern times, only a handful of buildings and businesses bear the Basic name. One of them is the Basic City Luncheonette. The city-owned Basic Park is another. The Basic City Beer Company is a recent enterprise set up in the east end of the otherwise-vacant former Virginia Metalcrafters fabrication complex. At least one church, Basic United Methodist Church (BUMc) has long had the word Basic in its name.

The Coiner–Quesenbery House, also known as Casper Coiner House, is a historic home located at Waynesboro, Virginia. It was built in 1806, and is a two-story, three bay, Federal style house. The house originally had a hall and parlor plan, later modified in the 1820s–1830s to a more conventional side hall plan.It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.

The Tree Streets Historic District is a 120-acre (49 ha) historic district in Waynesboro, Virginia. The aptly named district contains portions of Cherry, Chestnut, Locust, Maple, Oak, Pine and Walnut Avenues as well as portions of Eleventh through Sixteenth Streets and part of South Wayne Avenue. It covers the oldest residential neighborhood in Waynesboro, and reflects the various stages of development of the city from the 19th century through 1951. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002. In 2002, it included 445 buildings deemed to contribute to the historic character of the area, two contributing sites, and seven other contributing structures.The oldest structure in the district is the Old Stone House, on Oak Avenue overlooking the South River. The age of the house is uncertain, with estimates ranging from the mid-18th century through the early 19th century. Though it has been extensively renovated at least twice, it retains the original 18-inch-thick (460 mm) fieldstone walls, chimneys at each end and some examples of original woodwork within. On the same property sometime before 1866, the neighboring Rose Cliff was erected. The two-story brick Rose Cliff was the plantation house for a large farm and orchard. In 2006, it was listed separately in the National Register of Historic Places for its architectural significance. About 1890, development was begun in earnest by the successful Waynesboro Company. Early development of this era included Queen Anne style residences like the W.J. Whitaker House at 517 Walnut Avenue and the Fry House at 428 Maple Avenue. The Fry House was designed by architect Carrington Hubbard, and the Whitaker House seems to be a variation of his design. Similarities between the two houses are many, including bay windows, balconies, patterned spandrels and reeded window surrounds while differences include the Fry House's octagonal turret and the Whitaker House's front door transom window. Related groupings of houses such as these were common during this period of development. Another feature indicative of development at this time is "a circular gable vent with a chrysanthemum-like piercing pattern", like the one at 353-357 Chestnut Avenue.

Fishburne Military School (FMS) is a private, military boarding school for boys in Waynesboro, Virginia, United States. It was founded by James A. Fishburne in 1879 and is one of the oldest military schools in the country.

The Waynesboro Downtown Historic District is a national historic district in Waynesboro, Virginia. In 2002, it included 43 contributing buildings in the compact central business district of Waynesboro. The district includes churches, houses, mixed-use commercial buildings, banks, specialty stores, offices, a hotel, restaurants, and parking lots. Notable buildings include the First National Bank (1908–09), the LB&B Building (1929), and the General Wayne Hotel (1937-1938).It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.

The Battle of Waynesboro was fought on March 2, 1865, at Waynesboro in Augusta County, Virginia, during the American Civil War. It was the final battle for Confederate Lt. Gen. Jubal Early, whose force was destroyed.