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El Baix Guinardó

Horta-GuinardóNeighbourhoods of BarcelonaProvince of Barcelona geography stubs

El Baix Guinardó is a neighborhood in the Horta-Guinardó district of Barcelona, Catalonia (Spain).

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article El Baix Guinardó (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors).

El Baix Guinardó
Carrer de Sardenya, Barcelona

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Geographical coordinates (GPS)

Latitude Longitude
N 41.409227777778 ° E 2.1669222222222 °
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Address

Escola de les Aigües

Carrer de Sardenya
08001 Barcelona (Horta-Guinardó)
Catalonia, Spain
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Battle of Barcelona (1359)

The Battle of Barcelona (June 9–11, 1359) was a naval engagement fought in the coastal region of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, between the navies of the Crowns of Aragon and Castile, during the War of the Two Peters. A number of months beforehand, a large Castilian fleet had been assembled at Seville by order of the King of Castile, Peter I. Consisting of 128 warships including royal vessels, ships from the King of Castile's vassals, and several others that had been sent by the Castilian-allied monarchs of Portugal and Granada, this large fleet had been entrusted to the Genoese admiral, Egidio Boccanegra, who was seconded by two of his relatives, Ambrogio and Bartolome. With Peter I also on board, as well as many distinguished noblemen and knights, the Castilian fleet set sail from Seville in April. Traversing the coast of Valencia and forcing the surrender of the Castle of Guardamar, it appeared before Barcelona on June 9. The king, Peter IV of Aragon and III of Barcelona, who was present at the city, organized the defense, together with the counts, Bernat III of Cabrera and Hug II of Cardona. The Aragonese disposed of ten galleys, a nau, and several small craft garrisoned by companies of crossbowmen, besides a line of siege weapons. Despite its inferior size, the fleet managed to repulse the Castilian attacks in a two-day battle that saw the first use of naval artillery: a bombard was mounted aboard the Aragonese nau and her shots heavily damaged one of the biggest naus of Peter I.

Siege of Barcelona (1706)
Siege of Barcelona (1706)

The siege of Barcelona took place between 3 and 27 April 1706 during the War of the Spanish Succession when a Franco-Spanish army laid siege to Barcelona in an attempt to recapture the city following its fall to an English-led Allied army the previous year.After the Earl of Peterborough entered Valencia in triumph in January 1706, Barcelona was left vulnerable. This led the French to change the plans of attacking Valencia and try to besiege Barcelona instead, while the city was blocked from the sea-side by the Count of Toulouse. The Spanish forces were led by Philip V, while René de Froulay, Comte de Tessé was placed in charge of the French land forces during the siege.Despite insufficient artillery and the constant harassment from Peterborough, who marched north with 3000 men and attacked the besiegers from the mountains, the Franco-Spanish forces finally managed to shoot three breaches in the walls. But before the decision to storm the city could be made, the siege was abandoned, following the appearance of a large English fleet under the command of John Leake carrying reinforcements.The Franco-Spanish army abandoned its supplies and artillery in its hasty retreat. Phillip was cut off from returning to Madrid, and so he crossed into France. Barcelona and the entire region of Catalonia remained in Allied hands until 1714.After the Grand Alliance victory at Barcelona, the solar eclipse of May 12, 1706 was widely interpreted as the “eclipse of Sun King”, i.e., the dimming of Louis XIV, king of France, while the French court officially regarded the eclipse only as a scientific phenomenon.

Bombardment of Barcelona (1842)
Bombardment of Barcelona (1842)

The Barcelona of 1842 was a keg of social conflict. The 'Bombardment of Barcelona' of December 3, 1842 occurred in Spain during the reign of Isabella II. It was ordered personally by the general Baldomero Espartero to end an insurgency that started in Barcelona the previous month and had forced the army to take refuge in the Montjuic Castle and Parc de la Ciutadella. The city, packed by all social strata of society into the same space, confronted each other in a climate of permanent tension that foreshadowed an eventual explosion of violence. The Montjuic Castle now acquired its new historical purpose in regards to the new beginnings of liberal Barcelona. The indiscriminate artillery bombardment of the city was made from Montjuïc under the command of Captain General Antonio Van Halen.Espartero was a Spanish general/ politician that played a prominent role in the bombardment. He also served as prime minister for Spain 3 times. He was associated with Spanish liberalism that would ultimately use him as a symbol of victory over the Carlists. He ordered the bombardment of the city from Montjuic as punishment for the spontaneous protests. It is said that a group of workers returning to the city, refused to pay the burot, that is, the tax charged for bringing food into the city. The uprising spread like wildfire, and within hours the working classes of the city had taken up a war footing to reclaim everything. The cannons fired 1014 projectiles and caused at least twenty deaths and widespread destruction throughout the city. Also, very prominent during this time was the reign of Isabella II (1833-1868). This was seen as very troubled as she first came to the throne as an infant. Her succession was disputed by the Carlists, who refused to recognize a female sovereign, leading to the Carlist Wars. Isabella’s failure to respond to growing demands for a more progressive regime contributed to the decline in monarchical strength. The Carlist War was a civil war in Spain that was fought between factions over the succession to the throne and the Spanish monarchy. This was one of the major stepping stones that led to the bombardment. The Carlist force was made up of all who opposed the liberal revolution: small rural nobility, lower clerics, and many farmers that believed all that liberalism would bring was higher taxes. The 'Bombardment of Barcelona' of December 3, 1842 occurred in Spain during the reign of Isabella II. It was ordered personally by the general Baldomero Espartero to end an insurgency that started in Barcelona the previous month and had forced the army to take refuge in the Montjuic Castle and Parc de la Ciutadella. The indiscriminate artillery bombardment of the city was made from Montjuïc under the command of Captain General Antonio Van Halen.