Fremantle Harbour

Fremantle Fortress was the combined coastal defences protecting the harbour of Fremantle, Western Australia, since the mid-1930s and, predominantly, during World War II. The coastal defences of the Fremantle Fortress stretched along the coastline of Perth from Cape Peron to Swanbourne and also included installations on Garden Island and Rottnest Island. While the first coastal batteries of the future Fremantle Fortress were installed at Arthur Head in 1906, the military installations protecting the harbour were expanded in the 1930s, being eventually dismantled again by 1963. During World War II, Fremantle Harbour, guarded by the Fremantle Fortress, was home to the Fremantle submarine base, which was the second-most important submarine base in the Pacific War after Pearl Harbor. The coastal batteries were manned by members of the Royal Australian Artillery, the Royal Australian Engineers and the Volunteer Defence Corps. Apart from these men, members of the Australian Women's Army Service also served at the Fremantle Fortress. Of the former installations, the Oliver Hill Battery and its associated railway have been preserved, remaining a tourist attraction on Rottnest Island. Parts of the Leighton Battery, Buckland Hill, have been restored and its underground facilities are accessible. A bunker and one of the Panama mounts of the Peron Battery are also preserved and accessible.

HMAS Ovens (S 70) is an Oberon-class submarine, formerly of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). She was one of six Oberons built for the Royal Australian Navy by the Scottish Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company, and entered service in 1969. The vessel was named for Irishman and Australian explorer John Ovens (1788–1825) and for whom the Victorian river Ovens was named. During her career, Ovens was the first RAN submarine to deploy with the ANZUK force, and the first RAN submarine to fire an armed Mark 48 torpedo, sinking the target ship Colac. The boat was decommissioned in 1995, and is preserved at the Western Australian Maritime Museum as a museum ship.

J Shed is a building and collection of artists studios at Arthur Head Reserve, Fremantle. It was built as a warehouse for Fremantle Harbour in the early 20th century, and moved to its present site in the early 1960s.

The North Mole Lighthouse began operation in 1906 at the entrance to Fremantle Harbour, in Western Australia. The occulting red light, emitted from a fixed lightsource at a focal plane height of 15 metres (49 ft) above sea level, is visible for 11 miles (18 km) and indicates the westernmost point of the harbour and its entrance. The lighthouse established permanent service from 1906; after the mole's foundations had settled a temporary lighting arrangement there was discharged. The light originally planned for the house was found to be too powerful and was sent to Broome for the steel lighthouse at Gantheume Point. The lighthouse and its technically identical yet green coloured partner on the south mole are the last remaining of their type. It has an 'indicative place' status of the Register of the National Estate and is a well-known landmark to seamen visiting the port. It was designed by Charles Yelverton O'Connor, an engineer responsible for the construction of Fremantle Harbour and who advanced the proposal of the Goldfields Water Supply Scheme. The 15 m tower is made of cast iron, painted red and features classical decorations. It is located at the end of North Mole Drive. The position is a well used recreational fishing spot and a vantage point for ocean yacht racing or birdwatching. In June in 1927 and July 1935, severe storms were recorded affecting the Moles but not seriously damaging the lighthouses.

E Shed Markets is a weekend market located on Victoria Quay in the Fremantle Harbour in Western Australia. It is housed in a historic timber building known as "E" Shed that was constructed in 1929 further up the quay and closer to the wharf. The building is one of a number of sheds that had varying names and locations in the twentieth century. The original "E" Shed was demolished in 1929, with its replacement built at the same location.In 1995 this shed was moved from its location alongside the river at Victoria Quay to vacant land behind B and C sheds. The shed was rotated 180 degrees in the process. The design was carried out by Tarek Ibrahim for AND Design. The construction work was carried out by Fini Group for the cost of A$6M including developing the building into a market.

The Round House was the first permanent building built in the Swan River Colony. Built in late 1830 and opened in 1831, it is the oldest building still standing in Western Australia.It is located at Arthur Head in Fremantle, and recent heritage assessments and appraisals of the precinct of the Round House incorporate Arthur Head.

The Old Customs House is a building in Fremantle, Western Australia that was built in 1908 to house the main branch of the Customs Department of Western Australia. It is one of only a handful of extant Customs Houses in the state; others are in Albany, Broome, Cossack, and Geraldton.

The site of 4 High Street was purchased by the Union Bank of Australia in 1881 and for several years the bank operated from the existing building, which had been the residence of Captain Daniel Scott. A new building was erected in 1889 with plans prepared by Melbourne architect William Edward Robertson, the construction was supervised by James Wright. The bank built new premises further along High Street in 1930 and placed the existing building up for auction. It was advertised as having a 119-foot (36 m) frontage along High Street and a 64.5-foot (20 m) frontage along Cliff Street. The ground floor of the brick building had a large banking chamber, a manager's office, strongroom, entrance hall, dining room and kitchen. The first floor contained a drawing room, seven bedrooms, bathrooms and linen closet. There were balconies at both the front and rear of the building.In 1931 the property was purchased by the Church of England for the Flying Angel Mission to Seamen organisation. In December 1937 plans were approved for the construction of the St Andrew's Mariners Chapel to the west (along High Street) behind the former bank building. It was constructed by Hawkins & Son at a cost of £1,731 and continued to function as a chapel until the late 1960s. As of 2016 both buildings were owned and used by the University of Notre Dame Australia. The Flying Angel Club had moved to 76 Queen Victoria Street by 1968. It is within the Fremantle West End Heritage area.

Arthur Head (also known as Arthur's Head) in Fremantle, Western Australia, is a former large limestone headland on the southern side of the mouth of the Swan River, now also the entry to Fremantle Harbour. Historian Bob Reece identifies the geographical prominence of the location in his entry in the Historical Encyclopedia of Western Australia:: 387  Fremantle is a narrow peninsula of land located at the estuary of the Swan River within Cockburn Sound, its principal landmarks from the sea being the limestone outcrop known as Arthur Head and the two hills known as Buckland Hill and Monument Hill (now Obelisk Hill). Also the strategic quality of the head is noted as: In May 1829 the strategic location of Arthur Head led it being chosen by Captain Charles Fremantle RN as the site for his fortified beach camp.: 4  It has been significantly altered since European settlement in the 1830s, and is the site of a large number of demolished structures.Archaeologist Michael Pearson in his 1984 report identified the following: 1851 Lighthouse (first) 1876 Lighthouse (second): 22 feet (6.7 m) in diameter, 72 feet (22 m) high; constructed by convicts in 1876–1879; decommissioned in 1902. 1834 Courthouse (first) 1840 Courthouse (second) 1852 Police station complex Lighthouse keeper quarters Harbourmaster quartersThe structures remaining on the head are the Round House, the oldest remaining building in Western Australia, and the pilots' cottages, all of which are heritage listed. Passing through Arthur Head is the Whalers Tunnel that enabled ease of access to Bathers Beach, Fremantle and the Long Jetty. A significant part of the Arthur Head area was utilised during World War II; the slipway constructed then for submarine repairs was known as the Arthurs Head Slipway.

The former Howard Smith Building is a heritage listed building located at 1-3 Mouat Street on the corner with Phillimore Street in the Fremantle West End Heritage area. It was one of many commercial buildings constructed in Fremantle during the gold boom period in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Construction of the building commenced in 1900. The building is three storeys tall and is made from brick and stone. It has zero setback from the footpath, the ground floor is stone and the upper floors are painted tuck point brick with engaged pilasters with an ashlar effect to the first floor. There is a decorative parapet with two tall and highly decorative pediments.Howard Smith Limited operated primarily as a shipping company with passenger services extended to Fremantle in 1893.The building is currently occupied by the School of Nursing and Midwifery of Notre Dame University. The University spent A$2.78 million on refurbishing both the Howard Smith and the neighbouring Australian United Steam Navigation Company Building prior to moving in. The architect for the renovation was Marcus Collins and the builder was Bill Fairweather.

Fremantle Fire Station, in Phillimore Street, Fremantle, Western Australia, was the second fire station built for the Fremantle Fire Brigade and was opened in 1909. It was designed by architectural firm Cavanagh and Cavanagh and constructed by J. Lake. The fire station was designed to house four horse-drawn vehicles, including the district's ambulance, which was also operated by the fire brigade. During World War II the building was taken over by the US military for use as Marine quarters. In the early 1970s the accommodation at the fire station was inadequate and the Fire Brigade Board wanted to demolish the building, to allow the building of a larger station suitable for vehicles. This proposal was met with opposition from The Fremantle Society and the Fremantle Council. In 1975 the Fire Brigade built a new building on railway land next door, and in 1977 the old building vested in the City of Fremantle. The building is listed on the Register of the National Estate.

Hotel Fremantle located on High Street, Fremantle was built in 1899 for W. deLacy Bacon at the height of the Western Australian gold boom. It was designed by the local architecture firm Wilkinson and Smith. The three storey residential hotel contained bedrooms, public bars, billiard room and sitting room. The design incorporated the existing residential structure built for the previous owner William Dalgety Moore which had been constructed in 1885. The building was classified by the National Trust of Australia in 1974 and placed on the Register of National Estate in 1980.During World War II the hotel was used as a hospital with operating theatres. In 2002 the building was purchased to become part the Notre Dame University.