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Koepelgevangenis (Arnhem)

Dutch building and structure stubsPrison stubsPrisons in the NetherlandsRijksmonuments in Arnhem
Exterieur OVERZICHT COMPLEX Arnhem 20339604 RCE
Exterieur OVERZICHT COMPLEX Arnhem 20339604 RCE

The Koepelgevangenis is a former prison in Arnhem, Netherlands. It is one of three Panopticon-style buildings situated in the country. Designed by Johan Metzelaar, the building was completed in 1886. A Rijksmonument, the prison closed in 2016. After the prison's closure, the building, along with the one at Haarlem, was used to house asylum seekers to the Netherlands.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Koepelgevangenis (Arnhem) (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Koepelgevangenis (Arnhem)
Diependalstraat, Arnhem

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N 51.9853 ° E 5.8783 °
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Koepelgevangenis

Diependalstraat
6812 DA Arnhem
Gelderland, Netherlands
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Exterieur OVERZICHT COMPLEX Arnhem 20339604 RCE
Exterieur OVERZICHT COMPLEX Arnhem 20339604 RCE
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Battle of Arnhem
Battle of Arnhem

The Battle of Arnhem was a battle of the Second World War at the vanguard of the Allied Operation Market Garden. It was fought in and around the Dutch city of Arnhem, the town of Oosterbeek, the villages Wolfheze and Driel and the vicinity from 17 to 26 September 1944. The Allies were poised to enter the Netherlands after sweeping through France and Belgium in the summer of 1944, after the Battle of Normandy. Operation Market Garden was proposed by Field Marshal Sir Bernard Montgomery, who favoured a single push northwards over the branches of the Lower Rhine River, allowing the British Second Army to bypass the Siegfried Line and attack the Ruhr. US Airborne troops were dropped in the Netherlands to secure bridges and towns along the line of the Allied advance. Farthest north, the British 1st Airborne Division landed at Arnhem to capture bridges across the Nederrijn (Lower Rhine), supported by men of the Glider Pilot Regiment and the 1st Polish Parachute Brigade. The British XXX Corps were expected to reach the British airborne forces in two to three days. The 1st Airborne Division landed some distance from its objectives and was hampered by unexpected resistance, especially from elements of the 9th and 10th SS Panzer Divisions. Only a small force was able to reach the Arnhem road bridge while the advance of the main body of the division was stopped on the outskirts of the town. XXX Corps was unable to advance north from Nijmegen in the Battle of Nijmegen as quickly as planned and the British airborne troops were not relieved according to schedule. After four days, the small British force at the bridge was overwhelmed and the rest of the division trapped in a small pocket north of the river. The paratroops could not be sufficiently reinforced by the Poles or XXX Corps when they arrived on the southern bank, nor by Royal Air Force supply flights. After nine days of fighting, the remnants of the division were withdrawn in Operation Berlin. The Allies were unable to advance further with no secure bridges over the Nederrijn and the front line stabilised south of Arnhem. The 1st Airborne Division lost nearly three quarters of its strength and did not see combat again.

Oosterbeek
Oosterbeek

Oosterbeek is a village in the eastern part of Netherlands. It is located in the municipality of Renkum in the province of Gelderland, about 5 km (3.1 mi) west of Arnhem. The oldest part of Oosterbeek is the Benedendorp (Lower Village), on the northern bank of the Lower Rhine. One landmark in the village is the Hervormde Kerk (Reformed Church), which has certain architectural sections that date back to the second half of the 10th century. It is the oldest church in the country which is still in use.Oosterbeek was a separate municipality until 1818, when the area was divided between Doorwerth and the village of Renkum. In the 19th century, several mansions were built on the higher ground to the north of the old village. One of these mansions, called De Hemelse Berg, was destroyed in 1944. Another, called Hartenstein, is now home to the Airborne Museum. The construction of smaller buildings in the same area led to the creation of the Bovendorp (Upper Village). To the north of the built-up area lies the Arnhem Oosterbeek War Cemetery. The village is known for its involvement in the September 1944 Battle of Arnhem, during which it was heavily damaged. General Roy Urquhart of Britain had his headquarters at Hotel Hartenstein. In May 1978 Urquhart opened the Airborne Museum in the hotel, which commemorates the Battle of Arnhem.Oosterbeek is also the location of the Hotel de Bilderberg, where the Bilderberg Group first met in 1954.