Alésia (Paris Métro)

The quartier du Petit-Montrouge is number 55 of the 80 quartiers administratifs (administrative districts) in Paris. It lies in the 14th Arrondissement, in the south of the capital. It owes its name to the adjacent commune of Montrouge, of which it formed a part before 1860. It is familiar as the quartier Alésia, from the name of a street that bisects it and from the principal Métro station that serves it, although the quartier Alésia does not exactly overlap the quartier du Petit-Montrouge.

Saint-Pierre de Montrouge (French pronunciation: ​[sɛ̃ pjɛʁ də mɔ̃.ʁuʒ]) is a Roman Catholic parish church in the Petit-Montrouge quarter of the 14th arrondissement of Paris. It was built from 1863, during Hausmann's redesign of the city, by Joseph Auguste Émile Vaudremer, the architect charged with designing the 14e arrondissement. It occupies a triangular site bounded by the Avenue du Maine and the avenue du général-Leclerc, and its bell-tower faces the quarter's central square. It is a listed monument since 1982.

The Musée Lenine was a museum devoted to Vladimir Lenin, located at 4, rue Marie-Rose, in the 14th arrondissement of Paris district, France. The museum closed in 2007.The museum contained the reconstructed apartment where Russian communist Vladimir Lenin, his wife Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya, and her mother lived from July 1909 to June 1912. It measured 59 square metres (640 sq ft).

The 14th arrondissement of Paris (French: XIVe arrondissement [katɔʁzjɛm aʁɔ̃dismɑ̃]), officially named arrondissement de l'Observatoire (IPA: [aʁɔ̃dismɑ̃ də lɔpsɛʁvatwaʁ]; meaning "arrondissement of the Observatory", after the Paris Observatory), is one of the 20 arrondissements of the capital city of France. It is situated on the left bank of the River Seine and contains most of the Montparnasse district. Although today Montparnasse is best known for its skyscraper, the Tour Montparnasse, and its major railway terminus, the Gare Montparnasse, these are both actually located in the neighboring 15th arrondissement. The district has traditionally been home to many artists as well as a Breton community, arrived at the beginning of the 20th century upon the creation of the Montparnasse railway terminus. Universities located in the 14th arrondissement also include the Cité Internationale Universitaire de Paris, which is located near the Parc Montsouris, the Stade Charléty and the catacombs; and the Paris School of Economics.

Mouton-Duvernet (French pronunciation: ​[mutɔ̃ dyvɛʁnɛ]) is a Paris Métro station on line 4 in Paris' 14th arrondissement.

Porte d'Orléans (Général Leclerc) (French pronunciation: ​[pɔʁt dɔʁleɑ̃ ʒeneʁal ləklɛʁ]) is a station of line 4 of the Paris Métro and a stop on tramway line 3a. It is situated in the 14th Arrondissement, in the quartier of Petit-Montrouge. The station is the former southern terminus of line 4. A terminal loop was provided at the station for trains to turn around to return north towards Porte de Clignancourt. Passengers used to disembark at the arrival platform and then the train proceeded empty via the loop to the departure platform. The extension to Mairie de Montrouge modified the layout of the station, the northbound platform was extended toward the track coming from the former terminal loop to add a new entrance.

The Paris School of Economics (PSE; French: École d'économie de Paris) is a French research institute in the field of economics. It offers MPhil, MSc, and PhD level programmes in various fields of theoretical and applied economics, including macroeconomics, econometrics, political economy and international economics.PSE is a brainchild of the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales (EHESS, where the students are enrolled primarily), the École Normale Supérieure, the École des Ponts and University of Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne, and it is physically located on the ENS campus of Jourdan in the 14th arrondissement of Paris. It was founded in 2006 as a coalition of universities and grandes écoles to unify high-level research in economics across French academia, and was first presided by economist Thomas Piketty. Since its foundation it has gained a certain amount of academic weight, and according to a ranking released by project RePEc in May 2020, it was ranked as the fifth-best university-level economics department in the world and first in Europe. Paris School of Economics' ranking has consistently risen since it was listed on the rankings on RePEc.

The École normale supérieure de jeunes filles (also, École normale supérieure de Sèvres) was a French institute of higher education, in Sèvres, now a commune in the suburbs of Paris. The school educated girls only, especially as teachers for the secondary education system. It was founded on 29 July 1881 on the initiative of Camille Sée, following the Sée-inspired act of the legislature which established lycées for girls.

The Barrière d'Enfer (English: Gate of Hell) is a pair of tollhouses that once served as a gate through the Wall of the Farmers-General (Mur des Fermiers généraux) at the current location of the Place Denfert-Rochereau.

Rue d'Alésia is a major street in the south of Paris, which runs along the entire east-west length of the 14th arrondissement. It is one of the few streets in Paris named after a French defeat, or more precisely, a Gallic defeat: the Battle of Alesia. Lined with acacia trees, the street extends to the east as Rue de Tolbiac into the 13th arrondissement, and to the west as Rue de Vouillé into the 15th arrondissement. It intersects Avenue du Général Leclerc at the Place Victor et Hélène Basch (or simply Alésia), the location of the Église Saint Pierre de Montrouge, as well as of the Alésia Métro station.

Gare de Denfert-Rochereau is a railway station in Paris. It was one of the first stations of the French railway network, and is still in use as a station of Paris' RER line B. The station was built from 1842 and opened on 7 June 1846 as the Gare d'Enfer (or Gare de Paris-d'Enfer), after the nearby Place d'Enfer (now called the Place Denfert-Rochereau), itself named after the Barrière d'Enfer. The station building had a circular shape as it possessed a rail loop. Indeed, the station was the Parisian terminus of a line from Sceaux. The Ligne de Sceaux used the Arnoux system (after its inventor), as it required the construction of specific engines capable of travelling on very tight curves and broad gauge tracks of 1,750 mm (5 ft 8+7⁄8 in). The Arnoux system was abandoned in 1891 and the line was converted to 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) (standard) gauge. The line was extended to Luxembourg station in 1895, with the newly created Port-Royal station along the way. At the same time, the station was renamed after Pierre Philippe Denfert-Rochereau. The line was operated by the Chemin de Fer de Paris à Orléans until 1937 when the Compagnie du Chemin de Fer Métropolitain de Paris (CMP) (predecessor of the RATP) took over. It became line B of the RER in 1977 on being extended to meet line A at Châtelet – Les Halles. The station building of Denfert-Rochereau station is the oldest railway building still standing in Paris. Denfert-Rochereau remains a station of line B of the Réseau Express Régional and is an interchange with the métro station of the same name, Denfert-Rochereau.

The Catacombs of Paris (French: Catacombes de Paris, pronunciation ) are underground ossuaries in Paris, France, which hold the remains of more than six million people in a small part of a tunnel network built to consolidate Paris' ancient stone quarries. Extending south from the Barrière d'Enfer ("Gate of Hell") former city gate, this ossuary was created as part of the effort to eliminate the city's overflowing cemeteries. Preparation work began shortly after a 1774 series of Saint Innocents-cemetery-quarter basement wall collapses added a sense of urgency to the cemetery-eliminating measure, and from 1786, nightly processions of covered wagons transferred remains from most of Paris' cemeteries to a mine shaft opened near the Rue de la Tombe-Issoire. The ossuary remained largely forgotten until it became a novelty-place for concerts and other private events in the early 19th century; after further renovations and the construction of accesses around Place Denfert-Rochereau, it was opened to public visitation from 1874. Since 2013, the Catacombs number among the fourteen City of Paris Museums managed by Paris Musées. Although the ossuary comprises only a small section of the underground "carrières de Paris" ("quarries of Paris"), Parisians currently often refer to the entire tunnel network as the catacombs.