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Ambrussum

Archaeological museums in FranceBuildings and structures in HéraultFormer populated places in FranceMuseums in HéraultMuseums of ancient Rome in France
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Ambrussum South Gate Paved Road 0402
Ambrussum South Gate Paved Road 0402

Ambrussum (French pronunciation: [ɑ̃bʁysɔm], [ɑ̃bʁysœm]; Latin pronunciation: [amˈbrussum]) is a Roman archaeological site in Villetelle, Occitania, Southern France. It is close to the modern town Lunel, between Nîmes and Montpellier. Ambrussum is notable for its museum, its staging post on the Via Domitia, its bridge Pont Ambroix over the Vidourle, painted by Gustave Courbet, and for its oppidum (fortified village). Its history of settlement spanned 400 years. The whole site is still being excavated. A lower settlement prone to flooding was a staging post for travellers on the Via Domitia and provided stabling and accommodation and the full range of repair facilities that were needed by carts and the Imperial postal service. The higher settlement was based on a pre-Roman oppidum which was within a surrounding wall including 21 towers. The Romans re-modelled the oppidum, so there is evidence of a complete range of housing styles from the earliest one room dwellings to sophisticated courtyard houses on the second century AD. The Roman road, the Via Domitia, ran at the foot of the settlement, leading from it is a paved road with visible with traces of Roman chariot tracks. The Roman bridge was used until the Middle Ages but fell into disrepair, and only one complete arch remains.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Ambrussum (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Ambrussum
Route de Ruffec, Le Blanc

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Wikipedia: AmbrussumContinue reading on Wikipedia

Geographical coordinates (GPS)

Latitude Longitude
N 43.719166666667 ° E 4.1480555555556 °
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Route de Ruffec

Route de Ruffec
36370 Le Blanc
Centre-Val de Loire, France
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Ambrussum South Gate Paved Road 0402
Ambrussum South Gate Paved Road 0402
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Pont Ambroix
Pont Ambroix

The Pont Ambroix or Pont d'Ambrussum (French for Ambrussum Bridge) was a 1st-century BC Roman bridge in the south of France that was part of the Via Domitia. It crossed the Vidourle at Ambrussum between today's Gallargues-le-Montueux in the Gard department and Villetelle in the Hérault department. In the High Middle Ages, a chapel devoted to St Mary was added to the structure. Only one of the original eleven arches remains in the middle of the river. Ambrussum contains three archaeological sites of international importance: the Colline de Devès which was first occupied in 2300 BC and settled as an oppidum between 300 BC and 100 AD; the Roman staging post on the Via Domitia which had hotels, a baths and industrial buildings; and the Pont Ambroix. The bridge was sketched by Anne Rulman in 1620 and the drawing shows only four arches. An 1839 lithograph and a painting by Gustave Courbet (1857) show two arches. The Vidourlades are violent floods on the Vidourle, in which the water flow increases from a minimum of 3 m3/s to over 3000 m3/s. Floods were recorded 8 October 1723. The floods of 18 November 1745 reduced the bridge from four arches to three. Further major floods occurred 6 October 1812, 21 October 1891, 21 September 1907. The floods of 7 September 1933 reduced the bridge from two arches to the one we see today. The site was abandoned when transit patterns changed; the Via Domitia became less important and the community relocated to Lunel-Viel which better served a north–south transit pattern, but the bridge continued in use until the late Middle Ages. The bridge is a Mérimée list National Monument No. PA00103057. The oppidum is Mérimée list National Monument No. PA00103760