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Atizapán de Zaragoza

Atizapán de Zaragoza
Mexico Estado de Mexico Atizapan de Zaragoza location map
Mexico Estado de Mexico Atizapan de Zaragoza location map

Atizapán de Zaragoza is a municipality, in State of Mexico in Mexico. The municipality covers an area of 91.07 km². In 2010, the municipality had a total population of 489,937. At the west side of the city is the Zona Esmeralda district (the Lomas de Valle Escondido and surrounding neighborhoods), considered one of the wealthiest in the State of Mexico and Greater Mexico City. The Valle Escondido and Chiluca country clubs are located here. It takes its name from the nahuatl word Ātīzapan, which is formed by three words: "ā-tl", which means "water", "tīza-tl", which means "white clay" and "īpan, which means "over" or "place over" in a metaphorical form. Finished this, the name means "Place over clay waters". Atizapán is located east from Toluca, and inside the Greater Mexico City limits. During the French Intervention, general Ignacio Zaragoza stayed here, and used the town for the gathering of weapons.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Atizapán de Zaragoza (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Atizapán de Zaragoza
Avenida Miguel Hidalgo, Ciudad López Mateos

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N 19.561111111111 ° E -99.246944444444 °
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Avenida Miguel Hidalgo (Avenida Juárez)

Avenida Miguel Hidalgo
52900 Ciudad López Mateos
State of Mexico, Mexico
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Mexico Estado de Mexico Atizapan de Zaragoza location map
Mexico Estado de Mexico Atizapan de Zaragoza location map
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Tlatilco
Tlatilco

Tlatilco was a large pre-Columbian village in the Valley of Mexico situated near the modern-day town of the same name in the Mexican Federal District. It was one of the first chiefdom centers to arise in the Valley, flourishing on the western shore of Lake Texcoco during the Middle Pre-Classic period, between the years of 1200 BCE and 200 BCE. It gives its name to the "Tlatilco culture", which also included the town of Tlapacoya, on the eastern shore of Lake Chalco. Tlatilco is noted in particular for its high quality pottery pieces, many featuring Olmec iconography, and its figurines, including Olmec-style baby-face figurines. Much else, however, seems to be in a native ceramic tradition. These Olmec-style artifacts have led to speculation concerning the nature of Olmec influence on other Mesoamerican cultures. The Tlatilco site was used in modern times as a source of clay for brick-making. By the 1930s, many of the ancient artifacts thereby uncovered made their way into the hands of collectors, including Miguel Covarrubias, artist and ethnographer. Covarrubias led the first controlled excavation in 1942. By 1949, over 200 burials were identified at Tlatilco, leading to its categorisation as a necropolis. Two major archaeological excavations followed, with over 500 burials eventually identified, many with intact grave offerings. The last field season also undertook a systematic survey of non-burial structures, leading to the realization that these hundreds of burials were apparently located under ancient houses—although no traces of them remain - as well as among the various trash pits, and that Tlatilco was not a necropolis, but rather a major chiefdom center.Many burials, primarily of high status individuals, show evidence of dental mutilation and artificial cranial deformation, most probably through the use of cradleboards. The Tlatilcans' agriculture was focused on maize, but also included beans, amaranth, and squash, and chili peppers. These plants were supplemented with various fowl, including migratory birds, wild rabbits and other smaller mammals, and deer and antelope.Tlatilco reached its heyday during the period from 1000 to 700 BCE, during the Olmec horizon. The following Zacatenco phase (700-400 BCE) saw a cessation of the use of Olmec iconography and forms.