Czech lands

The Czech Republic, also known as Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Historically known as Bohemia, it is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the southeast. The Czech Republic has a hilly landscape that covers an area of 78,871 square kilometers (30,452 sq mi) with a mostly temperate continental and oceanic climate. The capital and largest city is Prague; other major cities and urban areas include Brno, Ostrava, Plzeň and Liberec. The Duchy of Bohemia was founded in the late 9th century under Great Moravia. It was formally recognized as an Imperial State of the Holy Roman Empire in 1002 and became a kingdom in 1198. Following the Battle of Mohács in 1526, all of the Crown lands of Bohemia were gradually integrated into the Habsburg monarchy. Nearly a hundred years later, the Protestant Bohemian Revolt led to the Thirty Years' War. After the Battle of White Mountain, the Habsburgs consolidated their rule. With the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, the Crown lands became part of the Austrian Empire. In the 19th century, the Czech lands became more industrialized, and in 1918 most of it became part of the First Czechoslovak Republic following the collapse of Austria-Hungary after World War I. Czechoslovakia was the only country in Central and Eastern Europe to remain a parliamentary democracy during the entirety of the interwar period. After the Munich Agreement in 1938, Nazi Germany systematically took control over the Czech lands. Czechoslovakia was restored in 1945 and three years later became an Eastern Bloc communist state following a coup d'état in 1948. Attempts to liberalize the government and economy were suppressed by a Soviet-led invasion of the country during the Prague Spring in 1968. In November 1989, the Velvet Revolution ended communist rule in the country and restored democracy. On 31 December 1992, Czechoslovakia was peacefully dissolved, with its constituent states becoming the independent states of the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The Czech Republic is a unitary parliamentary republic and developed country with an advanced, high-income social market economy. It is a welfare state with a European social model, universal health care and free-tuition university education. It ranks 32nd in the Human Development Index. The Czech Republic is a member of the United Nations, NATO, the European Union, the OECD, the OSCE, the Council of Europe and the Visegrád Group.

Rybníček is a municipality and village in Havlíčkův Brod District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 80 inhabitants. Rybníček lies approximately 19 kilometres (12 mi) north of Havlíčkův Brod, 42 km (26 mi) north of Jihlava, and 86 km (53 mi) south-east of Prague.

Leškovice is a municipality and village in Havlíčkův Brod District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 90 inhabitants. Leškovice lies approximately 18 kilometres (11 mi) north of Havlíčkův Brod, 41 km (25 mi) north of Jihlava, and 88 km (55 mi) south-east of Prague.

Chrtníč is a municipality and village in Havlíčkův Brod District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 100 inhabitants. Chrtníč lies approximately 21 kilometres (13 mi) north-west of Havlíčkův Brod, 43 km (27 mi) north of Jihlava, and 82 km (51 mi) south-east of Prague.

Golčův Jeníkov (Czech pronunciation: [ˈɡoltʃuːf ˈjɛɲiːkof]; German: Goltsch-Jenikau) is a town in Havlíčkův Brod District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,700 inhabitants.

Vepříkov is a municipality and village in Havlíčkův Brod District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants. Vepříkov lies approximately 16 kilometres (10 mi) north of Havlíčkův Brod, 39 km (24 mi) north of Jihlava, and 91 km (57 mi) south-east of Prague.

Vilémov is a market town in Havlíčkův Brod District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,000 inhabitants.

Sedletín is a municipality and village in Havlíčkův Brod District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants. Sedletín lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) north of Havlíčkův Brod, 36 km (22 mi) north of Jihlava, and 92 km (57 mi) south-east of Prague.

Battle of Vilémov was a military clash between the Bohemian army under the command of the Bohemian King George of Poděbrady and the Hungarian army as part of the Crusade campaign led by the Hungarian King Matthias Corvinus within the framework of the Bohemian-Hungarian Wars. It took place on 26 February 1469, in the vicinity of the village of Vilémov and ended with the encirclement of Corvinus' army in the valley of the river Doubrava, after which the two monarchs met and talked in Úhrov averting a direct clash of troops. Corvinus then left the battlefield with his army with the promise of leaving the Bohemian Kingdom but soon afterwards he started fighting again. Although this combat situation is called a battle, it was primarily a strategic victory of the Bohemian army, which was achieved with small numbers of casualties on both sides. From a broader perspective, however, it was unable to avert Corvinus' political rise.

Uhelná Příbram (German: Kohl Pribrams) is a market town in Havlíčkův Brod District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 500 inhabitants.

Heřmanice is a municipality and village in Havlíčkův Brod District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 50 inhabitants. Heřmanice lies approximately 25 kilometres (16 mi) north of Havlíčkův Brod, 48 km (30 mi) north of Jihlava, and 87 km (54 mi) east of Prague.

Kraborovice is a municipality and village in Havlíčkův Brod District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 100 inhabitants. Kraborovice lies approximately 22 kilometres (14 mi) north of Havlíčkův Brod, 45 km (28 mi) north of Jihlava, and 89 km (55 mi) east of Prague.