Tuscarora Creek Historic District

Aspen Hall, also known as the Edward Beeson House, was built beginning in 1771 as a stone house in the Georgian style in what would become Martinsburg, West Virginia. The first portion of the house was a 20 by 20 foot "fortified stone home", 2½ stories tall., in coursed rubble limestone built in 1745 by Edward Beeson I. It is the oldest house in Martinsburg. The Georgian block of the house was built by Edward Beeson II, a wealthy Quaker farmer and miller. Beeson died in 1817 and the house was sold to Mathew Ranson of Jefferson County in 1821, who then sold it to Union Colonel John W. Stewart in 1850. The house remained in the Stewart family until 1926.Aspen Hall is notable for its outstanding entrance hall, measuring 13 feet (4.0 m) wide and 36 feet (11 m) deep. The original interior was laid out in a side hall arrangement, two rooms deep. The principal interior rooms are paneled. About 1900 the house was altered to make what had been the rear entrance the front, and Victorian details were added.The property includes the blockhouse of Mendenhall's Fort, built about 1755 by John Mendenhall, brother of Edward Beeson I's widow. There was a wooden stockade that extended from the blockhouse to surround Mendenhall's and Beeson's homes. Mendenhall's home was also built in 1755, making it the second oldest house in Martinsburg. The fort was built to defend the area against Native American attack during the French and Indian War. The fortification was noted by George Washington in a communication to Colonel William Fairfax in 1757. Col. Washington garrisoned troops at Mendenhall's several times. House of Burgesses candidate Washington attended a wedding at "Mendenhall's Mill" in 1761. The property was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980, and is included in the Boyd Avenue Historic District.

The Baltimore and Ohio Related Industries Historic District comprises a portion of Martinsburg, West Virginia to either side of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad line as it runs through the city. The district includes the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Martinsburg Shops, a National Historic Landmark, and a variety of industrial and commercial concerns that depended on the railroad. Along with buildings, the district includes the infrastructure associated with the building of the railroad in an urbanizing environment, such as the channelizing of Tuscarora Creek and a variety of culverts, underpasses and retaining walls. Significant buildings include, apart from the roundhouse/shop complex, the B. & O. Railroad station and hotel. Industrial buildings include coal yards, a plaster mill, feed mills, a distillery and other manufacturing facilities.

Martinsburg is a city in and the county seat of Berkeley County, West Virginia, United States. The population was 18,773 at the 2020 census, making Martinsburg the largest city in the Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia and the seventh-largest city in the state. It is a principal city of the Hagerstown–Martinsburg metropolitan area extending into Maryland, which had 293,844 residents in 2020.

West Martinsburg Historic District is a national historic district located at Martinsburg, Berkeley County, West Virginia. It encompasses 138 contributing buildings constructed between about 1900 and 1956. It is primarily residential and many of the earlier houses in the district represent the “small house” movement of the 1920s and 1930s. The houses reflect popular architectural styles from the first half of the 20th century including the Bungalow, American Craftsman, American Foursquare, and Colonial Revival styles.It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.

Downtown Martinsburg Historic District is a national historic district located at Martinsburg, Berkeley County, West Virginia. It encompasses 281 contributing buildings. It includes government and industrial buildings, several schools, firehouses, and churches, the two main commercial and professional areas along Queen and King Streets, a major hospital, and surrounding residential areas. The buildings reflect a number of popular 19th-century architectural styles including Gothic Revival, Italianate, and Queen Anne.It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

The Federal Aviation Administration Records Center in Martinsburg, West Virginia is the former United States Courthouse and Post Office for the city. It is a Richardson Romanesque style building, principally designed by Willoughby J. Edbrooke, of the Office of the Supervising Architect. It was used as a federal courthouse and post office from 1895 to 1961, when both functions moved across the street to a new facility. The building to some extent resembles Henry Hobson Richardson's now-destroyed Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce Building.The Federal Aviation Administration occupied the building in 1970, primarily as an emergency relocation center for Washington-based operations, then vacated the building in the 1990s. The blast-resistant construction and communications facilities are still visible in the basement. During the Cold War, the Justice Department and essential operations staff of the Federal Bureau of Investigation planned to use the building's top floors as an emergency relocation center.The building was partly renovated as an arts center. It is part of the Downtown Martinsburg Historic District and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.

The Apollo Theatre in Martinsburg, West Virginia, US was designed by architect Reginald Geare with local architect Chapman E. Kent, and built in 1913 by theater owner H. P. Thorn. As constructed it had a seating capacity of 1000, and was used for movies, vaudeville and concerts. Upper floors provided meeting spaces for large groups.The Apollo Theatre is operated as a community-supported facility. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. It is included in the Downtown Martinsburg Historic District.

The United States District Court for the Northern District of West Virginia (in case citations, N.D. W. Va.) is a federal court in the Fourth Circuit (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit). The District was established on June 22, 1901.As of October 12, 2021 the United States attorney is William J. Ihlenfeld II.

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Martinsburg Shops is a historic industrial district in Martinsburg, West Virginia. It is significant both for its railroading architecture by Albert Fink and John Rudolph Niernsee and for its role in the Great Railroad Strike of 1877. It consists of three contributing buildings, one of which is the oldest covered roundhouse in the United States. The presence of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company in Martinsburg dates back to the late 1840s, when the first engine and machine shops were erected for the expanding company. The shops were designated a National Historic Landmark and placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003. They are now managed by a local authority as an event venue.

Martinsburg station is a railway station in Martinsburg, West Virginia, United States, served by MARC Brunswick Line commuter rail service and Amtrak Capitol Limited intercity rail service. The station has one side platform serving a siding track of the CSX Cumberland Subdivision, with a footbridge crossing the siding and the two main tracks to provide access to the preserved Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Martinsburg Shops complex.

Rosemont Historic District in Martinsburg, West Virginia, is a historic district that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.

The East Martinsburg Historic District is associated with the growth of Martinsburg, West Virginia during the 1850s, when the development of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad brought German and Irish settlers to the area. The district includes areas known as Buena Vista, Chevally City, St. Vincent, Hooge's Addition, Small's Addition, Carver's Addition, Mohler's Addition, Strinesville and East Strinesville. The oldest sections of the district have concentrations of pre-Civil War buildings in the Greek Revival style, while later sections include Gothic Revival, Queen Anne and Classical Revival buildings.The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.