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Woodwell Climate Research Center

1985 establishments in MassachusettsEducation in Barnstable County, MassachusettsEnvironmental organizations based in MassachusettsEnvironmental organizations established in 1985Environmental research institutes
Falmouth, MassachusettsResearch institutes established in 1980Research institutes in MassachusettsScience and technology in Massachusetts

Woodwell Climate Research Center, formerly known as the Woods Hole Research Center (WHRC) until August 2020, is a scientific research organization that studies climate change impacts and solutions. The International Center for Climate Governance named WHRC the world's top climate change think tank for 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2016.Woodwell Climate conducts research on the causes and impacts of climate change throughout the tropics, the Arctic, and North America. The Center designs all of its work to inform policy or answer policy questions and is composed of five core units: Arctic, Carbon, Risk, Tropics, and Water.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Woodwell Climate Research Center (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors).

Woodwell Climate Research Center
Woods Hole Road,

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N 41.5495 ° E -70.6435 °
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Woodwell Climate Research Center

Woods Hole Road 149
02541
Massachusetts, United States
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Project Nobska

Project Nobska was a 1956 summer study on anti-submarine warfare (ASW) for the United States Navy ordered by Chief of Naval Operations Admiral Arleigh Burke. It is also referred to as the Nobska Study, named for its location on Nobska Point near the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) on Cape Cod, Massachusetts. The focus was on the ASW implications of nuclear submarines, particularly on new technologies to defend against them. The study was coordinated by the Committee on Undersea Warfare (CUW) of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS). It was notable for including 73 representatives from numerous organizations involved in submarine design, submarine-related fields, and weapons design, including senior scientists from the Atomic Energy Commission's nuclear weapons laboratories. Among the participants were Nobel laureate Isidor Rabi, Paul Nitze, and Edward Teller. The study's recommendations influenced all subsequent US Navy submarine designs, as well as submarine-launched ASW tactical nuclear weapons until this weapon type was phased out in the late 1980s. New lightweight (Mark 46) and heavyweight (Mark 48) anti-submarine torpedo programs were approved. Although not on the initial agenda, the Polaris submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) was determined to be capable of implementation at this conference. Within five years Polaris would dramatically improve the US Navy's strategic nuclear deterrent capability.: 109–114