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Freedoms Mill

Bishop MonktonGrade II listed buildings in North YorkshireUse British English from March 2024Watermills in North Yorkshire
Freedoms Paper Mill geograph.org.uk 1827730
Freedoms Paper Mill geograph.org.uk 1827730

Freedoms Mill is a historic building in Bishop Monkton, a village in North Yorkshire, in England. A flax mill operated on the site for many years, but in the late 18th century, it was rebuilt as a paper mill. As of 1800, it was owned by Peter Lomas, passing in 1815 to John Robinson, and in 1846 to Charles Lister. Lister formed a partnership with John Butterfield, who soon became sole owner, later passing the business to his son, who formed a similar partnership with Walter Renton. Other than a short period of ownership by Newby Hall, it remained in the Renton family until it closed, in 1975. It was purchased by the Industrial Paint company, but the building became derelict. In 1986, it was Grade II listed. In the mid-1990s, the building was converted into six apartments. The brick building consists of a house on the left, and the former watermill on the right. It is three storeys high, and has a slate roof. The house has three bays, and a central doorway with attached columns, a fanlight, and a corniced pediment. The ground and middle floor windows are sashes with cambered heads, and in the top floor are one sash and two casement windows. The former mill has four bays, a doorway in the right bay, one sash window and the other windows are casements. Between the bays in the upper floors are brick columns, which would originally have separated large windows, but in the 20th century these were infilled with brick, since replaced by wood and smaller windows.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Freedoms Mill (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Freedoms Mill
Renton Close,

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Geographical coordinates (GPS)

Latitude Longitude
N 54.0952 ° E -1.4933 °
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Address

Renton Close

Renton Close
HG3 3UB , Bishop Monkton
England, United Kingdom
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Freedoms Paper Mill geograph.org.uk 1827730
Freedoms Paper Mill geograph.org.uk 1827730
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Equestrian statue of Charles II trampling Cromwell
Equestrian statue of Charles II trampling Cromwell

An equestrian statue of Charles II trampling Cromwell stands near Newby Hall in North Yorkshire, England. It was previously sited at Gautby Hall in Lincolnshire, and was originally installed at the Stocks Market in the City of London. It is a Grade II listed building. The 17th-century statue is made of Carrara marble. It shows a man with the features of King Charles II in armour and riding a horse, which is walking over and trampling a figure lying on the ground representing Oliver Cromwell. The rider holds bronze reins in his left hand and a staff in his right hand. The sculpture stands on a tall plinth of stone ashlars, with moulded base and cornice, and rounded ends. The original sculpture was made in Italy, but the sculptor is not known. It portrayed the Polish commander John III Sobieski riding down a Turkish soldier (said by some sources to commemorate his victory at the Battle of Vienna in 1683, although it pre-dates the battle by at least a decade). A similar sculpture was made by Franciszek Pinck to a design by André-Jean Lebrun and erected in 1788 as part of the John III Sobieski Monument in Łazienki Park in Warsaw, which was based on Bernini's equestrian statue of Louis XIV and a sculpture of c. 1693 in Wilanów Palace, also in Warsaw, perhaps inspired by the 1686 portrait of Sobieski by Jerzy Siemiginowski-Eleuter. The sculpture may have been made for the King of Poland or the Polish ambassador in London, but it was bought in c. 1672 by the London goldsmith and banker Sir Robert Vyner, 1st Baronet, who was a strong supporter of Charles II, and who had made Charles's new coronation regalia to replace items sold or destroyed before or under the Commonwealth. Vyner had the head of the rider remodelled by Jasper Latham to resemble Charles. The figure interpreted as "Cromwell" retains a distinctly Turkish appearance, including a turban. Vyner had offered in 1668 to donate a statue of Charles for the Royal Exchange when it was rebuilt after the Great Fire of London, but this offer was rejected. Vyner served as Lord Mayor of London in 1674–75, and he presented the statue to the parish of St Stephen Walbrook and had the statue installed in 1675 in the Stocks Market. This was the location of the last fixed stocks in the City of London, near Cornhill, above the outlet of a conduit fed by a lead pipe from Tyburn. In a satirical poem, Andrew Marvell wondered whether the statue was deliberate revenge for the losses Vyner had suffered with the Stop of the Exchequer, When each one that passes finds fault with the horse. Yet all do affirme that the King is much worse In another poem Marvell imagined the horse in discussion with the horse from the equestrian statue of Charles I, re-erected later the same year at Charing Cross, the two horses together comparing their riders and berating the state of the nation. The statue was removed in 1739 to permit the construction of the Mansion House on the site of the Stocks Market, and was given back to Vyner's grandnephew, also Robert Viner. Some years later, the statue was erected at the Vyner family estate at Gautby Hall. Lady Mary Robinson, daughter of Thomas de Grey, 2nd Earl de Grey, married Henry Vyner, and after she had inherited Newby Hall in 1859 the statue was relocated there in 1883, where it remains. It received a Grade II listing in 1967.