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Calvarrasa de Abajo

Municipalities in the Province of SalamancaProvince of Salamanca geography stubs
Calvarrasa de Abajo, Ayuntamiento
Calvarrasa de Abajo, Ayuntamiento

Calvarrasa de Abajo is a village and municipality in the province of Salamanca, western Spain, part of the autonomous community of Castile-Leon. It is 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from the provincial capital city of Salamanca and has a population of 1,143 people. The municipality covers an area of 28 km2 (11 sq mi). It lies 785 metres (2,575 ft) above sea level and the postal code is 37181.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Calvarrasa de Abajo (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Calvarrasa de Abajo
Gartenweg,

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Geographical coordinates (GPS)

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N 40.95 ° E -5.55 °
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Gartenweg 5
48291
Nordrhein-Westfalen, Deutschland
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Calvarrasa de Abajo, Ayuntamiento
Calvarrasa de Abajo, Ayuntamiento
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Battle of Salamanca
Battle of Salamanca

The Battle of Salamanca (in French and Spanish known as the Battle of the Arapiles) on 22 July 1812 was a battle in which an Anglo-Portuguese army under the Earl of Wellington defeated Marshal Auguste Marmont's French forces at Arapiles, south of Salamanca, Spain, during the Peninsular War. A Spanish division was also present but took no part in the battle. The battle involved a succession of flanking manoeuvres in oblique order, initiated by the British heavy cavalry brigade and Pakenham's 3rd Division and continued by the cavalry and the 4th, 5th and 6th divisions. These attacks resulted in a rout of the French left wing. Marmont and his deputy commander, General Bonet, received shrapnel wounds in the first few minutes of firing. Confusion amongst the French command may have been decisive in creating an opportunity, which Wellington seized. General Bertrand Clauzel, third in seniority, assumed command and ordered a counter-attack by the French reserve toward the depleted Allied centre. The move proved partly successful but with Wellington having sent his reinforcements to the centre, the Anglo-Portuguese forces prevailed. Allied losses numbered 3,129 British and 2,038 Portuguese dead or wounded. The Spanish troops took no part in the battle as they were positioned to block French escape routes and suffered just six casualties. The French suffered about 13,000 dead, wounded and captured. As a consequence of Wellington's victory, his army was able to advance to and liberate Madrid for two months, before retreating to Portugal. The French were forced to abandon Andalusia permanently while the loss of Madrid irreparably damaged King Joseph's pro-French government.