place

Endstead

1903 establishments in South AfricaHouses in JohannesburgResidential buildings completed in 1903South African building and structure stubsUse South African English from September 2023

Endstead is a historic house in Parktown, Johannesburg, South Africa built in 1903 by Ernest Willmot Sloper for his own use. The original property has been sub-divided; the only major changes to the house have been the addition of a double garage by Tony Bentel, an enlarged kitchen 1920 by Solomon and Marshall, a garage by Marshall and Fleming that replaced the stables in 1923 and a swimming pool plus pool change rooms.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Endstead (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors).

Endstead
Escombe Avenue, Johannesburg Parktown

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Latitude Longitude
N -26.178 ° E 28.02422 °
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Address

Endstead

Escombe Avenue 16-18
2193 Johannesburg, Parktown
Gauteng, South Africa
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Yale–Columbia Southern Observatory
Yale–Columbia Southern Observatory

· The Yale Southern Observatory is an astronomical observatory established by Yale University in 1925 on Milner Park Show Grounds in Johannesburg, South Africa.The building would soon be incorporated into the campus of the University of the Witwatersrand, as campus expanded. Columbia University subsequently collaborated with Yale in the 1940s, and this facility became known as the Yale-Columbia Southern Observatory (YCSO). The establishment of the southern observatory was initiated by Frank Schlesinger , director of the Yale University Observatory and publisher of the Bright Star Catalogue. Schlesinger wanted to determine the distances of southern stars, but he also wanted to do so economically. He sailed to South Africa with a 26-inch refractor, intended for the Yale Southern Telescope, and supervised the refractor's mounting. The refrector was housed in a meridian building and movement on either side of the meridian was restricted, resulting in large "dead zones", areas of the sky that are not available for observations. No residences were built near the meridian building to avoid light pollution. Intensive observations with this telescope, in conjunction with those at the Cape Observatory, made the knowledge of the distances of southern stars almost as complete as for northern stars. In 1951, the 23 year program for determining distances to stars in the Southern Hemisphere was completely completed. The observatory had fulfilled its primary function and, due to increasing urban light pollution, it was decided to close it. Today, the Wits planetarium is located on the territory next to the former Yale-Columbia Station. The Yale-Columbia refractor emigrated to Mount Stromlo Observatory in 1952. A Corporation was then spun out in 1962 under the name Yale-Columbia Southern Observatory, Inc. (YCSO) in collaboration with Columbia University.

Richmond, Johannesburg
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Richmond is a small, centrally located suburb in Johannesburg whose Edwardian, Art Deco and Mid Century Modern houses are being both gentrified and torn down. This small, well-established region overlooks the leafy suburbs of Westcliff and Parktown North. The area is bordered by Empire Road, Melville and the Auckland Park Johannesburg Country Club. The suburb of Richmond was established in 1893 or 1896. Located approximately 3,5 km northwest of the city hall, the total of 227 stands that made up this middle class settlement were established on a portion of the Braamfontein Farm that Louw Geldenhuys sold for £300 000. Richmond, as a location, was also one of the first sites for Black Entrepreneurs in early Johannesburg. Zulu men from KwaZulu-Natal, members of the AmaWasha (or Zulu Washerment) formed a guild. Laundry work, among Zulu men, was a prestigious occupation and pay was handsome. The AmaWasha had its history in a precolonial artisanal associations which practiced hide dressing In their laundering work, the AmaWasha recalled the specialist craft of hide-dressing. This powerful group of approximately 1200 African washermen, would clean the mining town's dirty laundry. Things began to change with a drought in 1895 In 1902 an American entrepreneur and laundryman, Frank Oscar Nelson established Steam Laundry and competed with two other foreign owned laundry businesses, the Crystal Steam Laundry and the Auckland Park Steam Laundry. However, by 1914, their the amamwasha's efforts had been eclipsed and Rand Steam Laundries, would do the washing, ironing, dying and dry-cleaning of dirty clothes up until 1962. Today, the social history of these early entrepreneurs are recognized in Rand Steam Shopping Centre. While most of the original buildings were illegally demolished in 2008, the remaining structures were declared heritage sites by the Johannesburg Heritage Foundation and amaWasha bricks are inserted into the walls. Richmond residents have a wide variety of amenities in walking distance including 44 Stanley, Love Books, Randsteam and Bamboo Centre and Boxpark inspired 27 Boxes. Soccer sports fields and Melville Koppies maintain an impression of a small highveld town.