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Battle of Sauchieburn

1488 in Europe15th century in ScotlandBattles involving ScotlandConflicts in 1488

The Battle of Sauchieburn was fought on 11 June 1488, at the side of Sauchie Burn, a stream about two miles (3 km) south of Stirling, Scotland. The battle was fought between the followers of King James III of Scotland and a large group of rebellious Scottish nobles including the future Alexander Home, 2nd Lord Home, who were nominally led by the king's 15-year-old son, James, Duke of Rothesay. James III was killed in the battle, and his son succeeded him as James IV.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Battle of Sauchieburn (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors).

Battle of Sauchieburn
A872,

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N 56.066666666667 ° E -3.9166666666667 °
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Battle of Sauchieburn (1488)

A872
FK6 6RF
Scotland, United Kingdom
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Auchenbowie House

Auchenbowie House is a laird's house (mansion) in Stirling, Scotland. The location is about 3.5 miles (5.6 km) south of Stirling, on minor road west of the A872 west of the M80 at Auchenbowie.The land here was bought by Robert Bruce, Provost of Stirling (descendant of The Bruce) in 1555. The Laird's House was built during the 17th century, 1666 according to one source. According to The Times, it was "built as an L-plan towerhouse ... extended in 1768 and again in the 19th century to create a capacious nine-bedroom, four-bathroom property".The house was later expanded and remodelled in 1768, and again in the 19th century. It's located in the Stirling region of Auchenbowie.It passed through marriage to the Munro family in 1708 after a member of the Bruce family had to flee Scotland following the killing of a man in a duel. The Munro family were the owners in 1787 when Robert Burns, the Scots national makar (or poet) stayed and wrote in his journal about dining with the Munro of the day who was also a poet.Former British Prime Minister, Winston Churchill, also stayed at the House when visiting a niece that had married into the Munro family.On September 5, 1973, it was designated a category A listed building.Little has been written about recent owners, but The Times indicated that Connie and Robert Donnelly had moved in 2012.A report about the House in 2019 stated that "the original L-shaped plan remains essentially intact" and added that it has been remodeled, then featuring nine bedrooms, stables and tennis courts.

Battle of Bannockburn
Battle of Bannockburn

The Battle of Bannockburn (Scottish Gaelic: Blàr Allt nam Bànag or Blàr Allt a' Bhonnaich) was fought on 23–24 June 1314, between the army of Robert the Bruce, King of Scots, and the army of King Edward II of England, during the First War of Scottish Independence. It was a decisive victory for Robert Bruce and formed a major turning point in the war, which ended 14 years later with the de jure restoration of Scottish independence under the Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton. For this reason, the Battle of Bannockburn is widely considered a landmark moment in Scottish history.King Edward II invaded Scotland after Bruce demanded in 1313 that all supporters, still loyal to ousted Scottish king John Balliol, acknowledge Bruce as their king or lose their lands. Stirling Castle, a Scots royal fortress occupied by the English, was under siege by the Scottish army. King Edward assembled a formidable force of soldiers to relieve it—the largest army ever to invade Scotland. The English summoned 25,000 infantry soldiers and 2,000 horses from England, Ireland and Wales against 6,000 Scottish soldiers, that Bruce had divided into three different contingents. Edward's attempt to raise the siege failed when he found his path blocked by a smaller army commanded by Bruce.The Scottish army was divided into four divisions of schiltrons commanded by (1) Bruce, (2) his brother Edward Bruce, (3) his nephew, Thomas Randolph, the Earl of Moray and (4) one jointly commanded by Sir James Douglas and the young Walter the Steward. Bruce's friend, Angus Og Macdonald, Lord of the Isles, brought thousands of Islesmen to Bannockburn, including galloglass warriors, and King Robert assigned them the place of honour at his side in his own schiltron with the men of Carrick and Argyll.After Robert Bruce killed Sir Henry de Bohun on the first day of the battle, the English withdrew for the day. That night, Sir Alexander Seton, a Scottish noble serving in Edward's army, defected to the Scottish side and informed King Robert of the English camp's low morale, telling him they could win. Robert Bruce decided to launch a full-scale attack on the English forces the next day and to use his schiltrons as offensive units, as he had trained them. This was a strategy his predecessor William Wallace had not employed. The English army was defeated in a pitched battle which resulted in the deaths of several prominent commanders, including the Earl of Gloucester and Sir Robert Clifford, and capture of many others, including the Earl of Hereford.The victory against the English at Bannockburn is one of the most celebrated in Scottish history, and for centuries the battle has been commemorated in verse and art. The National Trust for Scotland operates the Bannockburn Visitor Centre (previously known as the Bannockburn Heritage Centre). Though the exact location for the battle is uncertain, a modern monument was erected in a field above a possible site of the battlefield, where the warring parties are believed to have camped, alongside a statue of Robert Bruce designed by Pilkington Jackson. The monument, along with the associated visitor centre, is one of the most popular tourist attractions in the area.

Herbertshire Castle

Herbertshire Castle was a castle built in the Barony of Herbertshire in the early fifteenth century, located near Dunipace, Falkirk, central Scotland. It is said once to have been a royal hunting station. Its situation on elevated ground on the north bank of the River Carron, Forth was “very beautiful”. It was in an L-plan, dominated by a four-storey, rectangular, battlemented tower. In 1889 it was described as a large and lofty structure, measuring 63'6" in length, including the wing, by 43'8" in breadth. The small limb forming the L was 26'2" wide and appears to have projected about 12'. It formed a landmark for miles around. It was badly damaged in a fatal fire in 1914 which claimed three lives, and lay in ruins until its demolition in the 1950s. The grounds remain, as Herbertshire Castle Park, also known as Denny Gala Park. Nothing remains of the castle but an area of low scarps and shallow depressions.Herbertshire is believed to have taken its name from one Herbert de Camera, who donated tracts of land in Dunipace to Cambuskenneth Abbey about the year 1200. During the time that Herbert made the donations to the Abbey, the lands fell within the jurisdiction of the barony of Dunipace. After the donations, Herbertshire became the principal barony that remained. It was located within the county of Stirling. This was the principal barony of Dunipace and Denny. At the time of the Wars of Scottish Independence it was known as the Barony of Dunipace and it was not until some time after these that the name Herbertshire emerged.In that early period the lairds of the barony were the de Morehams and, as his sons had both died in the Wars, Sir Thomas de Moreham, the last laird, was succeeded by his granddaughter. She married John Gifford and they had four children - all girls. The youngest, Elizabeth, married John Douglas (1303-1350), son of James, Lord Douglas, and the estate went to them during the reign of David II of Scotland (1324-1371). In their charter the name 'Herbertshire' is first found. John Douglas was killed by order of Sir David Barclay of Brechin some time before Shrove Tuesday in 1350. In 1369 the estate was in the hands of Archibald, Earl Douglas, and when his son, William, Lord of Nithsdale, married a daughter of King Robert II the lands were gifted to them.Their daughter Egidia, married Henry Sinclair, Earl of Orkney and Lord of Rosslyn, and the estate passed to that couple in 1407. During the period of Sinclair ownership the castle was built. A charter of 1474 mentions the ‘lands and barony of Herbertshire with the castle and fortalice thereof’, the first reference to a castle on the site. The estate was bought by Alexander Livingstone, 1st Earl of Linlithgow in 1608. He then sold it to John Stirling, son of William Stirling of Achyle, in 1632. He was succeeded by William Stirling of Herbertshire (on record in the 1660s), George Stirling of Herbertshire (on record in the 1690s), and John Stirling of Herbertshire (d.1754). In 1768 his daughter Jean Stirling (1719–1797), wife of James Erskine, Lord Alva, sold the estate to William Morehead (1737–1793) a founder of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.The castle remained in the Morehead family for two or more generations, until sold by another William Morehead in 1835 to William Forbes 2nd of Callendar, Conservative MP for Stirlingshire and son of William Forbes of Callendar, who had made his fortune from copper-bottoming ships for the Royal Navy. The castle remained in the Forbes family for the rest of its existence. For a period in the late nineteenth century it was a boarding school, but it later returned to use as a residence for the Forbes family. The Castle suffered a tragic and catastrophic fire on 20 December 1914. The fire started before 5am, when the household was sound asleep. Most of the twenty-four occupants escaped. These included Mr and Mrs Charles William Forbes (4th of Callendar), the four Forbes daughters (Louise, Agnes, Margaret and Marion, aged 10 to 16) - after a dramatic rescue from the turret by ladder - and two maids who leaped across a 22-foot gap to an adjoining roof. However, three people died. Two of them were young guests, the sisters Cynthia Graham (14 years old) and Clare Graham (whose 16th birthday it was), visiting from nearby Airthrey Castle; their beautiful tomb can be found at Old Logie Kirk. The third was Mrs Forbes's companion Rachel Littlejohn, the daughter of a distinguished Edinburgh professor. These three were occupying bedrooms on the top floors. No available ladder could reach them, and the windows were barred. Because of the castle's location on high ground, the blaze could be seen for many miles around. The castle, gutted by the fire, remained fittingly in ruins until its demolition in the 1950s.