Salem Avenue–Roanoke Automotive Commercial Historic District

Norfolk and Western 1218 is a preserved four-cylinder simple articulated 2-6-6-4 steam locomotive, built in June 1943 by the Norfolk and Western's (N&W) Roanoke (East End) Shops in Roanoke, Virginia as part of the N&W's class "A" fleet of fast freight locomotives. It was retired from regular revenue service in July 1959, and was later restored by Norfolk Southern for excursion service for their steam program, pulling excursions throughout the eastern United States from 1987 to 1991. It is currently on display at the Virginia Museum of Transportation in Roanoke, Virginia.

The Virginia Museum of Transportation (VMT) is a museum in Downtown Roanoke, Virginia, that is devoted to the topic of transportation.

Norfolk and Western Railway Freight Station is a historic freight depot located in the Melrose-Rugby neighborhood of Roanoke, Virginia. It encompasses 111 contributing buildings and 2 contributing objects in a planned residential subdivision, with most of the dwellings being built between the late 1910s and late 1940s. It is a primarily residential district with single-family dwellings. The houses include American Craftsman-style bungalow, American Foursquare, and Cape Cod style. The building houses the Virginia Museum of TransportationIt was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.

The Robert E. Lee Memorial was a monument commemorating Robert E. Lee, formerly installed in Roanoke, Virginia's Lee Plaza. The stone memorial was approximately 10 feet (3.0 m) tall, and was erected by the United Daughters of the Confederacy in the fall of 1960, just as the first two black students were enrolled in the all-white school system. The monument's erection coincided with the run up to the centennial of the Civil War in 1961. In June 2020, the Roanoke City Council voted to start the legal process to remove the monument and rename Lee Plaza after the July 1, 2020 date when a new state law did away with the prohibition against removing monuments to the Confederate States of America. On just before midnight July 22, 2020, the monument was found to be torn down and broken into two pieces. A 70-year-old man named William Foreman, who was caught vandalizing the monument the night before it was torn down, was arrested on July 24, 2020, and eventually pleaded guilty to a misdemeanor. Lee Plaza was renamed Lacks Plaza after Henrietta Lacks, an African-American woman whose cells are the source of the first immortalized human cell line, and who was born in Roanoke. A statue of Lacks was unveiled in the plaza on October 4, 2023. Evergreen Burial Park submitted a proposal to the Roanoke City Council, to relocate the monument to the burial park that was accepted by the council. The proposed location for the re-erecting the statue is at the east end of the park adjacent to the flagpole dedicated to the Space Shuttle Challenger Disaster.

A statue of Henrietta Lacks was installed in Roanoke, Virginia, in 2024. The artwork was designed by Bryce Cobbs and completed by Lawrence Bechtel.

Roanoke High School was the first public high school in Roanoke, Virginia. Located at 211-217 Church Ave. S.W., it opened on February 6, 1899. It closed in 1924, replaced by Jefferson High School, and became a school administration building. It was demolished in February 1968 and is now the site of the Noel C. Taylor Municipal Building.

The Roanoke City Health Center is a historic health care facility at 515 8th Street SW in Roanoke, Virginia. It is a modest single-story brick building in a U-shaped plan. It was built in 1951, and exemplifies trends of the period in the provision of health care to rural communities. It also exhibits features distinctive to the Jim Crow era of segregated facilities, as it was originally designed with separate areas for whites and African Americans.The building, now vacant, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016.

Campbell Avenue Complex, also known as the Trinkle Buildings, is a historic commercial block and national historic district located at Roanoke, Virginia. It encompasses five contributing buildings constructed between 1892 and 1909. The contiguous three-story buildings are constructed of brick over stone foundations. The buildings have a horizontal arrangement of windows above first-floor storefronts and include buildings representative of the Beaux Arts and Tudor Revival styles.It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.

Roanoke Warehouse Historic District, also known as 'Wholesale Row," is a national historic district located at Roanoke, Virginia. It encompasses five contributing buildings constructed between 1889 and 1902. All the buildings are constructed of brick, two-to-four stories in height and three-to-eleven bays in length. Two of the buildings have exceptional corbeled stepped gables in a Dutch-vernacular tradition. The buildings were erected for wholesale food storage.It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

The Salvation Army Citadel is a historic religious building in Roanoke, Virginia. Built in 1941 in the Colonial Revival style, the site was the headquarters for the Salvation Army's operations in Roanoke, including church services, social services, and outreach. After the church constructed a new primary location in 1980, the building served as the Red Shield Lodge, a men's homeless shelter, until closing in 2018. It was listed to the National Register of Historic Places in 2020, and reopened that year as an apartment building.

The Roanoke Downtown Historic District is a national historic district located in the Downtown Roanoke area of Roanoke, Virginia. It encompasses 122 contributing buildings. It includes a variety of commercial, institutional, social, and governmental buildings and structures from the late 19th century to the mid-20th century. Notable buildings include the Roanoke City Public Library, the YMCA Central Branch Building, First Christian Church (1925), the Central Church of the Brethren (1924), Tomnes Cawley Funeral Home (1928), Thomas B. Mason Building (1961), Peerless Candy Co. (c. 1916), City Hall / Municipal Building (1915), Roanoke Times Building (1892), Anchor Building / Shenandoah Building (1910), Greene Memorial Methodist Church (1890), and United States Post Office and Courthouse (1930). Located in the district are the separately listed Patrick Henry Hotel, Boxley Building, Campbell Avenue Complex Historic District, Colonial National Bank, and First National Bank.It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.

Southwest Historic District is a national historic district located at Roanoke, Virginia. It encompasses 1,547 contributing buildings constructed between 1882 and 1930 in the Roanoke neighborhoods of Old Southwest, Mountain View, and Hurt Park. It is a primarily residential district with houses in a variety of popular late-19th and early-20th century architectural styles. The district also includes a small number of commercial structures, churches, and two schools.It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.