Asby, Westmorland and Furness

Great Asby is a village in Cumbria, England. Historically part of Westmorland, it is located approximately 15 miles (24 km) south east of Penrith and approximately 5 miles (8.0 km) south of Appleby-in-Westmorland. Its name is said to be derived from the Old Norse: askr, meaning ash and by, meaning farm. In present times the village is used mainly by the farming community. The village's church is St Peter's Church, which was built between 1863 and 1866.

Pate Hole is a solutional cave located adjacent to Asby Gill 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) south of Great Asby in Cumbria, England. It is 970 metres (3,180 ft) long and has a vertical range of 33 metres (108 ft). The entrance is normally dry, but in flood it becomes an impressive resurgence. Its name derives from the north country word for badger. It consists of three main passages. From the entrance a stooping height passage heading south-east reaches a large 6 metres (20 ft) deep pool after 330 metres (1,080 ft) from which a stream emerges. This flows down a low passage to the north for some 270 metres (890 ft) where a sump is reached. The third main passage continues south underwater from the pool for 225 metres (738 ft) at a depth of 27 metres (89 ft) where it reaches a junction and becomes too restricted. The cave is formed in Carboniferous limestone, and is thought to drain the Great Asby Scar area 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the south-west. The resurgence is presumed to be St. Thomas's Well in Great Asby. The main part of the cave has been known for a long time, and it was an object of curiosity in the nineteenth century. A brief foray into it was described in The Gentleman's Magazine in 1791, and a description appeared in The Monthly Magazine in 1802. The first full description complete with passage lengths appeared in 1813. The first account of an exploration by cavers was in 1941 by members of the Yorkshire Ramblers' Club, and in November 1946 it was surveyed by a group from Appleby Grammar School led by Brian Price. The upstream sump was first dived for about 10 metres (33 ft) to a descending rift in 1960 by members of the Cave Diving Group, at which time the main part of the cave was re-surveyed by Warburton et alia. Further exploration took place in 1975-1976 by members of the same group to reach the current limit.

The Settle–Carlisle line (also known as the Settle and Carlisle (S&C)) is a 73-mile-long (117 km) main railway line in northern England. The route, which crosses the remote, scenic regions of the Yorkshire Dales and the North Pennines, runs between Settle Junction, on the Leeds–Morecambe line, and Carlisle, near the English-Scottish borders. The historic line was constructed in the 1870s and has several notable tunnels and viaducts such as the imposing Ribblehead. The line is managed by Network Rail. All passenger services are operated by Northern apart from temporary diverted services (due to closures of the West Coast Main Line) and are part of the National Rail network. Stations serve towns such as Settle in North Yorkshire, Appleby-in-Westmorland in Cumbria and small rural communities along its route. In the 1980s, British Rail planned to close the Settle–Carlisle line. This prompted a campaign to save the line by rail groups, enthusiasts, local authorities and residents along the route. In 1989, the UK government announced the line would be saved from closure. Since then, passenger numbers have grown steadily to 1.2 million in 2012. Eight formerly closed stations have been reopened and several quarries have been reconnected to the line. It remains one of the most popular railway routes in the UK for charter trains and specials. After damage by a landslip, part of the line was closed from February 2016 to March 2017. To celebrate the reopening, the first regular mainline scheduled service in England for nearly half a century ran with a steam engine.

Rutter Force is a 30-foot (9.1 m) high horseshoe-shaped waterfall in the English county of Cumbria. Rutter Mill, a former watermill, and Rutter Mill Ford are adjacent to the falls. The falls lie on the Hoff Beck, which forms the boundary between the civil parishes of Hoff and Ormside and is a tributary of the River Eden. Although not actually in Yorkshire, the falls are in the far north-west corner of the designated area of the Yorkshire Dales National Park. The falls are just 2 miles (3.2 km) south of the town of Appleby-in-Westmorland, and can be easily reached from there on foot or by car. The footpath route follows the last section of the Dales High Way, a 90-mile (140 km) long-distance footpath that runs from Saltaire, in West Yorkshire, to Appleby. Car parking is available by the ford, and a bridge provides a dry crossing for pedestrians. Rutter Mill was first documented in 1579, when it was a corn mill using the head of water from the waterfall to power a waterwheel. When the repeal of the Corn Laws made corn milling unprofitable, it was converted to serve as a bobbin mill, and later a sawmill. From 1928 to 1952, the head of water was used to drive a turbine to generate electricity for the village of Great Asby. The original waterwheel was removed in 1940, but replaced with a replica in 1991. The mill is now used as holiday accommodation.

Ormside railway station was a station at Ormside, England, on the Midland Railway Settle-Carlisle Line. It was located 33+1⁄4 miles (53.5 km) south of Carlisle.

Drybeck is a hamlet in the civil parish of Hoff, located in the Westmorland and Furness district of Cumbria, England. It is near the town of Appleby-in-Westmorland. It is on Dry Beck and has a hall called Drybeck Hall, there is also a Moor called Drybeck Moor. Circa 1870, it had a population of 87 as recorded in the Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales. There is no Church of England parish church in the civil parish of Hoff. Like the rest of the civil parish, Drybeck is within the ecclesiastical parish of Appleby St Lawrence.

Great Ormside is a small village in the parish of Ormside, in the Westmorland and Furness district, in the English county of Cumbria. It is a few miles away from the small town of Appleby-in-Westmorland. It is near the River Eden. There is also the smaller neighbouring hamlet of Little Ormside. It also has a church called St. James's Church. Close to the church in Great Ormside is Ormside Hall, 17th-century house which incorporates the remains of a late 14th- or early 15th-century tower house.

Little Ormside is a hamlet in the parish of Ormside, in the Westmorland and Furness District, in the English county of Cumbria.

St James' Church is in the village of Great Ormside, Cumbria, England. It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Appleby, the archdeaconry of Carlisle, and the diocese of Carlisle. The parish is united with nine other parishes and thirteen places of worship to form the Heart of Eden benefice. The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building. It stands on top of a circular mound overlooking the River Eden.

Ormside is a civil parish in Westmorland and Furness, Cumbria, England, which includes the village of Great Ormside and the hamlet of Little Ormside. It had a population of 133 in 2001, increasing to 167 at the 2011 Census. In the west of the parish, where the Hoff Beck forms its boundary with the parish of Hoff is Rutter Force, a 30-foot (9.1 m) high waterfall.

Hoff is a hamlet and civil parish in the unitary authority area of Westmorland and Furness and the ceremonial county of Cumbria, in England. The hamlet of Hoff lies some 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) south-west of the town of Appleby-in-Westmorland. It consists of a number of a number of houses and a pub, The New Inn, which re-opened in 2011 after a number of years of closure. There is also a postbox and, formerly, a pioneering solar-powered lamppost. The name Hoff originates from old Norse and means 'a heathen sanctuary or temple'. The civil parish of Hoff includes, as well as Hoff itself, the hamlets of Drybeck and Burrells. At the 2001 census the parish had a population of 189, decreasing to 164 at the 2011 Census. There is no Church of England parish church in either the hamlet or civil parish of Hoff. Both are within the ecclesiastical parish of Appleby St Lawrence. Hoff Beck forms on the southern border of the parish, with the confluence of Scale Beck and Asby Beck, and flows through both parish and hamlet. Between the confluence and Hoff hamlet, the beck flows over Rutter Force, a 30-foot (9.1 m) high waterfall.