Drybeck

Rutter Force is a 30-foot (9.1 m) high horseshoe-shaped waterfall in the English county of Cumbria. Rutter Mill, a former watermill, and Rutter Mill Ford are adjacent to the falls. The falls lie on the Hoff Beck, which forms the boundary between the civil parishes of Hoff and Ormside and is a tributary of the River Eden. Although not actually in Yorkshire, the falls are in the far north-west corner of the designated area of the Yorkshire Dales National Park. The falls are just 2 miles (3.2 km) south of the town of Appleby-in-Westmorland, and can be easily reached from there on foot or by car. The footpath route follows the last section of the Dales High Way, a 90-mile (140 km) long-distance footpath that runs from Saltaire, in West Yorkshire, to Appleby. Car parking is available by the ford, and a bridge provides a dry crossing for pedestrians. Rutter Mill was first documented in 1579, when it was a corn mill using the head of water from the waterfall to power a waterwheel. When the repeal of the Corn Laws made corn milling unprofitable, it was converted to serve as a bobbin mill, and later a sawmill. From 1928 to 1952, the head of water was used to drive a turbine to generate electricity for the village of Great Asby. The original waterwheel was removed in 1940, but replaced with a replica in 1991. The mill is now used as holiday accommodation.

Hoff is a hamlet and civil parish in the unitary authority area of Westmorland and Furness and the ceremonial county of Cumbria, in England. The hamlet of Hoff lies some 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) south-west of the town of Appleby-in-Westmorland. It consists of a number of a number of houses and a pub, The New Inn, which re-opened in 2011 after a number of years of closure. There is also a postbox and, formerly, a pioneering solar-powered lamppost. The name Hoff originates from old Norse and means 'a heathen sanctuary or temple'. The civil parish of Hoff includes, as well as Hoff itself, the hamlets of Drybeck and Burrells. At the 2001 census the parish had a population of 189, decreasing to 164 at the 2011 Census. There is no Church of England parish church in either the hamlet or civil parish of Hoff. Both are within the ecclesiastical parish of Appleby St Lawrence. Hoff Beck forms on the southern border of the parish, with the confluence of Scale Beck and Asby Beck, and flows through both parish and hamlet. Between the confluence and Hoff hamlet, the beck flows over Rutter Force, a 30-foot (9.1 m) high waterfall.

Great Asby is a village in Cumbria, England. Historically part of Westmorland, it is located approximately 15 miles (24 km) south east of Penrith and approximately 5 miles (8.0 km) south of Appleby-in-Westmorland. Its name is said to be derived from the Old Norse: askr, meaning ash and by, meaning farm. In present times the village is used mainly by the farming community. The village's church is St Peter's Church, which was built between 1863 and 1866.

Burrells is a hamlet in the civil parish of Hoff, in the Westmorland and Furness district of the ceremonial county of Cumbria, England, located just south of Appleby-in-Westmorland on the B6260. Historically a township in the Parish of Appleby in Westmorland, the hamlet contains both the Grade II listed Burrells House (early 19th century), as well as its Grade II listed barn, rebuilt in 1818. The now disused Hoff Quarry was an important local source of stone known geologically as Brockram, a breccia of cemented limestone and sandstone fragments dating from the Permian period. From 1974 to 2023, Burrells was in the Eden district, before the Eden District Council was abolished and its functions transferred to Westmorland and Furness. There is no Church of England parish church in the civil parish of Hoff. Like the rest of the civil parish, Burrells is within the ecclesiastical parish of Appleby St Lawrence.

Pate Hole is a solutional cave located adjacent to Asby Gill 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) south of Great Asby in Cumbria, England. It is 970 metres (3,180 ft) long and has a vertical range of 33 metres (108 ft). The entrance is normally dry, but in flood it becomes an impressive resurgence. Its name derives from the north country word for badger. It consists of three main passages. From the entrance a stooping height passage heading south-east reaches a large 6 metres (20 ft) deep pool after 330 metres (1,080 ft) from which a stream emerges. This flows down a low passage to the north for some 270 metres (890 ft) where a sump is reached. The third main passage continues south underwater from the pool for 225 metres (738 ft) at a depth of 27 metres (89 ft) where it reaches a junction and becomes too restricted. The cave is formed in Carboniferous limestone, and is thought to drain the Great Asby Scar area 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the south-west. The resurgence is presumed to be St. Thomas's Well in Great Asby. The main part of the cave has been known for a long time, and it was an object of curiosity in the nineteenth century. A brief foray into it was described in The Gentleman's Magazine in 1791, and a description appeared in The Monthly Magazine in 1802. The first full description complete with passage lengths appeared in 1813. The first account of an exploration by cavers was in 1941 by members of the Yorkshire Ramblers' Club, and in November 1946 it was surveyed by a group from Appleby Grammar School led by Brian Price. The upstream sump was first dived for about 10 metres (33 ft) to a descending rift in 1960 by members of the Cave Diving Group, at which time the main part of the cave was re-surveyed by Warburton et alia. Further exploration took place in 1975-1976 by members of the same group to reach the current limit.

Asby is a civil parish in the Westmorland and Furness district of Cumbria, England. Historically part of Westmorland, it includes the villages of Great Asby and Little Asby. According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 280, and this had increased to 309 at the 2011 Census.

Colby is a village and civil parish in the Eden district of the English county of Cumbria. It is near the village of Bolton to the north and the town of Appleby-in-Westmorland to the east. At the 2001 census the parish had a population of 120, increasing to 129 at the 2011 Census.

Ormside railway station was a station at Ormside, England, on the Midland Railway Settle-Carlisle Line. It was located 33+1⁄4 miles (53.5 km) south of Carlisle.

Appleby Castle is in the town of Appleby-in-Westmorland overlooking the River Eden (grid reference NY685200). It consists of a 12th-century castle keep which is known as Caesar's Tower, and a mansion house. These, together with their associated buildings, are set in a courtyard surrounded by curtain walls. Caesar's Tower and the mansion house are each recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building. The uninhabited parts of the castle are a scheduled ancient monument.

The Moot Hall is a municipal building in Boroughgate, Appleby-in-Westmorland, Cumbria, England. The building, which is currently used as the meeting place of Appleby-in-Westmorland Town Council, is a Grade II* listed building.

St Lawrence's Church is in Boroughgate, Appleby-in-Westmorland, Cumbria, England. It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Appleby, the archdeaconry of Carlisle, and the diocese of Carlisle. Sunday worship is at 10.45am and on Fridays at 10am. The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building. The ecclesiastical parish of Appleby St Lawrence covers the town of Appleby, together with a large surrounding area, including the civil parishes of Hoff, Colby, Crackenthorpe and Murton. It is one of ten parishes which form the Heart of Eden benefice.

The Barony of Westmorland (medieval Westmarieland or Westmaringaland) also known as North Westmorland, the Barony of Appleby, Appleshire or the Bottom of Westmorland, was one of two baronies making up the English historical county of Westmorland, the other being the Barony of Kendal. Both of them evolved from medieval feudal baronies. Geographically, the barony covered the northern part of the larger county of the same name, and was divided into two wards – East Ward and West Ward. It covered an area similar to that of the former Eden District of the new county of Cumbria, although it did not include Penrith, which was the administrative capital of the district. While the Barony of Westmorland is part of the historic County of Westmorland, the latter covers a wider area. To avoid confusion, the barony has often been known by alternative names, including North Westmorland and names based on its largest town, Appleby, including the Barony of Appleby and Appleshire. It was also referred to as the Bottom of Westmorland because it is mostly made up of the low ground of the valley of the River Eden, surrounded by hills and mountains. The barony has survived in various forms into modern times, but originated as a feudal barony, granted in 1203 or 1204 to Robert I de Vipont (or Vieuxpont, or Veteripont), for the service of four knight's fees. Earlier, in the 12th century, the lands from which the barony of Appleby were formed were controlled by the feudal baron of Burgh-by-Sands, Cumberland, of which the first recorded holder was Robert de Trevers, in the time of Henry I of England (1100–1135). The county named Westmorland thus formed out of two feudal barony, including one with the same name, in several steps in the generations after the English permanently captured this territory in competition with Scotland. At first it appears that the "Barons" of Kendal were actually tenants of the lord who possessed north Westmorland at the time. But King Richard I of England, on 15 April 1190, acquitted the then Baron of Kendal, Gilbert fitz Reinfrid, of his dues to northern Westmorland. According to J.F. Curwen: By these grants of the same date Gilbert fitz Roger fitz Reinfrid was endowed with full baronial status throughout Kentdale and the outlying members, including the manor of Morland and a considerable part of Barton. His service to the crown for the same being definitely fixed at the service of two knights. Thus the Barony of Appleby was created some thirteen years after the Barony of Kentdale. As mentioned above, it was 13 years later in 1203 that the barony of Westmorland was granted for 4 knight's fees. The division of Westmorland into two administrative wards, east and west, was much later, and as in other parts of England, large parishes split into smaller one over time also. However a rough list of old parishes corresponding to the two wards is as follows: East Ward: Appleby, Asby, Brough under Stainmore, Crosby Garrett, Dufton, Kirkby Stephen, Kirkby Thore, Long Marton, Great Musgrave, Newbiggin-on-Lune, Ormside (once "Ormshead" or "Ormesheved"), Orton (once "Overton"), "Ravenstonedale", "Warcop". West Ward: Askham, Cumbria, Barton St Michael, Brougham, Clifton, Cliburn, Crosby Ravensworth, Lowther, Morland, Shap (sometimes spelled as "Hepp" in old documents).