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Campo Marzio

Lazio geography stubsRioni of RomeRome R. IV Campo Marzio
Campo Marzio piazza Borghese 1080146
Campo Marzio piazza Borghese 1080146

Campo Marzio (Italian pronunciation: [ˈkampo ˈmartsjo]) is the 4th rione of Rome, identified by the initials R. IV. It belongs to the Municipio I and covers a smaller section of the area of the ancient Campus Martius. The logo of this rione is a silver crescent on a blue background.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Campo Marzio (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Campo Marzio
Via del Banco di Santo Spirito, Rome Municipio Roma I

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Wikipedia: Campo MarzioContinue reading on Wikipedia

Geographical coordinates (GPS)

Latitude Longitude
N 41.9 ° E 12.466666666667 °
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Address

Via del Banco di Santo Spirito

Via del Banco di Santo Spirito
00193 Rome, Municipio Roma I
Lazio, Italy
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Campo Marzio piazza Borghese 1080146
Campo Marzio piazza Borghese 1080146
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Monument to Terenzio Mamiani, Rome
Monument to Terenzio Mamiani, Rome

The Monument to Terenzio Mamiani della Rovere is a memorial statue to an 18th-century patriot and statesman, located alongside the Corso Vittorio Emanuele II at a small piazza along Via degli Acciaioli. Mamiani (1799–1885) was in life a liberal Catholic, and posthumously acknowledged as having been a free-mason: his service as both minister in the Papal States and under the Kingdom of Sardinia, later Senator in the Kingdom of Italy bridged contentious or warring factions. The City Council of Rome approved the construction of the statue, at a cost of 10,000 lire, on 25 May 1885, four days after his death. In 1889, it was decided to place the statue in the Piazza Sforza Cesarini, some four blocks southeast of the present position, alongside the Corso. The design of a monument by Mauro Benini was chosen by a committee led by the sculptor and council-member Ettore Ferrari. The ultimate cost was over 20,000 lire and paid out in various installments: 3000 lire paid for the initial design paid to Benini 4000 lire paid for a clay-plaster model 5000 lire paid for completion of the statue 7000 lire paid for the completion of the monument in situ 1000 lire for complete assemblyThe statue was inaugurated on 2 March 1893, in a ceremony attended by Terenzio's widow, Angela Mamiani della Rovere. During his life, Terenzio had published a work examining and praising of Nicola Spedalieri's opus Il Diritti dell'Uomo. Thus perhaps it is ironic that by 1927, another council in Rome decided to move Spedalieri's statue and monument from a busy street-piazza lot between the Palazzo Vidoni and Sant'Andrea della Valle, and place it in Piazza Sforza Cesarini, dislocating Terenzio to his present spot along Via degli Acciaioli. The statue in Carrara marble depicts the elder gaunt Terenzio, seated but alert and leaning forward, with a quill pen in his right hand, and a book in his left hand.

Porta Aurelia-Sancti Petri
Porta Aurelia-Sancti Petri

The Porta Aurelia-Sancti Petri was one of the gates of the Aurelian walls in Rome (Italy). It was originally called the Porta Cornelia. The Porta Cornelia was immediately west of the bridgehead of the Pons Aelius, the current Ponte Sant'Angelo. This is where the Via Cornelia began, from which the gate took its name. In the first centuries AD this was not an important road, but that changed with the rise of Christianity. Constantine the Great had Old St. Peter's Basilica built in the 4th century, over the Roman and Christian necropolis on Via Cornelia. Between 270 and 280 the great Aurelian Walls were built around Rome. The Vatican Hill was only sparsely populated and remained outside the wall. The Basilica and this northern entrance to Rome, however, had to be able to be defended, and between 401 and 403 the Emperor Honorius had the Mausoleum of Hadrian converted into the Castel Sant'Angelo. The Porta Cornelia was built into the defensive walls of the Castle and gave access to the Vatican from the city. The gate was demolished after the Middle Ages. It is no longer known what exactly it looked like. The gate was also known as Porta Aurelia Sancti-Petri because the important Via Aurelia could also be reached by this gate and Via Cornelia. However, there was already a Porta Aurelia on the Janiculum (today's Porta San Pancrazio} and the addition of Sancti Petri ("at St. Peter's") is therefore intended to distinguish between the two gates.

Monument to Nicola Spedalieri
Monument to Nicola Spedalieri

The Monument to Nicola Spedalieri is a memorial statue to an 18th-century priest and political theorist (140–1795); the statue was installed in 1903 at the Piazza Forza Cesarini along the Corso Vittorio Emanuele II in central Rome, Italy. Spedalieri and his ideas, and thus the monument, have been variously disputed or celebrated by different factions. Spedalieri's most famous work, De' diritti dell'Uomo (1791), had a mixed reception. Written as a critique of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen approved by the French National Assembly in 1789, Spedalieri supports the idea of natural rights of man, and opposes a tyrannical law imposed by rulers claiming a divine anointment. However, he claims that the selfish desires of human nature need to be tempered by religious authority, specifically Roman Catholic morality. The anti-absolutist ideas in his writings stirred opposition from ruling authorities battling the rising Jacobin and republican forces. These notions led liberal forces of the 19th century to honor him as the origin of an Italian enlightenment about the rights of citizens. By the late 19th century, Rome, the new capital of the Italian Kingdom, was seeking to memorialize the past in ways that celebrated their political beliefs, but also the struggles for an Italian identity. The Corso had been widened and flanking areas embellished with a number of memorials to both recent heroes of the Italian independence, but also to historical opponents of the forces hindering an Italian identity, for example, Giordano Bruno's monument at Campo di Fiori. Spedalieri was an awkward figure to defend by Liberals, since he had also been supported and supportive in his day of the Papacy. This monument was first proposed in 1882 by the lawyer Giuseppe Cimbali, a native from the same town in Sicily where Spedalieri was born. In 1893 a committee was established to supervise a contest to erect a monument by the centennial of Spedialeri's death. None of the proposals received by 1894 were approved. A second round of proposals the next year led to the selection of the design by Sicilia sculptor Mario Rutelli. The site and inauguration of the monument were controversial, and the monument was first unveiled, without ceremony, in Piazza Vidoni (alongside the church of Sant'Andrea della Valle) in the middle of the night of 23 November 1903. In 1951, because of the busy location, the statue was moved to the present Piazza, where it replaced the Monument to Terenzio Mamiani, which was then moved about four blocks north to a park at the intersection of the Corso and Via Acciaioli. Paradoxically Mamiani had written scholarly reassessments of Spedialeri's works that kept the latter's influence current.The monument is a bronze statue on a pedestal. Spedalieri stands with this opus of Diritti dell'uomo in his left hand. His vestments are not ecclesiastical. Below, on the pedestal is a wreath with the Trinacria, a symbol of Sicily, surrounded by palm leaves. The 1903 inscription reads that the new Italy memorializes Spedalieri.