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Birkenkopf

Baden-Württemberg geography stubsGeography of StuttgartGermany in World War IIMountains and hills of Baden-WürttembergPages including recorded pronunciations
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Birkenkopf 1
Birkenkopf 1

The Birkenkopf (German: [ˈbɪʁkŋ̍kɔpf] ) is a prominent hill in Stuttgart, Germany. At an elevation of 511m, is almost 260m higher than city centre. It is in part a Schuttberg, an artificial hill built from the ruins and rubble from World War II. During the war, 53 Allied bombing missions destroyed over 45% of Stuttgart, and nearly the entire city center. Between 1953 and 1957, 1.5 million cubic meters of rubble were cleared and moved to the hill, which resulted in an increase in height of around 40 meters. At the summit there are many recognizable facades from ruined buildings. The locals colloquially call the Birkenkopf "Monte Scherbelino", which roughly translates as "Mount Shards" but in an expression alluding to Italian. One of the pieces of rubble has a plaque attached to it, which says: Dieser Berg nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg aufgetürmt aus den Trümmern der Stadt steht den Opfern zum Gedächtnis den Lebenden zur Mahnung. This translates roughly as: This mountain, after World War II piled up from the ruins of the city, stands as a memorial to the victims and a reminder to the living. From the summit the whole city center can be seen, and on a clear day the view extends to the Swabian Alb, to the Black Forest, and the lowlands of Württemberg. On the summit there is a steel cross, which in 2003 replaced the original 1953 wooden cross. In the summer, early morning services are held here on Sundays.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Birkenkopf (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Birkenkopf
Birkenkopf, Stuttgart Kräherwald (Stuttgart-West)

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Latitude Longitude
N 48.765277777778 ° E 9.1316666666667 °
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Mahnmal Birkenkopf

Birkenkopf
70197 Stuttgart, Kräherwald (Stuttgart-West)
Baden-Württemberg, Germany
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Verbindungsbahn (Stuttgart)
Verbindungsbahn (Stuttgart)

The name Verbindungsbahn (German for connection line) is used in Stuttgart to describe the railway line between the subterranean S-Bahn Stuttgart station at Stuttgart Hauptbahnhof and the tunnel exit at the station in Stuttgart-Österfeld, which connects, via tunnel, the Stuttgart valley and the Filder plateau. The term originates from the planning stages in the 1960s, when similar projects for the S-Bahn München and S-Bahn Rhein-Main were referred to with the same term. With a length of 8.788 km, the tunnel is the longest S-Bahn tunnel in Germany, and was the longest railway tunnel of any kind in Germany from 1985 until 1988, when the Landrückentunnel was opened for service. The tunnel is made up of two sections: the 2.6 km long section from Stuttgart Hbf to the station at Schwabstrasse, and the 5.5 km long Hasenberg tunnel, which ascends to the Filder plateau. As part of the project Stuttgart 21, the tunnel is scheduled to be extended by new underground construction, such as the new Rosenstein tunnel. The first section of the tunnel was constructed between 1971 and 1978, mostly utilizing the cut-and-cover method of construction; only at the terminal loop and a short piece between the Hauptbahnhof and city center was the mining/boring technique of construction used. The second section, constructed between 1981 and 1985, utilized the mining method, with the exception of the station at the University of Stuttgart.