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African Burial Ground National Monument

2006 establishments in New York CityAfrican-American cemeteriesAfrican-American history in New York CityAfrican-American monuments and memorialsAfrican-American museums in New York City
Archaeological sites in New York CityCemeteries in ManhattanCemeteries on the National Register of Historic Places in ManhattanCivic Center, ManhattanFive Points, ManhattanHistory museums in New York CityHistory of New York CityMonuments and memorials in ManhattanMonuments and memorials to victims of slavery in the United StatesMuseums in ManhattanNational Historic Landmarks in ManhattanNational Park Service National Monuments in New York CityProtected areas established in 2006Tourist attractions in Manhattan
African Burial Ground
African Burial Ground

African Burial Ground National Monument is a monument at Duane Street and African Burial Ground Way (Elk Street) in the Civic Center section of Lower Manhattan, New York City. Its main building is the Ted Weiss Federal Building at 290 Broadway. The site contains the remains of more than 419 Africans buried during the late 17th and 18th centuries in a portion of what was the largest colonial-era cemetery for people of African descent, some free, most enslaved. Historians estimate there may have been as many as 10,000–20,000 burials in what was called the Negroes Burial Ground in the 1700s. The five to six acre site's excavation and study was called "the most important historic urban archaeological project in the United States." The Burial Ground site is New York's earliest known African-American cemetery; studies show an estimated 15,000 African American people were buried here.The discovery highlighted the forgotten history of enslaved Africans in colonial and federal New York City, who were integral to its development. By the American Revolutionary War, they constituted nearly a quarter of the population in the city. New York had the second-largest number of enslaved Africans in the nation after Charleston, South Carolina. Scholars and African-American civic activists joined to publicize the importance of the site and lobby for its preservation. The site was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1993 and a national monument in 2006 by President George W. Bush. In 2003 Congress appropriated funds for a memorial at the site and directed redesign of the federal courthouse to allow for this. A design competition attracted more than 60 proposals. The memorial was dedicated in 2007 to commemorate the role of Africans and African Americans in colonial and federal New York City, and in United States history. Several pieces of public art were also commissioned for the site. A visitor center opened in 2010 to provide interpretation of the site and African-American history in New York.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article African Burial Ground National Monument (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

African Burial Ground National Monument
Duane Street, New York Manhattan

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N 40.714444444444 ° E -74.004444444444 °
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African Burial Ground National Monument

Duane Street
10013 New York, Manhattan
New York, United States
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African Burial Ground
African Burial Ground
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Surrogate's Courthouse
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The Surrogate's Courthouse (also the Hall of Records and 31 Chambers Street) is a historic building at the northwest corner of Chambers and Centre Streets in the Civic Center of Manhattan in New York City. Completed in 1907, it was designed in the Beaux Arts style. John Rochester Thomas created the original plans while Arthur J. Horgan and Vincent J. Slattery oversaw the building's completion. The building faces City Hall Park and the Tweed Courthouse to the south and the Manhattan Municipal Building to the east. The Surrogate's Courthouse is a seven-story, steel-framed structure with a granite facade and elaborate marble interiors. The fireproof frame was designed to safely accommodate the city's paper records. The exterior is decorated with 54 sculptures by Philip Martiny and Henry Kirke Bush-Brown, as well as a three-story Corinthian order colonnade on Chambers and Reade Streets. The basement houses the New York City Municipal Archives. The fifth floor contains the New York Surrogate's Court for New York County, which handles probate and estate proceedings for the New York State Unified Court System. The Hall of Records building had been planned since the late 19th century to replace an outdated building in City Hall Park; plans for the current building were approved in 1897. Construction took place between 1899 and 1907, having been subject to several delays because of controversies over funding, sculptures, and Horgan and Slattery's involvement after Thomas's death in 1901. Renamed the Surrogate's Courthouse in 1962, the building has undergone few alterations over the years. The Surrogate's Courthouse is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as a National Historic Landmark, and its facade and interior are both New York City designated landmarks.

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49 Chambers
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Washington Hall (New York City)
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Washington Hall (1809-1844) was a red brick building designed by John McComb Jr. located at the southeast corner of Broadway and Reade Street. It was built from 1809 to 1812 on the site of the African Burial Ground in what is now the Civic Center of Lower Manhattan in New York City. During its history, it served as a hotel, banquet hall, and restaurant at various times. It was originally owned by Dutch-American merchant John Gerard Coster. It served as an early meeting place and headquarters for the Washington Benevolent Society, a semi-secret association that was an electoral arm of the Federalist Party. On September 20, 1824, it was the site of a banquet for the Marquis de Lafayette as part of his 1824-1825 tour of the United States. In May 1826, Samuel Akerly gave an address here concerning the education of the students at the New York Institution for the Deaf and Dumb, which also served as a fundraiser for the school.In 1835, it was the location of the first meeting of the Saint Nicholas Society, which was founded by Washington Irving.Washington Hall became less prominent during the mid-19th century, as the oyster bar in its basement became more important than the hotel itself. The hotel burned down in July 1844 and Coster, the owner died the following month, at which point his heirs sold the property to A.T. Stewart. Stewart, in turn, would replace the ruins of Washington Hall with the original section of the A.T. Stewart Dry Goods Store, which, as of 2023, still stands to this day.