Perthus Tunnel

The Col du Perthus (in Catalan: Coll de Pertús) is a mountain pass of the Pyrenees on the France–Spain border, between the Pyrénées-Orientales in Languedoc-Roussillon, Midi-Pyrénées and the Province of Girona in Catalonia. Rising to an altitude of 290 metres (950 ft), it is one of the lowest border passes in the Pyrenees. It marks the western boundary of the Albera Massif. The village of Le Perthus was founded at the col in 1836. The location is the subject of a noted engraving by Gustave Doré, reproduced in Doré’s Spain.

Le Perthus (French: [lə pɛʁtys] , Catalan: El Pertús, IPA: [əl pəɾˈtus]) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Orientales department in southern France. Natives of Le Perthus are called Perthusiens and, in 2016, there were 586 inhabitants. Le Perthus is also one of French territories on the Iberian Peninsula.

Els Límits (Catalan pronunciation: [əlz ˈlimits]) is a Spanish village, a civil parish of the municipality of La Jonquera, situated in the province of Girona, Catalonia, in Spain. As of 2005 its population was of 115. Its Spanish name is Los Límites.

Le Perthus Pyramid (French: la pyramide du Perthus), also referred to as Marca Hispanica and locally as Bofill's Pyramid, is a work of landscape architecture designed by Ricardo Bofill Taller de Arquitectura at Le Perthus, France. It is located on the side of the A9 motorway, just north of the France–Spain border at the Col du Perthus, which it was built to mark symbolically. It was designed in 1974 and completed in 1976.: 256–257 

The Fort de Bellegarde (Fort or Castell de Bellaguarda / Bellaguàrdia in Catalan) is a 17th-century bastion fortification located above the town of Le Perthus, in the Pyrénées-Orientales département of southern France.

The siege of Bellegarde commenced on 23 May 1793 and ended on 24 June 1793 when Colonel Boisbrulé's French garrison surrendered the Fort de Bellegarde to a Spanish army under the command of Antonio Ricardos. The capture of the fort gave Spain control of an important road through the Pyrenees. The siege took place during the War of the Pyrenees, part of the French Revolutionary Wars. Fort de Bellegarde is on a height overlooking the border town of Le Perthus, which lies on the modern A9 autoroute and Autovía A-7.

The Battle of the Col de Panissars was fought on 30 September and 1 October 1285 between the forces of Philip III of France and Peter III of Aragon. It was a severe defeat for the French, who were already retiring over the Pyrenees when the Aragonese fell on them. It was the last battle of the Aragonese Crusade, a papally-sanctioned war on behalf of Charles of Valois to secure the Aragonese throne from the excommunicated king Peter III, who had conquered Sicily against papal interests. The battle followed on the heels of the naval victory at Les Formigues on 4 September.

L'Albère (Catalan: L'Albera) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Orientales department in southern France.

Les Cluses (French pronunciation: [le klyz] ) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Orientales department in southern France.

The Autovía A-7 (also called Autovia del Mediterráneo) is a Spanish autovía (toll-free limited-access highway) which starts in La Jonquera, near the French frontier and ends in Algeciras. It was finally finished in late 2015 upon completion of sections west of Almeria and around Motril, is a free alternate route to the tolled Autopista AP-7, and is the longest national motorway in Europe.

The European route E15 is part of the United Nations international E-road network. It is a north–south "reference road", running from Inverness, Scotland south through England and France to Algeciras, Spain. Along most of its route between Paris and London, the road parallels the LGV Nord (as the French A1 autoroute) and High Speed 1 (as the English M20 motorway). Its length is 2,300 miles (3,700 km).

The Autopista AP-7 (also called Autopista del Mediterráneo) (Catalan: Autopista de la Mediterrània) is a Spanish autopista (controlled-access highway). It runs along the Mediterranean coast of Spain. AP-7 has two different sections (911+96 km): From Els Límits (in La Jonquera municipality) to Vera: 911 km long. Main cities passed: Figueres Girona Sabadell Barcelona Tarragona Reus Salou Amposta Castelló de la Plana Sagunt Valencia Gandia Dénia Benidorm Alacant Elx Cartagena From Málaga to Guadiaro: 96 km long. Main cities passed: Torremolinos Benalmádena Fuengirola Marbella Estepona