Battle of Rutherford's Farm

The Third Battle of Winchester, also known as the Battle of Opequon or Battle of Opequon Creek, was an American Civil War battle fought near Winchester, Virginia, on September 19, 1864. Union Army Major General Philip Sheridan defeated Confederate Army Lieutenant General Jubal Early in one of the largest, bloodiest, and most important battles in the Shenandoah Valley. Among the 5,000 Union casualties were one general killed and three wounded. The casualty rate for the Confederates was high: about 4,000 of 15,500. Two Confederate generals were killed and four were wounded. Participants in the battle included two future presidents of the United States, two future governors of Virginia, a former vice president of the United States, and a colonel whose grandson, George S. Patton became a famous general in World War II. After learning that a large Confederate force loaned to Early left the area, Sheridan attacked Confederate positions along Opequon Creek near Winchester, Virginia. Sheridan used one cavalry division and two infantry corps to attack from the east, and two divisions of cavalry to attack from the north. A third infantry corps, led by Brigadier General George Crook, was held in reserve. After difficult fighting where Early made good use of the region's terrain on the east side of Winchester, Crook attacked Early's left flank with his infantry. This, in combination with the success of Union cavalry north of town, drove the Confederates back toward Winchester. A final attack by Union infantry and cavalry from the north and east caused the Confederates to retreat south through the streets of Winchester. Sustaining significant casualties and substantially outnumbered, Early retreated south on the Valley Pike to a more defendable position at Fisher's Hill. Sheridan considered Fisher's Hill to be a continuation of the September 19 battle, and followed Early up the pike where he defeated Early again. Both battles are part of Sheridan's Shenandoah Valley campaign that occurred in 1864 from August through October. After Sheridan's successes at Winchester and Fisher's Hill, Early's Army of the Valley suffered more defeats and was eliminated from the war in the Battle of Waynesboro, Virginia, on March 2, 1865.

Built by Confederate Lieutenant Collier and Virginia militia with the aid of Federal prisoners, the Fort Collier redoubt guarded the north entrance of Winchester, Virginia on the east side of the Martinsburg Pike. During later Federal occupations, it was known as Battery No. 10. The fort was set on low ground, and generally offered little military advantage, except as a guard post for the pike. LtGen Jubal Early used it as part of his defensive works in the Third Battle of Winchester.

Millbrook School is a high school located in Winchester, Virginia. The school is one of three high schools in the Frederick County Public School System. It is one of the newest schools in the area, having been established in 2003, intended to relieve overpopulation in nearby James Wood High School and Sherando High School.

Stephenson is an unincorporated community in Frederick County, Virginia. Stephenson is located on U.S. Route 11 north of Winchester. High Banks, a historic home and farm dating from the mid-18th century, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.

Welltown is an unincorporated community in northern Frederick County, Virginia, United States.

Douglas School, also known as the Douglas Community Learning Center, is a historic school for African-American students located at Winchester, Virginia. It is a central auditorium plan school built in 1927, with funds from the John Handley Endowment. It is a one-story, dark red brick building with a four columned, Classical Revival style entry. Additions to the building were made in 1940, 1951, and 1962. The school served as the only African-American school in the city until 1966, when it was closed after integration of the Winchester schools.Built in 1927 as a "separate but equal" school for African American students but converted to a community center in 1966 after desegregation; may have been named for Frederick Douglass, despite the spelling difference.It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.

Hopewell Friends Meeting House is an 18th-century Quaker meeting house located the northern Frederick County, Virginia one mile west of the community of Clear Brook at 604 Hopewell Road (formerly State Route 672). Clear Brook, VA 22624. This community was the home of Thomas William "Tom" Fox (1951–2006), a Quaker peace activist, affiliated with Christian Peacemaker Teams (CPT) murdered in 2006 in Iraq.

Winchester National Cemetery is a United States National Cemetery located in the city of Winchester in Frederick County, Virginia. Administered by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, it encompasses 4.9 acres (2.0 ha), and as of the end of 2005, it had 5,561 interments. It is closed to new interments. The cemetery was used for burials of Union soldiers. The Stonewall Confederate Cemetery was for Confederate soldiers.

Beth El Congregation is a Reform Judaism congregation located at 520 Fairmont Avenue in Winchester, Virginia, in the United States. The local Jewish community didn't develop until the late-19th century. They were mostly merchants and observed dietary laws, often having to travel to Baltimore for supplies. In 1908, the Jewish citizens decided to observe its first High Holy Days. Two local leaders learned shochet laws, enabling local Jews to keep kosher without having to travel out of town. By the 1930s, there were over 50 Jews living in Winchester and another two dozen in nearby towns. During that decade, Beth El was formally established and the congregation met on the third floor of the Odd Fellows Building. The local Jewish Women's Club and B'nai B'rith Lodge were also established during that decade. Services were led by congregants until after World War II. By that time, many in the congregation no longer observed Orthodox practices, and Reform Judaism began to take hold. Rabbis studying at Hebrew Union College would come each year to conduct services during High Holy Days. In 1954, a synagogue was built, allowing Beth El to have a permanent place to gather and worship. A dedication ceremony was attended by dignitaries including Representative Burr Harrison and Senator Harry F. Byrd. The local non-Jewish community played a major role in raising funds for the new synagogue, with over $12,000 in donations given to the congregation. This type of interfaith practice would continue throughout Beth El's history. After the synagogue was built, there was a rotating number of rabbis leading services, but one cantor, Lloyd Robb, would remain for 40 years. It wasn't until 1991 when Beth El's first rabbi, Dan Isaac, was hired. A major renovation was undertaken beginning in 2013 to accommodate elderly and disabled attendees, move the sanctuary entrance to a new portion of the building, and to update the sanctuary and other rooms. Following the 2018 Pittsburgh synagogue shooting, security measures were installed at Beth El. The current rabbi is Aaron Stucker-Rozovsky, who also holds the rank of major in the National Guard. He arrived during the COVID-19 pandemic, when services were held online and congregants would deliver groceries to the elderly. Other charitable activities Beth El participates in include hosting an annual Migrant's Lunch, volunteering at the local hospital on Christmas so that non-Jews may have the day off, and providing assistance to the Winchester Area Temporary Transitional Shelter. Prominent past and current members include Winchester Mayor Charles Zuckerman and Ron Kaplan, former CEO of Trex Company, Inc.

Stonewall Confederate Cemetery is a subsection of Mount Hebron Cemetery in Winchester, Virginia, established in 1866 for 2,575 Confederate soldiers who died in battle or in the hospitals in and around the Winchester area. A monument over the mass grave of more than 800 unknown Confederate soldiers is at the center of the cemetery, and there is a section for each state member of the Confederacy. The plots are thus organized according to the home states of the fallen soldiers within. There are state monuments in most of the sections.

Fort Loudoun was a historic fortification of the French and Indian War, located in what is now Winchester, Virginia. The fort was built between 1756 and 1758 under the supervision of George Washington, then a colonel in the Virginia Regiment. It was named for John Campbell, 4th Earl of Loudoun, who commanded the British forces in North America for a time during the war. Washington and his militia regiment were headquartered at the fort for two years. The fort was a roughly square bastioned earthworks, whose extent spread across where North Loudoun Street runs.The property at 419 North Loudoun encompasses the historic heart of the fort, including a well dating to the fort's construction, and a portion of its northwest bastion. This area has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places. This property is now owned by the non-profit French and Indian War Foundation.

Old Stone Church (also known as the Presbyterian Meeting House) is a historic church at 304 E. Piccadilly Street in Winchester, Virginia. The church meeting house was constructed in 1788. Upon its completion, local Presbyterians began worshipping in the building. In 1800, the Winchester Presbytery officially established the congregation as the "Presbyterian Church in Winchester." The first pastor was the Rev. Dr. William Hill.The church building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.