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Phillips disaster of 1989

1989 disasters in the United States1989 in TexasChemical plant explosionsDisasters in TexasExplosions in 1989
Explosions in the United StatesFires in TexasIndustrial fires and explosions in the United StatesOctober 1989 events in the United StatesPasadena, TexasPhillips 66Urban fires in the United States

On 23 October, 1989 at approximately 1:05 PM Central Daylight Time, a series of explosions occurred at Phillips Petroleum Company's Houston Chemical Complex in Pasadena, Texas, near the Houston Ship Channel. The initial blast registered 3.5 on the Richter scale, and the resulting fires took 10 hours to bring under control, as efforts to battle the fire were hindered due to damaged water pipes for the fire hydrants from the blast. The initial explosion was found to have resulted from a release of extremely flammable process gasses used to produce high-density polyethylene, a plastic used for various consumer food container products. The US Occupational Safety and Health Administration fined Phillips Petroleum Company $5,666,200 and fined Fish Engineering and Construction, inc, the maintenance contractor, $729,600. The event killed 23 employees and injured 314.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Phillips disaster of 1989 (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors).

Phillips disaster of 1989
Jefferson Road, Pasadena

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N 29.728055555556 ° E -95.181388888889 °
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Jefferson Road

Jefferson Road
77506 Pasadena
Texas, United States
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2000 Phillips explosion
2000 Phillips explosion

At approximately 1:22 p.m. CT on March 27, 2000, an explosion and fire responsible for one death and 71 injuries occurred at Phillips Petroleum's Houston Chemical Complex at 1400 Jefferson Road in Pasadena, Texas. The fire produced huge plumes of black smoke that spread over the heavily industrialized Houston Ship Channel and neighboring residential areas.The explosion occurred at the K-Resin facility, which made styrene-butadiene, a type of synthetic rubber. At the time of the explosion, the tank was out of service for cleaning and had no pressure or temperature gauges that would have provided the workers with an alert to the approaching crisis. Ultimately, this explosion resulted in one fatality, while 32 Phillips Petroleum employees and 39 subcontractors were taken to local hospitals for sustaining burns, smoke inhalation, and cuts from debris.It took search crews five hours to locate the body of a missing employee in the rubble. The dead man was Rodney Gott, a 45-year-old supervisor, who barely survived the Phillips Disaster of 1989. At that time, Gott was in a building whose roof collapsed but he remained in the blazing plant to save a woman and attend to the injured.The Occupational Safety and Health Administration's six-month investigation concluded that failure to train workers properly was a key factor in the explosion and fire, and it proposed that Phillips Petroleum be fined $2.5 million in penalties for 50 alleged violations of safety standards at the facility.

Brown Shipbuilding
Brown Shipbuilding

The Brown Shipbuilding Company was founded in Houston, Texas, in 1942 as a subsidiary of Brown and Root (now KBR) by brothers Herman and George R. Brown to build ships for the U.S. Navy during World War II. Brown Shipbuilding Company ranked 68th among United States corporations in the value of World War II military production contracts.In 1941, Navy officials asked the Brown brothers to build four submarine chasers. The brothers had no shipbuilding experience, but had helped build Naval Air Station Corpus Christi. In 1942, the brothers formed Brown Shipbuilding and, with $9 million in Navy funding, built the Green's Bayou Fabrication Yard at the juncture of the Houston Ship Channel and Green's Bayou. After delivering the ships, Brown received orders for landing craft and more sub chasers, and eventually won an order for destroyer escorts at $3.3 million per ship. Between May 1943 and August 1944, Brown turned out 61 destroyer escorts, an average of one per week. Perhaps the most famous was USS Samuel B. Roberts, part of the outgunned Taffy 3 unit that turned back a Japanese battleship force during the Battle of Leyte Gulf. Brown also built 254 amphibious assault ships, known as LSMs, between May 1944 and March 1946. By the end of the war, it had produced over 350 Navy warships in contracts totaling over $500 million. After the war, the shipyard was sold to Todd Shipyards. After Todd's Houston division closed in 1985, the yard was once again used by Brown and Root, this time for barge construction and repair. The property was sold piecemeal to multiple buyers in 2004. In 1961, the company won the $200 million contract to build the Manned Spacecraft Center in Houston, Texas.

Macroplaza Mall

Macroplaza Mall, formerly Pasadena Town Square Mall and Plaza Paseo Mall, is a regional shopping mall in Pasadena, Texas, southeast of Houston. Developed by Federated Department Stores Realty and attached to an existing Foley's Department store, it opened March 1982. The mall originally featured Joske's, Foley's, and Palais Royal (Houston-based department store) as its anchor stores. At the time it was built, its location was unusual as it was one of only a few malls in the Houston area not near a highway. Joske's was rebranded as Dillard's in 1987 following the purchase of the Joske's chain. Sears was added as the fourth anchor in 1997 in an effort to increase traffic; and allow the mall to be seen as a larger regional mall. All four Anchor Stores Dillard's, Sears, Macy's, and Palais Royal (department store) currently sit vacant. A little more than a year after opening, mall developer Federated Department Stores Realty sold the mall, and three others, to mall manager JMB Realty Corporation for $112 millionl. In 2002, the mall was purchased from American General by a local developer. Foley's converted to Macy's in 2006, the same year Dillard's closed. Macy's closed on March 27, 2017. In 2015 the mall was purchased by Guardian Equity, which planned to remodel the common spaces. In 2016 it was renamed Plaza Paseo Mall.In mid-2018, its name was again changed to Macroplaza Mall, to allude to it being a gathering place like the plaza of the same name to the south in Monterrey, Mexico, and to emphasize a new focus on the area's Mexican American community. Palais Royal closed in 2020 when its parent company Stage Stores filed for bankruptcy.On November 9, 2020, it was announced that Sears would close on January 24, 2021, as part of a plan to close seven Sears stores nationwide, leaving the mall with no anchor stores. It was revealed afterward the store would be converted and reopened as the smaller-format Sears Hometown store., but closed in May 2022.The Mall's official social media pages are not active as of 2023.

Vince's Bridge
Vince's Bridge

There has been quite a bit of confusion about Vince's Bridge ever since the famous Battle of San Jacinto. Different accounts from that time disagreed about where the bridge was located and who actually destroyed it. This confusion was partly because two brothers, William and Allen Vince, owned lands near each other, which were crossed by two separate streams, Vince's Bayou and Sims Bayou. There has been quite a bit of confusion about Vince's Bridge ever since the famous Battle of San Jacinto. Different accounts from that time disagreed about where the bridge was located and who actually destroyed it. This confusion was partly because two brothers, William and Allen Vince, owned lands near each other, which were crossed by two separate streams, Vince's Bayou and Sims Bayou. William Vince owned property along Buffalo Bayou and named a nearby stream Vince’s Bayou. He built a bridge over this stream to make it easier to move across his land. His brother, Allen, owned land adjacent to William's but never built anything significant there. He chose instead to live in William’s cabin and use William's bridge. Historical documents and narratives mainly confirm that the bridge destroyed during the battle was indeed on Vince's Bayou, part of William's property. General Sam Houston, the leader of the Texian forces, ordered the destruction of this bridge not to stop reinforcements but to prevent the Mexican army from escaping, effectively trapping them. The destruction of Vince’s Bridge was crucial strategically. Once the bridge was destroyed, the retreating Mexican troops were forced into a narrow area where they had to either surrender or try to escape by swimming across the swollen bayou, which was nearly impossible. This strategic move played a significant role in Texas winning its independence from Mexico, as it led to the capture of General Santa Anna, the Mexican commander. name="YPAL" /> The bridge appears on the reverse of the state Seal of Texas.