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San Callisto

17th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in ItalyBaroque architecture in RomeChurches of Rome (rione Trastevere)Religious buildings and structures completed in 1613Titular churches
Trastevere S. Callisto
Trastevere S. Callisto

San Callisto (English: Saint Callixtus, Latin: S. Calixti) is a Roman Catholic titular church in Rome, Italy, built over the site of Pope Callixtus I's martyrdom (c. AD 222). The original building dates from the time of Pope Gregory III (r. 731–741), who ordered the building of a church on the site. The church has been rebuilt twice since, first in the twelfth century, and the current church in 1610. In 1458 Callixtus III decreed it a titular church as a seat for Cardinals.Established in 1517, the Titulus San Calixti is currently held by Willem Jacobus Cardinal Eijk.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article San Callisto (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

San Callisto
Piazza di San Calisto, Rome Municipio Roma I

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Latitude Longitude
N 41.889044444444 ° E 12.470486111111 °
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Chiesa di San Callisto

Piazza di San Calisto
00153 Rome, Municipio Roma I
Lazio, Italy
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Trastevere S. Callisto
Trastevere S. Callisto
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Aqua Alsietina
Aqua Alsietina

In Ancient Rome, the Aqua Alsietina (sometimes called Aqua Augusta) was the earlier of the two western Roman aqueducts, erected sometime around 2BC, during the reign of emperor Augustus. It was the only water supply for the Transtiberine region, on the right bank of the river Tiber. This aqueduct acquired water mainly from a lake just north of Rome called Lacus Alsietinus (a small lake in southern Etruria, currently known as Lago di Martignano) and some from Lacus Sabatinus (Lago di Bracciano). The length of this mainly subterranean aqueduct was 22,172 paces (about 32.8 km) and had arches supporting 358 paces (about 0.53 km). Its water supply had a diameter of 392 quinariae (about 9 m). This water was not suitable for drinking, however, and emperor Augustus used it to fill his naumachia in Trastevere. This water supply allowed him and the public to enjoy sham naval battles. The water surplus was used for the irrigation of Caesar's horti (gardens) and for the irrigation of fields. Such an abundant supply of water gives an idea how much water Rome had at its disposal. In his chief work, De aquaeductu (written in 97 CE), containing a history and description of the water-supply of Rome, Sextus Julius Frontinus ascribes only a meager volume to the Aqua Alsietina. This makes sense, if the naumachia was no longer in use in his time (second half of the first century CE). Some traces of this aqueduct were discovered in 1720. An inscribed stone slab was found in 1887 near the Via Claudia. It is the only written record of the Aqua Alsietina. The fountain of the Acqua Paola in Rome, built under Pope Paul V announces wrongly on its triumphal arch that "Paul V restored the ancient ducts of the Aqua Alsietina". Actually the engineers had rebuilt the old Aqua Traiana, which had run close to the Aqua Alsietina.

Pontifical Institute of Arab and Islamic Studies
Pontifical Institute of Arab and Islamic Studies

The Pontifical Institute of Arab and Islamic Studies (PISAI) traces the origins of its foundation back to 1926 and the work of the Missionaries of Africa (White Fathers) in Tunisia in a training centre for missionaries preparing to work in Muslim countries. In 1931 this foundation took the name Institut de Belles Lettres Arabes (IBLA). In 1949 it was decided to separate the teaching section from the other activities undertaken at IBLA which were more linked to the specifically Tunisian cultural scene. So a study centre was opened at Manouba (near Tunis) which welcomed students of Arabic language and Islamic sciences. Later, in accordance with a Decree of the Sacred Congregation for Seminaries and Universities dated 19 March 1960, this training institute was raised to the Pontifical Institute for Oriental Studies. In 1964, the Institute was transferred to Rome and its name changed to the Pontifical Institute for Arabic Studies thus avoiding any confusion with the already existing Pontifical Oriental Institute. In 1967, at the wish of Pope Paul VI, the Institute was situated in part of the Palazzo di S. Apollinare. The sole teaching language, other than Arabic, was French. In 1972 an English-speaking section was added. Italian was also adopted later. Since 1966, the Institute has had the faculty to award the Licentiate in Arabic and Islamic Studies at the end of a two-year course of study and preceded by a preparatory year. In accordance with Decree No. 292/80/5 of 25 May 1980, the Congregation for Catholic Education granted the Institute the authority to award the Doctorate. The name currently held by the Institute is the Pontifical Institute for Arabic and Islamic Studies (PISAI). Its new Statutes were approved by the Congregation for Catholic Education in Decree No. 826/79 on 13 September 2008.