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Space Research Centre of Polish Academy of Sciences

Institutes of the Polish Academy of SciencesPoland education stubsScience and technology in PolandUse British English from January 2014
Space Research Centre in Warsaw in 2014
Space Research Centre in Warsaw in 2014

The Space Research Centre (SRC, Polish: Centrum Badań Kosmicznych) is an interdisciplinary research institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences. It was established in 1977. SRC PAS is the only institute in Poland whose activity is fully dedicated to the research of terrestrial space, the Solar System and the Earth using space technology and satellite techniques. The SRC also acts as Poland's national space agency until the Polish Space Agency) is fully established. Since 1977 the SRC staff developed, constructed and prepared for launch over 60 instruments and participated in the experiments in more than 50 space missions, for example: European Space Agency's Cassini–Huygens mission (investigation of Saturn and Titan), INTEGRAL (space laboratory of high energy astrophysics), Mars Express (Mars orbiter), Rosetta (mission to comet), Venus Express (Venus orbiter), Herschel Space Observatory (investigation of the coldest and most distant objects in the Universe), BepiColombo (mission to Mercury), Roscosmos's Koronas-F, Koronas-I, Koronas-Foton and Fobos-Grunt missions, and CNES' DEMETER and TARANIS missions. Space Research Centre has co-operated with the ESA since 1991. SRC has also collaborated with NASA (IBEX mission) and ISRO (Chandrayaan programme).

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Space Research Centre of Polish Academy of Sciences
Bartycka, Warsaw Mokotów (Warsaw)

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Geographical coordinates (GPS)

Latitude Longitude
N 52.2145 ° E 21.0676 °
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Centrum Badań Kosmicznych - PAN

Bartycka 18A
00-716 Warsaw, Mokotów (Warsaw)
Masovian Voivodeship, Poland
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Space Research Centre in Warsaw in 2014
Space Research Centre in Warsaw in 2014
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Żyleta
Żyleta

Żyleta (Polish pronunciation: [ʐɨˈlɛta], English: the Razor) is a common name of a northern stand at the Stadion Wojska Polskiego in Warsaw, Poland, traditionally occupied by the most spontaneous and fanatical fans of Legia Warsaw football club. Before the stadium renovation (2008–2011), the "old" Żyleta referred only to the center section within the eastern stand of the stadium (occasionally, it would also refer to eastern stand as a whole). There is a special exhibition dedicated to the "old" Żyleta in the Legia club museum. Today, after the stadium renovation, the "new" Żyleta means the whole northern stand of stadium (located behind the goal). The eastern stand of the stadium was constructed in the 1930s. Until the late 1970s, the stand was simply referred to as the "open" stand (in contrast to the "covered" western stand, which was fully roofed). The eastern stand was nicknamed "Żyleta" after the Polsilver razor billboard that was placed above its center section. The name has been in use since the late 1970s. The razor billboard was removed from the stadium by way of punishment imposed on Legia supporters, after the riots during the 1995 Polish Cup final. Throughout the years Żyleta became more than a section of the stadium, it has become a synonym of the devoted and affectionate support of the football team. Żyleta became famous for its spectacular visual displays, in particular card stunts, prepared by Legia supporters and presented during matches. The quality of support and of the visual displays was often said to be "unquestionably the best in Poland". Thanks to this high reputation, Żyleta is regarded by the football supporters as an "exclusive" section of the stadium. Only the fans who obey the unofficial code of conduct (the key point of which is the non-stop support during the entire football match) are "privileged" to take a seat at Żyleta. However, Żyleta has also attracted some negative attention. Especially during the mid-1990s, it had often been associated with football violence and fanaticism.