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Church of the Immaculate Conception, Scarthingwell

Grade II listed churches in North YorkshireRoman Catholic churches completed in 1854Roman Catholic churches in North YorkshireUse British English from December 2023
The Church of the Immaculate Conception St John the Worker, Scarthingwell (41845221502)
The Church of the Immaculate Conception St John the Worker, Scarthingwell (41845221502)

The Church of the Immaculate Conception is a historic church in Scarthingwell, in North Yorkshire, in England. The church was constructed in 1854 to a design by John Bownas and William Atkinson. It was commissioned by Edward William Hawke-Harvey, 4th Baron Hawke, as a private chapel for his seat, Scarthingwell Hall. It was the first church in England to be dedicated to the immaculate conception. The hall was demolished in 1960, but the chapel survived as a Roman Catholic church. It was Grade II listed in 1988. The church is in the Norman style, built of limestone, with a slate roof. It has a nave with a chancel in the form of an apse. The west end is gabled, and houses four niches. There is also a small stone turret at the west end. The nave has four tall windows, each with two lights, while the chancel has seven lancet windows. Inside, there is highly decorative plasterwork and a wooden gallery at the west end, reached by a staircase, which originally housed the family pew, but now contains an organ.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Church of the Immaculate Conception, Scarthingwell (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Church of the Immaculate Conception, Scarthingwell

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N 53.82578 ° E -1.2538 °
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LS24 9UN , Saxton with Scarthingwell
England, United Kingdom
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The Church of the Immaculate Conception St John the Worker, Scarthingwell (41845221502)
The Church of the Immaculate Conception St John the Worker, Scarthingwell (41845221502)
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Battle of Towton
Battle of Towton

The Battle of Towton took place on 29 March 1461 during the Wars of the Roses, near Towton in North Yorkshire, and "has the dubious distinction of being probably the largest and bloodiest battle on English soil". Fought for ten hours between an estimated 50,000 soldiers in a snowstorm on Palm Sunday, the Yorkist army achieved a decisive victory over their Lancastrian opponents. As a result, Edward IV deposed the Lancastrian Henry VI and secured the English throne. Henry VI succeeded his father Henry V when he was nine months old in 1422, but was a weak, ineffectual and mentally unsound ruler, which encouraged the nobles to scheme for control over him. The situation deteriorated in the 1450s into a civil war between his Beaufort relatives and Queen Margaret of Anjou on one side, with those of his cousin Richard, Duke of York, on the other. In October 1460, Parliament passed the Act of Accord naming York as Henry's successor, but neither the queen nor her Lancastrian allies would accept the disinheritance of her son, Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales. They raised a large army, who defeated and killed York and his second son Edmund at Wakefield in December. Financed by the City of London, York's son and heir, Edward, found enough backing to denounce Henry and declare himself king. The Battle of Towton was to affirm the victor's right through force of arms to rule over England. On reaching the battlefield, the Yorkists found themselves heavily outnumbered, since part of their force under the Duke of Norfolk had yet to arrive. The Yorkist leader Lord Fauconberg turned the tables by ordering his archers to take advantage of the strong wind to outrange their enemies. The one-sided missile exchange, with Lancastrian arrows falling short of the Yorkist ranks, provoked the Lancastrians into abandoning their defensive positions. The ensuing hand-to-hand combat lasted hours, exhausting the combatants. The arrival of Norfolk's men reinvigorated the Yorkists and, encouraged by Edward, they routed their foes. Many Lancastrians were killed while fleeing; some trampled one another and others drowned in the rivers, which are said to have run red with blood for several days. Several high-ranking prisoners were also executed. The strength of the House of Lancaster was severely reduced as a result of this battle. Henry fled the country and many of his most powerful followers were dead or in exile after the engagement, leaving a new king, Edward IV, to rule England. In 1929 the Towton Cross was erected on the battlefield to commemorate the event. Various archaeological remains and mass graves related to the battle have been found in the area centuries after the engagement.

All Saints' Church, Sherburn in Elmet
All Saints' Church, Sherburn in Elmet

All Saints' Church is the parish church of Sherburn in Elmet, a town in North Yorkshire in England. The church was constructed in the 12th century, from which period the nave and part of the north aisle date. It is known that there was an earlier church on the site, and the current building appears to reuse some large, Anglo-Saxon stones. The chancel was added in the 13th century, followed by the south aisle and an extension to the north aisle in the 14th century, and the south chapel in the 15th century. The clerestory dates from the 16th century, and the tower was heightened at a later date. In 1857, Anthony Salvin restored the church and added a vestry. The church was grade I listed in 1967. The church is built of Magnesian Limestone. It has a four-bay nave, with a two-bay tower, and a two-bay chancel. The tower is supported by large diagonal buttresses, added in the Victorian period. It has paired openings around the bells, and is topped by battlements. Although the porch is largely the work of Salvin, it reuses 12th century material, including zigzag carvings. Most of the nave windows are Perpendicular, while the chancel windows are lancets which date from the Victorian restoration. Inside the church, there is a round tower arch, with a round-arched window above. Between the south aisle and the chancel is an ogee arched window. There is a shell-shaped piscina in the chantry chapel. The 15th-century Janus Cross was moved from the ruins of the demolished St Mary and All Holy Angels Chapel, formerly in the churchyard, and it is now displayed in two parts. The organ was made by Brindley and Foster and dates from 1875. There is a 14th-century grave slab under the tower, and a tablet dedicated to Peter Foljambe, who died in 1668.The west window contains 15th century glass. Some bells date from 1750, and the others are Victorian. The oak pews and pulpit were installed in 1857.