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Hero City monument, Kyiv

Decommunization in UkraineLandmarks in KyivMonuments and memorials in KyivSoviet military memorials and cemeteries in UkraineUkraine geography stubs
Обеліск на честь міста героя Києва
Обеліск на честь міста героя Києва

The Hero City monument (officially, the Obelisk in honor of the hero city of Kyiv, Ukrainian: Обеліск на честь міста-героя Києва), is a World War II memorial in Halytska Square in Kyiv, Ukraine. It is a 30 m-tall (98 ft) obelisk that was erected in 1982, during the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. In its original form it was marked with the dates "1941" and "1945", the starting and ending dates of World War II according to the Soviet Union, and featured a "hero star" reflecting Kyiv's status as a Soviet Hero City. Since the Revolution of Dignity in 2014 the Ukrainian authorities have been decommunizing Ukraine's Soviet-era monuments, in a process which has been accelerated following the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. On 9 February 2023, Kyiv city council renamed the square back from its Soviet-era name of Victory Square to its original name Halytska Square.On 15 September 2023, the Soviet stars were removed from the obelisk, together with the annotation board in the Russian language, and the "1941" marking was changed to "1939" to match the official Ukrainian date for the start of World War II.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Hero City monument, Kyiv (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Hero City monument, Kyiv
Halytska Square, Kyiv

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Geographical coordinates (GPS)

Latitude Longitude
N 50.447 ° E 30.4916 °
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Halytska Square
01054 Kyiv
Ukraine
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Обеліск на честь міста героя Києва
Обеліск на честь міста героя Києва
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Kyiv-Pasazhyrskyi railway station
Kyiv-Pasazhyrskyi railway station

Kyiv-Pasazhyrskyi (Kyiv-Passenger, Ukrainian: Київ-Пасажирський) is a railway station in the capital of Ukraine, Kyiv. The station is a railway hub consisting of several railroad station buildings, along with its own repair facilities the Kyiv Electric Railcar Repair Shop, a railway depot with railyard, and the railway sports complex, which is integrated into the cityscape. The station is part of the so-called Kyiv Southern Railway loop. Serving more than 170,000 passengers per day (as of 2005), the complex contains several buildings. The Central and Southern (Pivdennyi) Station buildings are located on both sides of the tracks used by long-distance trains, connected with an overpass leading the station platform. They serve international trains, most Ukrzaliznytsia passenger trains, some suburban trains, and the Kyiv Boryspil Express to the Boryspil International Airport. Adjacent to the Central building is the Suburban (Prymiskyi) station building which serves short-distance service (elektrichka) for suburbs (including dacha areas), minor city stations, and nearby regions as well as the Kyivpastrans' urban rail passing through the Northern (Pivnichna) railway stop. The Kyiv Metro station Vokzalna of the Sviatoshynsko-Brovarska Line adjoins the complex, constituting the station's main intersection with city transport. The Kyiv tram station Starovokzalna (the terminal of Kyiv's Right-Bank high-speed tram line) is also adjacent via a passageway.

Ukrainian People's Republic (Editable)
Ukrainian People's Republic (Editable)

The Ukrainian People's Republic (UPR) was a short-lived state in Eastern Europe. Prior to its proclamation, the Central Council of Ukraine was elected in March 1917 as a result of the February Revolution, and in June, it declared Ukrainian autonomy within Russia. Its autonomy was later recognized by the Russian Provisional Government. Following the October Revolution, the Central Council of Ukraine denounced the Bolshevik seizure of power and proclaimed the Ukrainian People's Republic with a territory including the area of approximately eight Russian imperial governorates (Kiev, Volhynia, Kharkov, Kherson, Yekaterinoslav, Poltava, Chernigov and Podolia). It formally declared its independence from Russia on 22 January 1918. During its short existence, the republic went through several political transformations – from the socialist-leaning republic headed by the Central Council of Ukraine with its general secretariat, to the socialist republic led by the Directorate and by Symon Petliura. Between April and December 1918, the socialist authority of the Ukrainian People's Republic was suspended, having been overthrown by the pro-German Ukrainian State of Pavlo Skoropadskyi, who was elected as the Hetman of Ukraine by a congress of peasants. After the collapse of the Ukrainian State, the Ukrainian People's Republic declared its unification with the West Ukrainian People's Republic in January 1919. After the Polish–Ukrainian War, it signed an alliance with the Second Polish Republic. On 10 November 1920, the state lost the remainder of its territory to the Bolsheviks. The Peace of Riga on 18 March 1921 between Poland, Soviet Russia (acting also on behalf of Soviet Belarus), and Soviet Ukraine sealed the fate of the Ukrainian People's Republic. After the October Revolution, many governments formed in the territory of Ukraine, most notably the Ukrainian People's Republic of Soviets based in Kharkov, and its Soviet successors. This force, along with the Ukrainian People's Republic, the White movement, Poland, Green armies, and anarchists, fought constantly with each other, which resulted in many casualties among Ukrainians fighting in the Ukrainian War of Independence as part of the wider Russian Civil War of 1917–1923. Soviet Russia would extend its control over what would ultimately become the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, which became a founding member of the Soviet Union in 1922.