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The Monroe Residential Historic District is a national historic district located at Monroe, Union County, North Carolina. It encompasses 376 contributing buildings, 1 contributing site, and 4 contributing objects in a predominantly residential section of Monroe. The district developed between about 1874 and 1940 and includes notable examples of Italianate, Queen Anne, and Classical Revival architecture styles and includes work by architects Wheeler & Stern and by G. Marion Tucker. Notable buildings include the R. V. Houston House, Houston-Redfearn House, the Belk House, J. H. Lee House, M. G. Sheppard House, Elizabeth Friedeman House (c. 1880), former Methodist Parsonage (c. 1886), Gaston Meares House, William E. Cason House, M. G. Sheppard House, and George B. McClellan House. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

Malcolm K. Lee House is a historic home located at Monroe, Union County, North Carolina. It was built in 1919, and is a two-story, five-bay, Colonial Revival style brick veneer dwelling with a slate covered hipped roof. It has two two-story, hipped-roofed rear wings forming a "U". The front facade features a two-story, wooden portico supported by pairs of fluted columns with Greek Doric order capitals. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

Monroe Downtown Historic District is a national historic district located at Monroe, Union County, North Carolina. It encompasses 25 contributing buildings and 1 contributing object in the central business district of Monroe. The district developed during the late 19th and early 20th centuries and includes notable examples of Late Victorian and Classical Revival architecture styles. Located in the district is the separately listed Union County Courthouse. Other notable buildings include the Hotel Joffre Building (1917-1919), Bank of Union Building (1905-1906), Belk/Bundy Building (1911), Monroe Bank & Trust Company Building (1919-1920), Monroe Hardware Company Building (1928), and Secrest Building (1928). It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

Union County Courthouse is a historic courthouse building located at Monroe, Union County, North Carolina. The original Late Victorian section, was built in 1886, consisted of a two-story five-bay main block with a two-bay wing on each side. It has a low hip roof surmounted by a large cupola. Two additional three-bay wings were added in 1922. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971. It is located in the Monroe Downtown Historic District.

Monroe City Hall is a historic city hall building located at Monroe, Union County, North Carolina. It was built in 1847–1848, is a three-story brick building with interior end chimneys and a gableroof. It has a slightly projecting, one bay, center pavilion. A two-story wing was added in the 20th century. It was originally built as the public jail and is possibly the oldest building in Monroe. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971.

US Post Office-Monroe is a historic post office building located at Monroe, Union County, North Carolina. It was designed by the Office of the Supervising Architect under the direction of Oscar Wenderoth and built in 1913. It is a two-story, seven bay by four bay, brick building in the Classical Revival style. The front facade features a five bay portico supported by Corinthian order columns. Two additions were made to the building in 1966. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

John C. Sikes House is a historic home located at Monroe, Union County, North Carolina. It was built in 1926–1927, and consists of a 2+1⁄2-story, five bay by four bay, Classical Revival style main block with a two-story rear ell. The house is constructed of yellow Roman brick and has a gable roof. The front facade features a parapeted portico supported by six stone Tuscan order columns. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

The Seaboard Air Line Railroad depot in Monroe, Union County, North Carolina, United States, is a former train station formerly used by the Seaboard Air Line Railroad from 1874 to 1969.

Central Academy of Technology and Arts (CATA) is a public high school located in Monroe, North Carolina, and also Union County's first magnet high school. Unlike regular public high schools, students at Central Academy have the opportunity to have a major course of study in an academy of their choice that will give them a head start towards their future careers in life. The academies include Information Systems (software, hardware, and cybersecurity), Medical Sciences, Performing Arts (theater, dance, and music production and recording arts), Pre-Engineering, and Transportation Systems. Teacher Preparation was eliminated before the 2015–2016 school year. CATA is a part of Union County Public Schools, on Brewer Drive. The school was originally a career center, but now is a part of the public school system. The school was founded as a high school for grades 9–12 in 2006, with the first graduating class in 2009.

Atrium Health Union , formerly known as Union Regional Medical Center, later Carolinas Medical Center-Union, is a 157-bed acute care facility located in Monroe, NC. This hospital is one of several community hospitals owned and operated by Charlotte based Atrium Health.

Piedmont Buggy Factory, also known as Bearskin Cotton Mills and Monroe Cotton Mills, is a historic building located at Monroe, Union County, North Carolina. It was built in 1910, and is a three-story, rectangular brick building with a shallow pitched gable roof. The brick is in six distinct shades of red. Also on the property are the contributing late-1910s one-story brick boiler house and a steel water tower (c. 1910). Originally built as a buggy factory, in the late 1910s the factory was converted to textile production and renamed the Bearskin Cotton Mills. The facility remained in operation through 1956. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

Monroe is a city in and the county seat of Union County, North Carolina, United States. The population increased from 32,797 in 2010 to 34,551 in 2020. It is within the rapidly growing Charlotte metropolitan area. Monroe has a council-manager form of government.