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St. Louis School of Fine Arts

2006 disestablishments in MissouriArt schools in MissouriEducational institutions established in 1879Peabody and Stearns buildingsWashington University in St. Louis
US MO(1891) p452 ST. LOUIS, MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS
US MO(1891) p452 ST. LOUIS, MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS

The St. Louis School of Fine Arts was founded as the Saint Louis School and Museum of Fine Arts in 1879 as part of Washington University in St. Louis, and has continuously offered visual arts and sculpture education since then. Its purpose-built building stood in downtown St. Louis on Lucas Place. After about 25 years of operation, in 1909, a legal conflict over funding split the organization into two parts: the school and its art collection, which remained part of privately held Washington University, and a public civic art museum, which became the Saint Louis Art Museum. The art school moved to the university campus. With changes of name and location on campus, it continued operations up until 2006 when the school was incorporated into the Sam Fox School of Design & Visual Arts, which spans graduate and undergraduate arts curriculum, graduate and undergraduate schools of architecture, and the university's art collection in its Mildred Lane Kemper Art Museum.

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St. Louis School of Fine Arts
South Skinker Boulevard, St. Louis

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N 38.64697 ° E -90.30267 °
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Washington University in St. Louis

South Skinker Boulevard
63130 St. Louis
Missouri, United States
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US MO(1891) p452 ST. LOUIS, MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS
US MO(1891) p452 ST. LOUIS, MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS
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Washington University in St. Louis

Washington University in St. Louis (WashU) is a private research university with its main campus in St. Louis, Missouri, United States. Founded in 1853, the university is named after George Washington, a Continental Army general, and the first president of the United States.The university's 169-acre Danforth Campus is bordered by the Forest Park section of St. Louis and Clayton and University City, Missouri. Its Medical Campus in the Central West End section of St. Louis spans over 17 city blocks and 164 acres and houses the Washington University School of Medicine and its affiliated hospitals, clinics, patient care centers and research facilities. It has students and faculty from all 50 U.S. states and more than 120 countries. Washington University is composed of seven graduate and undergraduate schools that encompass a range of academic fields. To prevent confusion over its location, the university's board of trustees added the phrase "in St. Louis" in 1976.Washington University has been a member of the Association of American Universities since 1923 and is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity". In 2021, the National Science Foundation ranked Washington University 25th among academic institutions in the United States for research and development expenditures. As of 2023, 26 Nobel laureates, 11 Pulitzer Prize winners, 4 United States Poet Lauretes, and 6 MacArthur Fellows have been affiliated with the university as faculty or alumni. Washington University alumni also include 30 Rhodes Scholars, 7 Marshall Scholars and 2 Churchill Scholars.

Brookings Hall
Brookings Hall

Brookings Hall is a Collegiate Gothic landmark on the campus of Washington University in St. Louis. The building, first named "University Hall", was built between 1900 and 1902 and served as the administrative center for the 1904 World's Fair. The first cornerstone was laid on November 3, 1900.In 1899, after holding a national design competition, Washington University's administrators selected the Philadelphia firm Cope and Stewardson (represented by James P. Jamieson) to design the building as the centerpiece of an extensive new campus master plan. The general contractor was Bright Construction Company. A large square tower with corner turrets and an arched passageway below was a favorite motif of the architects that they also used at Blair Hall of Princeton University (1897), the Quadrangle dormitories at the University of Pennsylvania (1894-1912), and Rockefeller Hall at Bryn Mawr College (1904) and was likely inspired by the Great Gates of Trinity and St. John's colleges at Cambridge University in England, where Cope & Stewardson are known to have visited. Since 1905, the building has served as Washington University's administrative center. Initially known as University Hall, the building was renamed Brookings Hall on June 12, 1928, in honor of board president Robert S. Brookings.There are numerous inscriptions on the building; most prominent is the inscription above the clock on the Western side which reads Cedunt Horae, Opera Manent ("The hours go by, the works remain"). The inscription on the east facade reads Discere Si Cupias Intra: Salvere Iubemus ("If you wish to learn, enter: we welcome you").Alumnus Steve Fossett used Brookings Hall as a mission control center for two of his attempts at circumnavigating the globe in a balloon, including his sixth and ultimately successful attempt in the Spirit of Freedom in 2002.Currently, South Brookings houses the Admissions Office and the administrative offices for the College of Arts and Sciences. North Brookings houses the Office of Student Financial Services, the Office of the Chancellor, and the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences.

St. Louis bullfight riot
St. Louis bullfight riot

On June 5, 1904, thousands of people rioted in St. Louis, Missouri just north of the 1904 World's Fair after a bullfight was canceled by court order. The St. Louis bullfight riot resulted in a handful of injuries and the complete destruction (by fire) of the Norris Amusement Company arena. The riot disrupted the World's Fair for one day, and one bullfighter murdered another shortly after the riot, an action indirectly attributed to the incident. The riot took place after a promoter named Richard Norris began advertising that he would stage bullfights June 5, 1904, capitalizing on the international spirit engendered by the World's Fair. He built a 16,000 seat arena, naming it after himself, and signed Spanish bullfighter Manuel Cervera Prieto and 35 others to extended contracts. Bullfighting was illegal in the United States and the state of Missouri, and animal rights activists urged Missouri governor Alexander Monroe Dockery to halt the fight. The St. Louis Humane Society pleaded with the governor to "avert this flagrant outrage upon the civilization of the State of Missouri and of the United States." The humane society was joined by religious organizations including the Congregational State Association of Missouri, and under their pressure, Dockery acquiesced. One day before the fight, he ordered the St. Louis County prosecuting attorney to arrest all violators of the state's anti-bullfighting law.Despite the controversy, Norris sold more than 8,000 tickets at $1 apiece to the bullfight. With the World's Fair closed on Sunday (the day of the fight), Norris hired members of the fair's Wild West show to begin the bullfight with a demonstration of horsemanship. This was followed by a lacrosse demonstration, but the crowd began to become agitated with the wait for the bullfight. Just as the arena's announcer began to introduce Cervera, a deputy sheriff stepped into the arena and told the announcer the fight was not permitted. The deputy and other officers took the organizers to the company's office to settle the matter, but the agitated crowd began throwing rocks through the windows of the office adjacent to the arena after they learned there would be no refunds for the show.During the fracas, a man standing on the porch of the company office and demanding a refund was struck by a rock and injured. Others inside the office were injured by broken glass. The mob was deterred from storming the building by police with drawn pistols, but there were not enough officers to keep the mob from moving instead to the arena grandstand. Once in the arena, the mob released three emaciated bulls found nearby. The condition of the bulls and their lack of aggression caused many in the crowd to believe the show was a scam and no fight was actually intended. Some in the mob set straw afire in the bullpen, and the flames quickly spread to the grandstand, which was built of highly flammable pine and tar paper.Despite the efforts of police and firefighters (who responded from the nearby World's Fairgrounds), the arena burned to the ground. Several members of the mob were subsequently arrested for arson. Two days after the riot, Cervera was killed by fellow bullfighter Carleton Bass as the two fought over payments from the aborted fight. The bullfighters subsequently asserted that the Norris management never intended to host the bullfight.