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Washington University in St. Louis

1853 establishments in MissouriCollegiate Gothic architecture in MissouriNeed-blind educational institutionsPrivate universities and colleges in MissouriUniversities and colleges accredited by the Higher Learning Commission
Universities and colleges established in 1853Universities and colleges in St. LouisUniversities and colleges in St. Louis County, MissouriWashington University in St. Louis

Washington University in St. Louis (WashU) is a private research university with its main campus in St. Louis, Missouri, United States. Founded in 1853, the university is named after George Washington, a Continental Army general, and the first president of the United States.The university's 169-acre Danforth Campus is bordered by the Forest Park section of St. Louis and Clayton and University City, Missouri. Its Medical Campus in the Central West End section of St. Louis spans over 17 city blocks and 164 acres and houses the Washington University School of Medicine and its affiliated hospitals, clinics, patient care centers and research facilities. It has students and faculty from all 50 U.S. states and more than 120 countries. Washington University is composed of seven graduate and undergraduate schools that encompass a range of academic fields. To prevent confusion over its location, the university's board of trustees added the phrase "in St. Louis" in 1976.Washington University has been a member of the Association of American Universities since 1923 and is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity". In 2021, the National Science Foundation ranked Washington University 25th among academic institutions in the United States for research and development expenditures. As of 2023, 26 Nobel laureates, 11 Pulitzer Prize winners, 4 United States Poet Lauretes, and 6 MacArthur Fellows have been affiliated with the university as faculty or alumni. Washington University alumni also include 30 Rhodes Scholars, 7 Marshall Scholars and 2 Churchill Scholars.

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Washington University in St. Louis
South Skinker Boulevard, St. Louis

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N 38.648 ° E -90.305 °
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Washington University in St. Louis

South Skinker Boulevard
63130 St. Louis
Missouri, United States
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Brookings Hall
Brookings Hall

Brookings Hall is a Collegiate Gothic landmark on the campus of Washington University in St. Louis. The building, first named "University Hall", was built between 1900 and 1902 and served as the administrative center for the 1904 World's Fair. The first cornerstone was laid on November 3, 1900.In 1899, after holding a national design competition, Washington University's administrators selected the Philadelphia firm Cope and Stewardson (represented by James P. Jamieson) to design the building as the centerpiece of an extensive new campus master plan. The general contractor was Bright Construction Company. A large square tower with corner turrets and an arched passageway below was a favorite motif of the architects that they also used at Blair Hall of Princeton University (1897), the Quadrangle dormitories at the University of Pennsylvania (1894-1912), and Rockefeller Hall at Bryn Mawr College (1904) and was likely inspired by the Great Gates of Trinity and St. John's colleges at Cambridge University in England, where Cope & Stewardson are known to have visited. Since 1905, the building has served as Washington University's administrative center. Initially known as University Hall, the building was renamed Brookings Hall on June 12, 1928, in honor of board president Robert S. Brookings.There are numerous inscriptions on the building; most prominent is the inscription above the clock on the Western side which reads Cedunt Horae, Opera Manent ("The hours go by, the works remain"). The inscription on the east facade reads Discere Si Cupias Intra: Salvere Iubemus ("If you wish to learn, enter: we welcome you").Alumnus Steve Fossett used Brookings Hall as a mission control center for two of his attempts at circumnavigating the globe in a balloon, including his sixth and ultimately successful attempt in the Spirit of Freedom in 2002.Currently, South Brookings houses the Admissions Office and the administrative offices for the College of Arts and Sciences. North Brookings houses the Office of Student Financial Services, the Office of the Chancellor, and the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences.

Washington University Hilltop Campus Historic District
Washington University Hilltop Campus Historic District

The Washington University Hilltop Campus Historic District was the site of the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition and the 1904 Summer Olympics. Many of the exposition buildings were temporary in nature, but a number of permanent structures were built and are used by Washington University, which calls this area the Danforth Campus. The district includes more than fifty structures, of which twenty are in the Collegiate Gothic style.The overall plan for the Washington University campus was conceived by Olmsted, Olmsted and Eliot in 1895, and a national competition was held in 1899 for the new buildings. Cope and Stevenson of Philadelphia was the winning firm, drawing on experience gained at Bryn Mawr College, the University of Pennsylvania and Princeton University. As construction proceeded, plans for the Louisiana Purchase Exposition incorporated the new buildings, leasing the campus and providing funding for more buildings. The Collegiate Gothic structures form a unified composition, despite their construction over a fifty-year period. This is attributed to a style guide compiled by architect James P. Jamieson, who defined the use of red granite, green slate shingles and copper flashing and drainage details. Windows are set in limestone surrounds. Buildings are typically sited around a quadrangle that forms a high point, so that the building elevations facing the quad are two stories, while the rear elevations are three stories. Plans are standardized with many buildings using an elongated H-shaped plan with a central tower of three to five stories.University buildings included: Brookings Hall (1900), the defining landmark on Washington University campus, used as the Exposition's administration building. Busch Hall (1900), used for the fair's Division of Works, including architects, engineers and construction management. Ridgley Library (1901), used by the British Government for the display of items from Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee. Eads Hall (1902), used by the Board of Lady Managers. Cupples Hall I (1901), used for anthropology, including mummies in the basement. Cupples Hall II(1901), used for the Jefferson Guard, the fair's security apparatus. Prince Hall (1901) Karl D. Umrath Hall (1902), used as a guest dormitory Francis Gymnasium (1902) and Francis Field (1902-1903), used for displays of physical culture and the Third Olympic Games.Later compatible additions include McMillan Hall (1906), Graham Chapel (1907), Newton R. Wilson Memorial Hall (1923), Duncker Hall (1923), Grace Vallé January Hall (1923), Charles Rebstock Hall (1926), the Ann W. Olin Women's Building (1927), Wayman Crow Hall (1933), George Warren Brown Memorial Hall (1935), the Sever Institute of Technology (1948) and Louderman Hall (1951).Other buildings constructed for the Exposition include: The Palace of Fine Art, designed by architect Cass Gilbert, featured a grand interior sculpture court based on the Roman Baths of Caracalla. Standing at the top of Art Hill, it now serves as the home of the St. Louis Art Museum. The Missouri State building was planned as a permanent structure, but it burned down on November 18, and since the fair was almost over it was not rebuilt. After the fair, the World's Fair Pavilion was built on the site of the Missouri building. Completed in 1913, the Jefferson Memorial building was built near the main entrance to the Exposition, at Lindell and DeBalivere. It was built with proceeds from the fair, to commemorate Thomas Jefferson, who initiated the Louisiana Purchase, and to store the Exposition's records and archives. It is now home to the Missouri History Museum.