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University of Ez-Zitouna

Education in TunisEducational institutions established in the 8th centuryUniversities in TunisiaUniversity of Ez-Zitouna
Mosquée zitouna tunis
Mosquée zitouna tunis

Ez-Zitouna University (Arabic: جامعة الزيتونة, French: Université Ez-Zitouna) is a public ancient medieval university in Tunis, Tunisia. The university originates in the Al-Zaytuna Mosque, founded at the end of the 7th century or in the early 8th century, which developed into a major Islamic centre of learning in North Africa. It consists of the Higher Institute of Theology and the Higher Institute of Islamic Civilisation in Tunis and a research institution, the Center of Islamic Studies, in Kairouan.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article University of Ez-Zitouna (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

University of Ez-Zitouna
Tunis Bab Jedid (معتمدية المدينة)

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N 36.794466 ° E 10.164118 °
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1020 Tunis, Bab Jedid (معتمدية المدينة)
Tunis, Tunisia
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Mosquée zitouna tunis
Mosquée zitouna tunis
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Battle of the Bagradas River (255 BC)
Battle of the Bagradas River (255 BC)

The Battle of the Bagradas River (the ancient name of the Medjerda), also known as the Battle of Tunis, was a victory by a Carthaginian army led by Xanthippus over a Roman army led by Marcus Atilius Regulus in the spring of 255 BC, nine years into the First Punic War. The previous year, the newly constructed Roman navy established naval superiority over Carthage. The Romans used this advantage to invade Carthage's homeland, which roughly aligned with modern-day Tunisia in North Africa. After landing on the Cape Bon Peninsula and conducting a successful campaign, the fleet returned to Sicily, leaving Regulus with 15,500 men to hold the lodgement in Africa over the winter. Instead of holding his position, Regulus advanced towards the city of Carthage and defeated the Carthaginian army at the Battle of Adys. The Romans followed up and captured Tunis, only 16 kilometres (10 mi) from Carthage. Despairing, the Carthaginians sued for peace, but Regulus's proposed terms were so harsh the Carthaginians decided to fight on. They gave charge of the training of their army, and eventually operational control, to the Spartan mercenary general Xanthippus. In the spring of 255 BC, Xanthippus led an army strong in cavalry and elephants against the Romans' infantry-based force. The Romans had no effective answer to the elephants. Their outnumbered cavalry were chased from the field and the Carthaginian cavalry then surrounded most of the Romans and wiped them out; 500 survived and were captured, including Regulus. A force of 2,000 Romans avoided being surrounded and retreated to Aspis. The war continued for another 14 years, mostly on Sicily or in nearby waters, before ending with a Roman victory; the terms offered to Carthage were more generous than those proposed by Regulus.