Nicolaïkerk (Appingedam)

Appingedam (Dutch: [ˌɑpɪŋəˈdɑm] ; Gronings: n Daam [n̩ˈdaːm]) is a city and former municipality in the northeastern Netherlands. Although there is no certainty as to the exact age of Appingedam, historical research demonstrates that the place in which the city would eventually be built had been inhabited for over a millennium. Specifically, the area in which the earliest traces of human settlements have been reported is the Wierde, a quarter located in the northern part of the city centre. Today, a narrow, winding street by the same name runs along the waterfront as a living testimony to the times gone by. The characteristic landmarks of the old Wierde are still recognisable today: the historical East-West Canal, called “Diep,” dug to the south of the Wierde, diked on both sides, still defines the unique layout of the downtown Appingedam. Little is known about the exact age and origin of the name of Appingedam. It came into existence on the banks of the Delf, the present Damsterdiep, around 1200. The name originates from a dam built in the Appe or Apt. In 1327, Appingedam received city rights from the free Frisians of the Upstalboom near the East Frisian city of Aurich. Appingedam and Aurich still have friendly liaisons via a partnership called the Städtepartnerschaft or stedenband, in German and Dutch respectively. Appingedam is located in the region Fivelingo, which in the Middle Ages was a part of Frisia. In the Late Middle Ages, Appingedam, being a seaport, was an important trading competitor to Groningen. When Groningen received the staple right, Appingedam rapidly lost its trading position. Later on Delfzijl outstripped Appingedam with its newer and bigger seaport. Nowadays Appingedam still looks indispensable as a small city. Many original medieval premises can be found in the centre. The most famous sight is the hanging kitchens above the Damsterdiep. Appingedam was home to the Appingedammer Bronsmotorenfabriek that produced large ship's engines for the shipyards in the area.

Appingedam (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɑpɪŋəˌdɑm] ; abbreviation: Apg) is a railway station in the city of Appingedam, Netherlands. The station was opened on 15 June 1884 and is located on the Groningen–Delfzijl railway. Nowadays the station is unstaffed. Only basic platform facilities, as a shelter and a ticket machine, remain. The station is owned by ProRail and operated by Arriva.

Oling is a hamlet in the province of Groningen, in the Netherlands.Oling used to be located in the (former) municipality of Appingedam, but has been a part of the new municipality of Eemsdelta after a municipal reclassification in 2021.Oling is very scarcely populated, presumably less than 25 people are living in this tiny settlement west of Appingedam.

Holwierde (Dutch pronunciation: [ɦɔlˈʋiːrdə]; Gronings: Holwier [ɦɔɫˈʋiːɾ]) is a village in the municipality of Eemsdelta in the province of Groningen in the Netherlands. It lies about 26 km northeast of the city of Groningen.

Krewerd (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈkreːʋərt]; Gronings: Kraiwerd [ˈkrɑiʋət]) is a village with a population of around 75 in the municipality of Eemsdelta in the province of Groningen in the Netherlands. The medieval village church houses a gothic organ from 1531, which is still largely in its original state.

Biessum (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈbisʏm]) is a hamlet in the Dutch province of Groningen. It is a part of the municipality of Eemsdelta, and lies about 25 km northeast of Groningen.It has about 35-50 inhabitants and has no village status. The postal authorities have placed it under Delfzijl. It is situated near the nature reserve (protected area) Biessumerbos in which many birds live.The hamlet was first mentioned in the 10th or 11th century as "in Bisashem", and means "settlement of Bisi". Biessum is a terp (artificial living hill) village with a star shape. It is one of the best preserved terps of Groningen.

Uitwierde (Dutch pronunciation: [œytˈʋiːrdə]; Gronings: Oetwier [udˈʋiːɾ]) is a village in the Dutch province of Groningen. It is a part of the municipality of Eemsdelta, and lies about 26 km northeast of Groningen.

Amsweer (Dutch pronunciation: [ɑmsˈʋeːr]) is a hamlet on a small wierde in the municipality of Eemsdelta in the province of Groningen in the Netherlands, just south of the Eemskanaal. There used to be a drinking water pond on the wierde that never dried up. There were three brick wells in that pond, which were called the zusterputten ('sister wells') or jufferputten ('damsel wells'). These wells provided drinking water, which was particularly welcome in dry summers when the water in the surrounding ditches began to salinize. Three single ladies who lived in a house together are said to have built the wells. There was a small school building near the wells around 1820. The wells were filled in in 1911. Despite its small size, Amsweer was a busy hamlet in the 19th century. There were carpentries, carriage factories, and glass-bending factories.The wierde is first mentioned as Omptsweer (1448) and Amptesweer (1449), perhaps in the meaning 'the mound of the office (here apparently: the Oosterambt of Fivelingo)'.The country estate or borg of Vliethoven is located about 2 kilometers north of Amsweer, in the Tuikwerd district. Due to the presence of the Eemskanaal, the country estate can only be reached from Amsweer via a long detour via Opwierde.

Delfzijl West (Dutch pronunciation: [dɛl(ə)fˌsɛil ˈʋɛst]) is a railway station located in Delfzijl, Netherlands. It is located on the Groningen–Delfzijl railway between Appingedam and Delfzijl. The station was opened on 1 June 1969. The train services are operated by Arriva.

The Groningen gas field is a natural gas field in Groningen province in the northeastern part of the Netherlands. With an estimated 2,740 billion cubic metres of recoverable natural gas it is the largest natural gas field in Europe and one of the largest in the world. The gas field was discovered in 1959 near Slochteren. The subsequent extraction of the natural gas became central to the energy supply in the Netherlands. Virtually all of the Netherlands was connected to Groningen gas in the following years. Revenue from natural gas production became important in the post-war development and construction of the Dutch welfare state. As of 2013, 2,057 billion cubic metres of natural gas had been extracted from the field.Gas extraction resulted in subsidence above the field. From 1991, this was also accompanied by earthquakes. This led to damage to houses and unrest among residents. It was decided to phase out gas extraction from 2014 onwards. The reinforcement operation and damage settlement as a result of the earthquakes are progressing slowly. The National Ombudsman called this a "national crisis" in 2021. In June 2023, the government announced that extraction from the field would cease by 1 October 2023. Approximately 450 billion cubic metres of gas are thought to remain in the field as of 2023.

Delfzijl (Dutch: [dɛl(ə)fˈsɛil] ; Gronings: Delfziel [dɛlfˈsil]) is a city and former municipality (which now belongs to the municipality of Eemsdelta) with a population of 25,651 in the province of Groningen in the northeast of the Netherlands. Delfzijl was a sluice between the Delf and the Ems, which became fortified settlement in the 16th century. The fortifications were removed in the late 19th century. Delfzijl is the fifth largest seaport in the Netherlands, and the largest port in the North East of the country.

Bierum (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈbiːrʏm]; Gronings: Baaierm [ˈbɑːiərm]) is a village in the Dutch province of Groningen. It is a part of the municipality of Eemsdelta, and lies about 27 km northeast of Groningen. Bierum was a separate municipality until 1990, when it was merged with Delfzijl.In 2017, the village of Bierum had 673 inhabitants. The built-up area of the village was 0.20 km², and contained 225 residences. The statistical area Bierum, which also includes the surrounding countryside, has a population of around 1,090 (not including the villages Spijk, Losdorp, Godlinze, Holwierde, and Krewerd).