Urbino

The Duchy of Urbino was an independent duchy in early modern central Italy, corresponding to the northern half of the modern region of Marche. It was directly annexed by the Papal States in 1625. It was bordered by the Adriatic Sea in the east, the Republic of Florence in the west and the Papal States in the south. In 1523 the capital was moved from Urbino to Pesaro. After the short rule by Cesare Borgia in 1502–08, the dukedom went to the della Rovere papal family, who held it until 1625, when Pope Urban VIII annexed it to the Papal States as Legazione del Ducato di Urbino (later Legazione di Urbino).

The University of Urbino Carlo Bo (Italian: Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, UniUrb) is an Italian university located in Urbino, a walled hill-town in the region of Marche, located in the north-eastern part of central Italy. The University was founded as Law school in 1506 by Guidobaldo da Montefeltro, Duke of Urbino, with the name of "Collegio dei Dottori" ("school of doctors", while in Italy doctor was - and is - a title attributed to anyone with a master's degree). Starting from the 1960s/70s, under the guidance of Carlo Bo as Rector and in the following years, the University succeeded in buying up numerous derelict buildings in the historic centre of the town (now a UNESCO World Heritage Site), there buildings which have since been restored and used as faculty, department and library buildings. While the student body and faculties gradually increased and developed over time, it was under the long-lasting rectorship of professor Carlo Bo, distinguished humanist and Senator for Life, that the University enjoyed unprecedented growth in size and prestige, prompting the former president of the European Commission, Roy Jenkins, to state that "the University of Urbino is an incisive presence in contemporary thought, contributing in original ways to the cultural and intellectual life of Europe". This was also the period in which architect Giancarlo De Carlo designed and built the University Halls of Residence and redesigned and modernised several of the university's other buildings. The University of Urbino currently has six departments and two institutes, over 14,000 students, many of whom are from overseas, about 800 teachers and 400 administrative staff members. Like already explained, the University occupies numerous buildings throughout the historic town centre of Urbino, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site as whole, and this its de facto Campus. The University also occupies buildings in the close countryside. The main accommodation blocks are situated at a quite short distance from the historic town center. Urbino has been a centre for culture and studies since the age of Federico da Montefeltro. The Law school was founded in 1506. Nowadays the University of Urbino is also renowned for teaching and research in Sports Science, Humanities, Biology and Computer science, and for the good reputation of its courses.

The Ducal Palace (Italian: Palazzo Ducale) is a Renaissance building in the Italian city of Urbino in the Marche. One of the most important monuments in Italy, it is listed as UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1998.

Urbino Cathedral (Italian: Duomo di Urbino, Cattedrale Metropolitana di Santa Maria Assunta) is a Catholic cathedral in the city of Urbino, Italy, dedicated to the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Since 1986 it has been the seat of the Archbishop of Urbino-Urbania-Sant'Angelo in Vado, and was previously the seat of the Archbishops of Urbino.

The Oratory of St John the Baptist (Oratorio di San Giovanni Battista) is a 14th-century small chapel or prayer hall located in Via Francesco Barocci, in Urbino, Region of the Marche, Italy. The oratory is best known for its late Gothic style fresco cycle (1416) by the brothers Lorenzo and Jacopo Salimbeni. The subjects include a Madonna dell’Umiltà and a Crucifixion, In addition the oratory has scenes from the life of John the Baptist such as: the Annunciation of Birth; his Baptism of Jesus, Career in Baptizing, and Sermons of St John.

The Archdiocese of Urbino–Urbania–Sant'Angelo in Vado (Latin: Archidioecesis Urbinatensis–Urbaniensis–Sancti Angeli in Vado) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in the Province of Pesaro and Urbino in the Marche region of central Italy. The current archbishop is Giovanni Tani, appointed in June 2011. It was previously a metropolitan see. Its cathedral is a minor basilica and World Heritage Site: Basilica Cattedrale di S. Maria Assunta, in Urbino. It has two co-cathedrals, both former cathedrals of absorbed diocese whose title was also adopted: another minor basilica, the Basilica Concattedrale di S. Michele Arcangelo, dedicated to the archangel Saint Michael, in Sant’Angelo in Vado, and the Concattedrale di S. Cristoforo Martire, dedicated to the protomartyr Saint Christopher, in Urbania.

The Accademia di Belle Arti di Urbino is an academy of fine arts located in Urbino, Marche. It was founded in 1967.

The Orto Botanico "Pierina Scaramella" (2,200 m2), also known as the Orto Botanico dell'Università di Urbino, is a botanical garden maintained by the University of Urbino, and located at via Bramante, 28, Urbino, Marche, Italy. the entrance fee is 1 euro. The garden was established in 1806 by Giovanni De Brignole. It was organized into: First terracing The botanical garden covers 2200 square meters and is divided into three inclined terraces along the side of the hill where the city of Urbino stands. First terrace: Hortus simplicium This area, completely renovated and modified in the early 1900s, is large and embellished, in the center, by a small tank with some aquatic species including: Nymphaea alba L., Menta aquatica L., Myriophyllum verticillatum L. , Eichhornia crassipes Solms. From this point you can admire the long and imposing three-ramp staircase leading to the main entrance of the garden and the greenhouse built in 1813 by De Brignoli and inside which all the plants that can not stand the winter cold and which only in summer they are located along the paths and flowerbeds in the garden. All the space is used for the cultivation and study of medicinal plants (the simple ones) arranged in thirteen flower beds, with boxwood border, and grouped according to the properties and therefore the use that derives from them (plants active on the skin, digestive system, on the cardio-circulatory, nervous, genitourinary, respiratory system, plants with purgative, antiparasitic and insecticidal action. A poster design helps the visitor to find out about the historical and scientific origins of the simple gardens and their importance, on the use of plants. present in every single flower bed in the medicinal application area. During the visit of this shelf, the visitor will also be able to admire some very fascinating arboreal specimens located on the perimeter edges of the garden: Ginkgo biloba L., Picea excelsa Link. and Cedrus deodara G. Don fil. Arboretum. Second terrace From the simple garden, some steps, flanked by two small basins, lead to the second shelf. On the right side there is an old wrought iron pump, the work of the craftsman Quinto Galvani (1849). The whole area has been divided since its origins into long and narrow rectangular flowerbeds that delimit many small paths. The arrangement of herbaceous and shrubby species, made according to the Linnean system, was then modified according to the needs of cultivation and local climatic conditions. Along the paths you can also admire some tall trees: Tilia heterophylla Vent., Gleditschia triacanthos L., Calliandra houstoni Benth. The last adjacent flower beds at the convent of S. Francesco, shady and damp, they host the ferns. Third terrace Another four steps lead to the last shelf of the garden, this system structured like the second. Here we find species belonging to various families and a Taxus baccata L. and an imposing Fagus sylvatica L. which date back to the time of the foundation of the garden. This last shelf ends with the surrounding wall in which, in the summer, a part of the collection of is placed fat plants. Arboretum To the right and behind the De Brignoli greenhouse, we find an area where you can admire several tall trees. Among these: the holm oak (Quercus ilex L.), The maple (Acer pseudo-platanus L.), The ailanthus (Ailanthus glandulosa Desf.), The cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.) and the ash (Fraxinus excelsior L. Small irregular flowerbeds welcome some undergrowth species. A large greenhouse was built in 1811, and in 1812 the garden's first catalog listed 2731 species. Today the garden contains medicinal and ornamental plants such as Ailanthus glandulosus, Sophora japonica, and Cycadaceae and Gymnospermae. Trees include Acer pseudo−platanus, Fagus silvatica, Fraxinus excelsior, Liriodendron tulipifera, Quercus ilex, and Taxus baccata.

Fermignano (Romagnol: Fermignèn) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pesaro e Urbino in the Italian region Marche, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) west of Ancona and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southwest of Pesaro. Renaissance architect Donato Bramante (1444-1514) was born here.

Acqualagna (Italian: [akkwaˈlaɲɲa]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pesaro e Urbino in the Italian region Marche, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) west of Ancona and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of Pesaro. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 4,304 and an area of 50.8 square kilometres (19.6 sq mi). It is one of the main centers in Italy for truffle. The Candigliano is joined by the Burano in the vicinity of the town. Acqualagna borders the following municipalities: Cagli, Fermignano, Urbania, Urbino.

The Burano is a river in the Umbria and Marche regions of Italy. Its source is in the province of Perugia in the Appennino Umbro-Marchigiano mountains. The river crosses the border into the province of Pesaro e Urbino and flows north near Monte Catria, Cantiano, Monte Nerone, and Cagli before entering the Candigliano at Acqualagna.

The Furlo Pass (Italian: Gola del Furlo or Passo del Furlo) is a gorge on the ancient Roman road Via Flaminia in the Marche region of central Italy, where it passes near the Candigliano river, a tributary of the Metauro. The gorge was formed between the Pietralata (889 m) and Paganuccio (976 m) mountains by the river Candigliano, which whooshed in full spate through the district until it was dammed in 1922. Since 2001 it has been included in a State Natural Reserve of the same name. It is often marketed to tourists in the region as the "Grand Canyon of Italy." The Roman emperor Vespasian had a tunnel built here to facilitate passage on the Via Flaminia at the narrowest point of the gorge (hence the name, from the Latina forulum, meaning "small hole"). Next to it is a similar but smaller tunnel dating from Etruscan times. The tunnel has a length of 38.30 meters and a height of 5.95 meters. During the Gothic Wars (6th century), the Ostrogoth King Totila had the pass fortified, but his troops were ousted by the Roman general Belisarius. The Lombards conquered the pass between 570 and 578, and destroyed the fortifications. In the following centuries Via Flaminia was nearly abandoned. In 1502 Lucrezia Borgia used it on a journey to Ferrara and in 1506 Julius II took the road on his way to Bologna. In the beginning of the 18th century the transit remained difficult and dangerous, and only in 1776 was the tunnel and the road re-opened. Between May 23 and June 12, 1849, soldiers of the Roman Republic, commanded by Colonel L. Pianciani, fought a skirmish in the pass with the Austrian army. During the Second World War, the Gorge experienced moments of tension, but it was not the scene of fierce clashes. The seventies saw increasing destruction of the natural beauty of the surrounding landscape, as well as the deterioration of the road, due to the intense activity in quarries located within the Gorge. In the 1930s, a profile of Benito Mussolini was sculpted on the slopes of Mount Pietralata by a local branch of the Guardia Forestale (State Forestry Corps), which was destroyed by partisans during World War II. In the 1980s, traffic in the Furlo tunnel was bypassed by the construction of two highway tunnels.