Saint-Denis-près-Martel station

Saint-Denis-lès-Martel (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ dəni lɛ maʁtɛl], literally Saint-Denis near Martel; Languedocien: Sent Daunís de Martèl) is a commune in the Lot department in south-western France.

Uxellodunum is an Iron Age hill fort, or oppidum, located above the river Dordogne near the modern-day French village of Vayrac in the Lot department. This stronghold lay within the lands of the Cadurci tribe. According to Aulus Hirtius in his addendum to Julius Caesar's Commentaries on the Gallic War, the last revolt against Rome's authority in Gaul occurred here, and was brutally punished. The Commentaries on the Gallic War describe Uxellodunum as being strongly fortified by its natural position, with a river dividing the valley below that almost surrounded the steep craggy mountain on which the citadel was built. The name apparently means "high fort"; "dun" is a Celtic word for fort, which is to be found in many place-names.

The siege of Uxellodunum was one of the last battles of the Gallic Wars. It took place in 51 BC at Uxellodunum. It was the last major military confrontation of the Gallic Wars and marked the pacification of Gaul under Roman rule. The battle resulted in a decisive Roman victory.

Floirac (French pronunciation: [flwaʁak]) is a commune in the Lot department (46) in south-western France.

Saint-Michel-de-Bannières (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ miʃɛl də banjɛʁ]; Occitan: Sent Miquèl L'Entendon) is a commune in the Lot department in south-western France. There is a twelfth-century church fortified during the later 15th century. The current mayor is Gaëligue Jos, elected in 2020. The population was 327 in 2021. 9% of the active population was unemployed in 2020.

Vayrac (French pronunciation: [vɛʁak]; Occitan: Vairac) is a commune in the Lot department in south-western France. The inhabitants of Vayrac are called the Vayracois.

Vayrac station (French: Gare de Vayrac) is a French closed train station on the ligne de Souillac à Viescamp-sous-Jallès, close to town in the Commune of Vayrac, in the departement of Lot, in the region of Occitanie. It was in service from 1891, for the Compagnie du chemin de fer de Paris à Orléans (PO). It took passengers from the Société nationale des chemins de fer français (SNCF), served until 2017 by trains of the TER Occitanie network.

Condat (Occitan: Condat) is a commune in the Lot department in south-western France.

La Chapelle-aux-Saints 1 ("The Old Man") is an almost-complete male Neanderthal skeleton discovered in La Chapelle-aux-Saints, France by A. and J. Bouyssonie, and L. Bardon in 1908. The individual was in his 60s-70s at the time of his death. He was in bad health, having lost most of his teeth and suffering from bone resorption in the mandible and advanced arthritis. It is the most convincing example of a possible Neanderthal deliberate burial, but like all claimed Neanderthal burials, it is considered controversial. The remains were first studied by Marcellin Boule, whose reconstruction of Neanderthal anatomy based on la Chapelle-aux-Saints material shaped popular perceptions of the Neanderthals for over thirty years. The La Chapelle-aux-Saints specimen is typical of "classic" Western European Neanderthal anatomy. It is estimated to be about 60,000 years old. Boule's reconstruction of La Chapelle-aux-Saints 1, published during 1911–1913, depicted Neanderthals with a thrust-forward skull, a spine without curvature, bent hips and knees and a divergent big toe. This depiction fitted in well with contemporary evolutionary scenarios in which Neanderthals were not considered to be direct ancestors of modern humans. In 1957, the remains were re-examined by Straus and Cave. These researchers depicted Neanderthal anatomy as being much more modern; in particular, their posture and gait was more or less identical to that of modern humans. Straus and Cave attributed Boule's errors to the severe osteoarthritis in the La Chapelle-aux-Saints Neanderthal, although physical anthropologist Erik Trinkaus has suggested that Boule's errors were primarily related to the fragmentary nature of the remains. This specimen had lost many of his teeth, with evidence of healing. All of the mandibular molars were absent and consequently, some researchers suggested that the 'Old Man' would have needed someone to process his food for him. This was widely cited as an example of Neanderthal altruism, similar to Shanidar 1. Later studies have shown that La Chapelle-aux-Saints 1 did have a number of incisors, canines and premolars in place and therefore would have been able to chew his own food, although perhaps with some difficulty.

Bétaille (French pronunciation: [betaj]; Occitan: Betalha) is a commune in the Lot department in southwestern France.

Carennac (French pronunciation: [kaʁɛnak]) is a commune in the Lot department in south-western France in the historical region of Quercy. The village lies in the fertile valley of the Dordogne under the arid plateau locally named 'le Causse'. Its landmarks include a medieval priory, combining an 11th-century church and cloister, and a 16th-century castle, in which the author of The Adventures of Telemachus, François Fénelon, lived from 1681 to 1685. The church features a tympanum, and the cloister a 15th-century "mise au tombeau".

La Chapelle-aux-Saints (French pronunciation: [la ʃapɛl o sɛ̃]; Occitan: La Chapela daus Sents) is a commune in the Corrèze department in central France.