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Rowley Hills

Hills of the West Midlands (county)Rowley RegisUse British English from August 2013West Midlands (county) geography stubs
Turner's Hill View geograph.org.uk 369654
Turner's Hill View geograph.org.uk 369654

The Rowley Hills are a range of hills in the West Midlands county in England. The range comprises Turner's Hill, Bury Hill, Portway Hill and Darby's Hill. The ridge forms part of the east/west watershed between the River Severn and the River Trent, with rainfall on the western side going to the Bristol Channel via the Severn, and rainfall on the eastern side ending up in the North Sea via the Trent. The hills are situated east of the town of Dudley in Rowley Regis, on the border between the metropolitan boroughs of Dudley and Sandwell. The largest hill, Turner's Hill, is the highest point in the West Midlands county, with an altitude of 269 metres (883 ft) above sea level. Views from the summit include the Clee Hills, Clent Hills, Cannock Chase, and much of Birmingham and the Black Country. The height has also led to the construction of two radio transmission towers on the summit. Portway Hill is the site of a nature reserve of the Wildlife Trust for Birmingham and the Black Country.Rowley Rag, a form of Dolerite notably used to make kerbstones, was formerly quarried from the Rowley Hills.Over the centuries that the hills have been inhabited there have been four churches located there, all named St. Giles, in the village of Rowley.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Rowley Hills (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Rowley Hills
Turners Hill, Sandwell

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Latitude Longitude
N 52.496388888889 ° E -2.05 °
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Turners Hill

Turners Hill
B65 9DP Sandwell
England, United Kingdom
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Turner's Hill View geograph.org.uk 369654
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Oakham, West Midlands

Oakham is an area of Dudley, England, situated on the peak of Turners Hill, the highest point in the West Midlands county. All of the area was historically in Dudley but in 1966 approximately half of it, including the Tividale Hall and Grace Mary housing estates, was incorporated into the county borough of Warley (centred on the former boroughs of Oldbury, Smethwick and Rowley Regis), which in turn merged with West Bromwich in 1974 to form Sandwell. It was a largely rural area until the 1930s, when private and council housing developments took place around City Road, including the Grace Mary Estate (council housing). The Tividale Hall Estate was developed for private housing from the mid-1930s, but construction was halted due to the war effort around 1940. Both of these estates were expanded after the end of World War II in 1945, including the extension of Regent Road to link up with Oakham Road. "Big Bertha", an anti-aircraft gun, was erected at the top of the hill near City Road when World War II broke out in 1939. Although this gun proved useful in eliminating enemy aircraft, it also became an enemy target. The Oakham area fell victim to most of Dudley's air raids by the German Luftwaffe on 19 November 1940. These damaged several houses in City Road on the Grace Mary Estate and resulted in 10 civilian deaths as well as many injuries.On 21 December 1940, a stray shell from the anti-aircraft gun fell down the chimney of the Boat Inn one mile away in Dudley Road East, Tividale, resulting in 13 deaths and dozens of injuries. On 12 August 1941, the Luftwaffe dropped a landmine several hundreds yards from the gun in Birch Crescent, demolishing a pair of new semi-detached houses and severely damaging several others, leaving four people dead and several others injured. The gun was dismantled after the war ended in 1945, but several traces of it remain more than 70 years later. Oakham's most famous resident was George Smith, known as the Dudley Hangman. He was born in nearby Rowley Regis in 1805. In 1840 he became assistant to the executioner William Calcraft before being appointed as executioner for Staffordshire in his own right. He became notorious for entertaining customers in Black Country pubs with gruesome stories of his work. There was a pub in Oakham, now demolished, called the 'Hangman's Tree' which was named in George Smith's honour. It was demolished in 2007. Oakham Primary School has served the Sandwell section of Oakham since 1939, and was originally known as City Road Infant and Junior Schools. It now has 420 places for pupils aged 5–11 as well as a nursery unit for a total of 60 children aged 3 or 4 years. Grace Mary Primary is another primary school in the area, having opened in April 1959.

Netherton Tunnel Branch Canal
Netherton Tunnel Branch Canal

Netherton Tunnel Branch Canal, in the West Midlands county, England, is part of the Birmingham Canal Navigations, (BCN). It was constructed at a 453–foot elevation, the Wednesbury or Birmingham level; it has no locks. The total length of the branch canal is 2.4 miles (3.9 km) and the canal tunnel is 9,081 feet (2,768 m) long. Netherton Tunnel was the last canal tunnel to be built in Britain during the Canal Age. The first sod was turned by the Lord Ward on 31 December 1855 and the canal opened on 20 August 1858, providing a waterway connection between the Black Country towns of Netherton and Tipton. It was built to relieve the bottleneck of the adjacent Dudley Tunnel which is very narrow, has alternating blocks of one-way working, and had waiting times of eight hours or more, and sometimes several days. The Netherton tunnel was built with a width of 27 feet (8.2 m) to allow two-way working of narrowboats; and is brick lined throughout. It has towpaths running through it, one on each side, which enabled horse-drawn narrowboats to be pulled through it. Chainage (distance) markers are still visible on the Eastern wall. The tunnel was fitted, from the start, with gas lighting over the towpaths, though this was later converted to electricity and it is now unlit. The air vents that run along the line of the tunnel and provide ventilation, and a shaft of light into the canal, are known by the locals as "pepper pots", because of their shape. They are brick-lined and the openings are covered by an iron frame or grill. The wide bore and good ventilation mean that boats using the tunnel today are allowed to use the power of their internal combustion engines, which is prohibited in the narrower Dudley Tunnel. The tunnel cost £302,000 as opposed to the £238,000 estimate prior to construction. The main reason for the project being overbudget was the extra works necessitated by the condition of the ground through which the tunnel passes.