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Clinton Engineer Works

1940s in Tennessee1942 establishments in TennesseeBuildings and structures in Anderson County, TennesseeBuildings and structures in Roane County, TennesseeGovernment buildings completed in 1943
History of the Manhattan ProjectIndustrial buildings and structures in TennesseeIndustrial buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in TennesseeManhattan Project sitesMilitary facilities on the National Register of Historic Places in TennesseeMilitary history of TennesseeMilitary installations in TennesseeNational Register of Historic Places in Anderson County, TennesseeNational Register of Historic Places in Roane County, TennesseeOak Ridge, TennesseeProtected areas of Anderson County, TennesseeUse American English from April 2015World War II on the National Register of Historic Places
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The Clinton Engineer Works (CEW) was the production installation of the Manhattan Project that during World War II produced the enriched uranium used in the 1945 bombing of Hiroshima, as well as the first examples of reactor-produced plutonium. It consisted of production facilities arranged at three major sites, various utilities including a power plant, and the town of Oak Ridge. It was in East Tennessee, about 18 miles (29 km) west of Knoxville, and was named after the town of Clinton, eight miles (13 km) to the north. The production facilities were mainly in Roane County, and the northern part of the site was in Anderson County. The Manhattan District Engineer, Kenneth Nichols, moved the Manhattan District headquarters from Manhattan to Oak Ridge in August 1943. During the war, Clinton's advanced research was managed for the government by the University of Chicago. Construction workers were housed in a community known as Happy Valley. Built by the Army Corps of Engineers in 1943, this temporary community housed 15,000 people. The township of Oak Ridge was established to house the production staff. The operating force peaked at 50,000 workers just after the end of the war. The construction labor force peaked at 75,000 and the combined employment peak was 80,000. The town was developed by the federal government as a segregated community; black residents lived only in an area known as Gamble Valley, in government-built "hutments" (one-room shacks) on the south side of what is now Tuskegee Drive.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Clinton Engineer Works (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Clinton Engineer Works
Oak Ridge Turnpike, Oak Ridge

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Wikipedia: Clinton Engineer WorksContinue reading on Wikipedia

Geographical coordinates (GPS)

Latitude Longitude
N 36.013333333333 ° E -84.2625 °
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Oak Ridge High School

Oak Ridge Turnpike 1450
37830 Oak Ridge
Tennessee, United States
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Phone number
Oak Ridge Schools

call+18654259601

Website
ortn.edu

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Robertsville, Tennessee

Robertsville was a farming community in Anderson County, Tennessee, that was disbanded in 1942 when the area was acquired for the Manhattan Project. Its site is now part of the city of Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Robertsville was established in 1804 by a merchant named Collins Roberts, who received a 4,000-acre (16 km2) land grant. The community was located on the Old Emory Coach Road, and a natural spring in Robertsville called Cross Spring was a rest stop where travelers on that road could water and rest their horses. During the 19th century, Robertsville was also the site of a slave block. During the Civil War, however, community residents generally supported the Union cause.Notable residents included Swiss-German immigrant Henry Sienknecht, a Confederate Army physician who practiced medicine in Robertsville for several decades after the Civil War, before moving in 1890 to Oliver Springs, where he operated a store.The community continued to exist until 1942, when the United States government acquired the land as a part of the Manhattan Project. The residents of Robertsville were displaced, along with the residents of several other communities. Robertsville is now in the residential and commercial portion of the city of Oak Ridge. The present Robertsville Middle School is located on the site of the old Robertsville High School, which was built in about 1915. The high school gymnasium was retained to become the middle school's gym. Collins Roberts is buried in the Robertsville Baptist Cemetery. In the 1930s Cross Spring was dammed by a local farmer to form a small lake that the Army Corps of Engineers lined with concrete during World War II to convert it to a large swimming pool. The site of the lake is still the location of Oak Ridge's unusually large outdoor municipal swimming pool.