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Sandsend Tunnel

Rail transport in North YorkshireRailway tunnels in EnglandTunnels completed in 1883Tunnels in North YorkshireUse British English from June 2017
Sandsend 2013 019
Sandsend 2013 019

Sandsend Tunnel is a tunnel on the former Whitby, Redcar and Middlesbrough Union Railway that was opened in 1883 and closed in 1958. The rail line that ran through it was originally intended to travel along the top of the cliffs, however some of the cliff fell into the sea whilst construction was suspended so the NER constructed two tunnels, the Sandsend Tunnel and the Kettleness Tunnel. The Sandsend Tunnel is the longer of two tunnels being 1,652 yards (0.94 miles) in length. It is predominantly straight but the north-western 300 yards incorporate a curve to the north. There are a total of five air shafts, two of which have nearby service galleries leading off horizontally to the cliffs which were used to dump spoil while carving out the tunnels, the air shafts were capped in 1958. The southern half of the tunnel is considerably damp with the tunnel being flooded to about 6 inches on the southern 300 yards. The southern portal of the Sandsend Tunnel is bricked up and it can only be accessed via the northern portal of the Kettleness Tunnel by walking through the Kettleness Tunnel and the area between the tunnels which is overgrown with grass and trees. The northern portal of the Sandsend Tunnel partially collapsed in 2008 after years of pressure from the cliff above.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Sandsend Tunnel (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Sandsend Tunnel
Goldsborough Lane,

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Wikipedia: Sandsend TunnelContinue reading on Wikipedia

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Latitude Longitude
N 54.523611111111 ° E -0.70361111111111 °
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Goldsborough Lane

Goldsborough Lane
YO21 3RX
England, United Kingdom
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Sandsend 2013 019
Sandsend 2013 019
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Sandsend Ness
Sandsend Ness

Sandsend Ness is an old alum quarrying site close to Whitby in North Yorkshire, England. Beneath extensive deposits of grey pyritic shale a thin band of sideritic mudstone is present at this site and there is a further 6 metres (20 ft) of almost non-bituminous shale beneath it. This geological configuration, along with its proximity to the port of Whitby, offered Sandsend near-ideal conditions for the rapidly expanding alum industry from the early 17th century onwards. So wide-scale and prolonged were these activities, that significant areas of the Yorkshire coast were permanently altered. The double sulphate of aluminium and either potassium or ammonia is commonly known as alum. This material was of great importance through to the late 19th century in leather tanning and in the wool dying industry. Even today it is still used in some places as a mordant (dye fixative). Fossils are present in large numbers in the deposits, including ammonites such as Hildoceras bifrons and Dactylioceras bifrons and also Ichthyosaur and Plesiosaur remains, though the latter are nowadays much less commonly found. In fact, the ammonite Hildoceras is named after an early Christian saint, the Abbess of Whitby St. Hild or Hilda (614–680). It was believed that such ammonite fossils were the snakes which had been miraculously turned into stone by St. Hilda. It was not unknown for local "artisans" to carve snakes' heads onto ammonites, and sell these "relics" as proof of the miracle. The coat of arms of nearby Whitby actually include three such 'snakestones'.