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National Assembly (France)

1958 establishments in FranceGovernment of FranceInfobox legislature with background colorNational Assembly (France)National lower houses
Logo de l'Assemblée nationale française
Logo de l'Assemblée nationale française

The National Assembly (French: Assemblée nationale; pronounced [asɑ̃ble nɑsjɔnal]) is the lower house of the bicameral French Parliament under the Fifth Republic, the upper house being the Senate (Sénat). The National Assembly's legislators are known as députés (French pronunciation: ​[depyˈte]; "delegate" or "envoy" in English; the word is an etymological cognate of the English word "deputy", which is the standard term for legislators in many parliamentary systems). There are 577 députés, each elected by a single-member constituency (at least one per department) through a two-round voting system. Thus, 289 seats are required for a majority. The President of the National Assembly, currently Richard Ferrand, presides over the body. The officeholder is usually a member of the largest party represented, assisted by vice presidents from across the represented political spectrum. The National Assembly's term is five years; however, the President of the Republic may dissolve the Assembly (thereby calling for new elections) unless it has been dissolved in the preceding twelve months. This measure has become rarer since the 2000 referendum reduced the presidential term from seven to five years: since 2002, the President of the Republic has always had a majority elected in the Assembly two months after the presidential election. It would accordingly be of little benefit to dissolve it. Due to the separation of powers, the President of the Republic may not take part in parliamentary debates. They can however address the Congress of the French Parliament, which meets at the Palace of Versailles, or have the address read by the presidents of both chambers of Parliament, with no subsequent debate. Following a tradition started by the first National Assembly during the French Revolution, the "left-wing" parties sit to the left as seen from the president's seat and the "right-wing" parties to the right; the seating arrangement thus directly indicates the left–right political spectrum as represented in the Assembly. The official seat of the National Assembly is the Palais Bourbon on the Rive Gauche of the Seine in the 7th arrondissement of Paris. The Assembly also uses other neighbouring buildings, including the Immeuble Chaban-Delmas on the Rue de l'Université. The National Assembly, as well as most institutions of importance in Paris, is guarded by Republican Guards.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article National Assembly (France) (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

National Assembly (France)
Quai d'Orsay, Paris Quartier des Invalides (Paris)

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N 48.862036 ° E 2.318593 °
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Assemblée nationale

Quai d'Orsay
75007 Paris, Quartier des Invalides (Paris)
Ile-de-France, France
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assemblee-nationale.fr

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General Planning Commission (France)
General Planning Commission (France)

The General Planning Commission (Commissariat général du Plan) was an advisory body reporting to the government of France. It was established by the Chairman of the French Provisional Government, Charles de Gaulle, on 3 January 1946.: 152 The General Planning Commission's first plan, the Modernization and Re-equipment Plan, was designed to spur economic reconstruction following World War II.: 38  Its aims were: (1) to develop national production and foreign trade, particularly in those fields where France is most favourably placed; (2) to increase productivity; (3) to ensure the full employment of manpower; (4) to raise the standard of living and to improve the environment and the conditions of national life.: 240  This plan is commonly known as the Monnet Plan after Jean Monnet, the chief advocate and first head of the General Planning Commission.: 98 In pursuit of its objectives, the General Planning Commission set production targets for 1950 according to the resources that were then expected to be available, starting with six crucial sectors: coal mining, steel, electricity, rail transport, cement, and farm machinery.: 247  Later oil, chemicals, fertilizers, synthetic fertilizers, synthetic fibres, shipbuilding and other sectors were added.: 38  The Commission's plan emphasized expansion, modernization, efficiency, and modern management practice.: 280  It set investment targets, and allocated investment funds.: 280  : 38 The plan’s process – focusing, prioritizing, and pointing the way – has been called "indicative planning" to differentiate it from highly directive and rigid Soviet style planning. : 29–32 The General Planning Commission continued to produce a multi-year plan for France until 2006 when it was succeeded by the Centre d’analyse stratégique. In 2013, France Stratégie took over from the Centre d'analyse stratégique.