place

Institut Néerlandais

1957 establishments in France2013 disestablishments in FranceCultural centersCultural venues in ParisDutch culture
European organization stubsNetherlands stubs
Paris 2014 Institut néerlandais 01
Paris 2014 Institut néerlandais 01

The Institut Néerlandais (1957–2013) was a non-profit institution in Paris devoted to the promotion of Dutch art and culture. One of the earliest foreign cultural centers in Paris, it was founded in 1957 by Frits Lugt. The Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the sole financier of the center announced its closure in 2013. It closed in December 2013. The owner of the building, another foundation started by Frits Lugt, adjoins and currently uses the building as a gallery for the collection of the Fondation Custodia.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Institut Néerlandais (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Institut Néerlandais
Rue de Lille, Paris Faubourg Saint-Germain (Paris)

Geographical coordinates (GPS) Address Phone number Website External links Nearby Places
placeShow on map

Wikipedia: Institut NéerlandaisContinue reading on Wikipedia

Geographical coordinates (GPS)

Latitude Longitude
N 48.8613 ° E 2.3197 °
placeShow on map

Address

Institut Néerlandais

Rue de Lille
75007 Paris, Faubourg Saint-Germain (Paris)
Ile-de-France, France
mapOpen on Google Maps

Phone number

call+33153591240

Website

linkVisit website

linkWikiData (Q2180254)
linkOpenStreetMap (65089499)

Paris 2014 Institut néerlandais 01
Paris 2014 Institut néerlandais 01
Share experience

Nearby Places

National Assembly (France)
National Assembly (France)

The National Assembly (French: Assemblée nationale; pronounced [asɑ̃ble nɑsjɔnal]) is the lower house of the bicameral French Parliament under the Fifth Republic, the upper house being the Senate (Sénat). The National Assembly's legislators are known as députés (French pronunciation: ​[depyˈte]; "delegate" or "envoy" in English; the word is an etymological cognate of the English word "deputy", which is the standard term for legislators in many parliamentary systems). There are 577 députés, each elected by a single-member constituency (at least one per department) through a two-round voting system. Thus, 289 seats are required for a majority. The President of the National Assembly, currently Richard Ferrand, presides over the body. The officeholder is usually a member of the largest party represented, assisted by vice presidents from across the represented political spectrum. The National Assembly's term is five years; however, the President of the Republic may dissolve the Assembly (thereby calling for new elections) unless it has been dissolved in the preceding twelve months. This measure has become rarer since the 2000 referendum reduced the presidential term from seven to five years: since 2002, the President of the Republic has always had a majority elected in the Assembly two months after the presidential election. It would accordingly be of little benefit to dissolve it. Due to the separation of powers, the President of the Republic may not take part in parliamentary debates. They can however address the Congress of the French Parliament, which meets at the Palace of Versailles, or have the address read by the presidents of both chambers of Parliament, with no subsequent debate. Following a tradition started by the first National Assembly during the French Revolution, the "left-wing" parties sit to the left as seen from the president's seat and the "right-wing" parties to the right; the seating arrangement thus directly indicates the left–right political spectrum as represented in the Assembly. The official seat of the National Assembly is the Palais Bourbon on the Rive Gauche of the Seine in the 7th arrondissement of Paris. The Assembly also uses other neighbouring buildings, including the Immeuble Chaban-Delmas on the Rue de l'Université. The National Assembly, as well as most institutions of importance in Paris, is guarded by Republican Guards.

National Assembly bombing
National Assembly bombing

The National Assembly bombing was a bomb attack carried out on 9 December 1893 in Paris by the anarchist militant Auguste Vaillant. Acting in reaction to other events of the Ère des attentats, literally, "Era of Attacks", (1892–1894), such as the execution of Ravachol, the militant carefully prepared a bomb and managed to enter the galleries of the French National Assembly. He then threw it towards the deputies but was hindered by the arm of another spectator, which caused his attempt to fail. The bomb exploded, killing no one but slightly injuring several people – including Vaillant himself. The session at the National Assembly continued without interruption after the attack, while Vaillant was arrested later that day. Although the attack was a failure, it illustrated the opposition of anarchists to the French Republic and triggered two kinds of developments. On the one hand, the political authorities used it to push for the rapid adoption of the first two lois scélérates ('villainous laws') in December 1893. The first targeted press freedom, creating the category of incitement to terrorism and undermining the presumption of innocence. The second concerned criminal associations, making any terrorist project punishable, even if the act was not committed. On the other hand, the passing of the lois scélérates and the execution of Vaillant only heightened tensions during this period, pushing Émile Henry and Désiré Pauwels to commit their attacks in revenge – since Vaillant had become a martyr among anarchists. French President Sadi Carnot, who refused to grant his pardon to Vaillant, was assassinated a few months later. The French press, particularly Le Petit Journal, seized upon the affair to delegitimize the actions of the anarchist and reinforce the republican narrative of the events. This bombing, along with other attacks during the Era of Attacks, marked an early shift in terrorist strategy: instead of targeting specific individuals, it focused on symbolic locations—in this case, the National Assembly as a stand-in for a precise human target. This shift became a hallmark of modern terrorism but was poorly understood by contemporaries.