Zúñiga, Navarre

Orbiso is a village situated the region of the Montaña Alavesa which allows for traversing from the valley of Campezo/Kanpezu to the valley of Arana, both in Álava, and at last to the Cordillera de Santiago Lózquiz in Navarra. This small town is 43 km far from Vitoria-Gasteiz and 28 km from Estella, and the way to get there is first taking the A-132 highway and then the A-4161. In the propinquity of Orbiso merges Cruz de Alda, the Istora’s Cliff, the park of Santa Lucía and the Franciscanos de San Julián de Piédrola’s convent. Related to the vegetation, Orbiso’s mountains are covered by holm oaks, oaks and arbutus, where a lot of wild animals live. There also are a lot of walnut trees, chestnuts and cherry trees. The economy of this village is based on the agricultural exploitation because of its dry and irrigated lands. Orbiso’s local government it’s the council of Campezo, formed by Santa Cruz/Santikurutze, Oteo, Bujanda, Antoñana and Orbiso.

Lana is a town and municipality located in the province and autonomous community of Navarre, northern Spain with a population of 197 people.

Harana (Basque pronunciation: [aɾana]) or Valle de Arana (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈbaʝe ðe aˈɾana]) is a municipality located in the province of Álava, in the Basque Country, northern Spain. Its capital is the village of Alda.

Alda (Basque pronunciation: [alda], Spanish pronunciation: [ˈalda]) is a hamlet and concejo located in the municipality of Harana/Valle de Arana, in Álava province, Basque Country, Spain. It is the capital of the municipality.

Ullíbarri-Arana (Spanish pronunciation: [uˈʝiβarjaˈɾana]) or Uribarri Harana (Basque pronunciation: [uɾiβari aɾana]) is a hamlet and concejo located in the municipality of Harana/Valle de Arana, in Álava province, Basque Country, Spain.

Kontrasta (Basque pronunciation: [kontras̺ta], Spanish: Contrasta [kon'tɾasta]) is a hamlet and concejo located in the municipality of Harana/Valle de Arana, in Álava province, Basque Country, Spain.

Oteo is a hamlet and concejo in the municipality of Campezo/Kanpezu, in Álava province, Basque Country, Spain.

Kanpezu in Basque or Campezo in Spanish is a municipality located in the province of Álava, in the Basque Country, northern Spain. The municipality lies on the western side of the Codés mountain range.

Nazar is a town and municipality located in the province and autonomous community of Navarre, northern Spain. This town is close to the Codés mountain range, part of which falls within its municipal term.

San Vicente de Arana (Spanish pronunciation: [sam biˈθente ðe aˈɾana]) or Done Bikendi Harana (Basque pronunciation: [done βikendi aɾana]) is a hamlet and concejo located in the municipality of Harana/Valle de Arana, in Álava province, Basque Country, Spain.

The Battle of Mendaza was an early battle of the First Carlist War, occurring on December 12, 1834, at Mendaza, Navarre. The Carlists had enjoyed a victory in the Battle of Venta de Echavarri in October and also the fruits of a raid on Navarre, in which Tomás de Zumalacárregui would station himself at La Berrueza with a number of supplies, clothes, money, and new troops. The morale of the Carlists was very high, and they decided to fight the Liberal troops in a formal battle (rather than with guerrilla tactics). This would happen on December 14, 1834, at the Battle of Mendaza. Tomás de Zumalacárregui concentrated his forces at the bottom of the valley of La Berrueza between Mendaza and Asarta. Luis Fernández de Córdova's forces were stationed outside of this valley, at Los Arcos. Zumalacárregui attempted to follow a plan of battle similar to that enacted by Hannibal at Cannae: he would allow enemy forces to drive themselves into a large arc — whereupon the Carlist infantry, positioned on the flanks in the forests of Holm oaks on the mountain of Dos Hermanas, would encircle the main body of Liberal infantry and destroy it. However, the Liberal leader of the vanguard, Marcelino Oráa, himself a Navarrese and familiar with the terrain, recognized the potential trap and instead marched towards Mendaza rather than through the valley itself. The Carlists, surprised by this maneuver and inexperienced on the field of battle, were thrown back and retreated, taking refuge in the mountains.

The Codés Range (Kodesko mendilerroa in Basque and Sierra de Codés in Spanish) is a mountain range of western Navarre, Spain, part of the Basque Mountains. Its highest point is the 1,418-metre-high Ioar, located between Santa Cruz de Campezo and Aguilar de Codés. The Codés Range is the westernmost mountain range in Navarre, located right at the limit of Álava Province. The Santuario de Nuestra Señora de Codés is located in this mountain range, within the Torralba del Río municipal term.Together with the neighboring Andia and Urbasa ranges further north, Codés summits are usually covered in snow in the winter.