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St. Charles Historic District

Geography of St. Charles County, MissouriGreek Revival architecture in MissouriHistoric districts on the National Register of Historic Places in MissouriItalianate architecture in MissouriNRHP infobox with nocat
National Register of Historic Places in St. Charles County, MissouriSt. Louis Area, Missouri Registered Historic Place stubsUse mdy dates from August 2023Victorian architecture in Missouri
1st Capitol St Charles MO
1st Capitol St Charles MO

The St. Charles Historic District is a national historic district located at St. Charles, St. Charles County, Missouri. It is the site of the first permanent European settlement on the Missouri River and of the embarkation of Lewis and Clark's journey of exploration along the Missouri. The first state capital of Missouri and over one hundred other historic buildings are located in the district.The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1970, including 63 contributing buildings over a 47-acre (19 ha) area. The district was later increased three times.The original listing included the separately NRHP-listed First Missouri State Capitol Buildings and the Newbill-McElhiney House. In 1987 the district was increased to include a Greek Revival specialty store building at 1000 S. Main Street, with a 1.3-acre (0.53 ha) area. In 1991 the district was increased by 3.1 acres (1.3 ha) to include 13 more contributing buildings, including work by architects William D. Parsons and H.C. Bode. This included the St. Charles Odd Fellows Hall, the Old City Hall, a post office, and other buildings in Late 19th and 20th Century Revivals, Greek Revival, and Late Victorian architectural styles.In 1996 the district was further increased by 9 acres (3.6 ha) to include 41 more contributing buildings on the 100, 200, and 300 blocks of N. Main Street. These include Greek Revival, Italianate, and Late 19th and 20th Century Revivals architecture, including work by architects Albert B. Groves and Frank & Adolph Haverkamp.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article St. Charles Historic District (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

St. Charles Historic District
South Main Street, Saint Charles

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Latitude Longitude
N 38.77904 ° E -90.48253 °
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Address

South Main Street 329
63301 Saint Charles
Missouri, United States
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1st Capitol St Charles MO
1st Capitol St Charles MO
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Far West (steamship)
Far West (steamship)

Far West was a shallow draft sternwheel steamboat (or riverboat) plying the upper Missouri and Yellowstone Rivers in the Dakota and Montana Territories, in the years from 1870 to 1883. By being involved in historic events in the Indian Wars of the western frontier, the Far West became an iconic symbol of the shallow draft steamboat plying the upper Missouri and Yellowstone Rivers in the era before railroads dominated transport in these areas. The Far West was light, strong and speedy. She was initially owned by the Coulson Packet Line who contracted with the Army in the 1870s to provide steamboats to support Army expeditions on the Yellowstone River in the Montana Territory. The Far West was used in this capacity, along with its sister riverboat the Josephine. The Far West was often piloted by the famous river boat captain and pilot, Grant Marsh. The Far West was known as a fast boat because she had powerful engines, a hull with limited water resistance, and a low profile that reduced wind resistance. She set a number of speed records for both upstream and downstream travel on the Missouri and the Yellowstone. By virtue of her shallow draft and her ability to "grasshopper" over sand bars (using spars and steam capstans on the front of the boat to lift the boat and swing it forward a few feet at a time) she was famous for being able to get through shallow channels and low water conditions on the Yellowstone and Missouri Rivers that turned back other steamboats. Far West gained a place in military and steamboat history during the Great Sioux War of 1876. The Far West was under contract to support a military column of infantry and cavalry units under General Alfred Terry, Colonel John Gibbon and Lt. Colonel George Armstrong Custer. The column was advancing up the Yellowstone, seeking a large Sioux and Cheyenne encampment which was moving along the river drainages to the south. The Far West brought supplies to the column, and it was used by Terry as a headquarters and also to ferry and move troops on the river. On June 21, the Far West was moored on the Yellowstone at the mouth of Rosebud Creek and was the site of the fateful meeting of officers after which Custer and the 7th Cavalry was dispatched south up the Rosebud seeking the Indian encampment. On June 25, 1876, the 7th Cavalry under Custer suffered a disastrous defeat at the Battle of the Little Bighorn . Five of the companies of the 7th were annihilated along with Custer, and the remaining companies suffering significant numbers of dead and wounded. Far West made her way from the Yellowstone up the Bighorn River to the mouth of the Little Bighorn where she was loaded with the wounded from the battle. Traveling night and day, she returned downriver to Bismarck, Dakota Territory, making the 710 mi (1,140 km) run in the record time of 54 hours and bringing the first news of the military defeat which came to be popularly known as the "Custer Massacre". After 1876 Far West was sold by the Coulson Packet Line. She continued to work on the Yellowstone and the Missouri Rivers for other owners until 1883 when she struck a snag and sank, near St. Charles, Missouri.