Battle of Tuthill

Caernarfon (; Welsh: [kaɨrˈnarvɔn] (listen)) is a royal town, community and port in Gwynedd, Wales, with a population of 9,852 (with Caeathro). It lies along the A487 road, on the eastern shore of the Menai Strait, opposite the Isle of Anglesey. The city of Bangor is 8.6 miles (13.8 km) to the north-east, while Snowdonia fringes Caernarfon to the east and south-east. Carnarvon and Caernarvon are Anglicised spellings that were superseded in 1926 and 1974 respectively. Abundant natural resources in and around the Menai Strait enabled human habitation in prehistoric Britain. The Ordovices, a Celtic tribe, lived in the region during the period known as Roman Britain. The Roman fort Segontium was established around AD 80 to subjugate the Ordovices during the Roman conquest of Britain. The Romans occupied the region until the end of Roman rule in Britain in 382, after which Caernarfon became part of the Kingdom of Gwynedd. In the late 11th century, William the Conqueror ordered the construction of a motte-and-bailey castle at Caernarfon as part of the Norman invasion of Wales. He was unsuccessful, and Wales remained independent until around 1283. In the 13th century, Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, ruler of Gwynedd, refused to pay homage to Edward I of England, prompting the English conquest of Gwynedd. This was followed by the construction of Caernarfon Castle, one of the largest and most imposing fortifications built by the English in Wales. In 1284, the English-style county of Caernarfonshire was established by the Statute of Rhuddlan; the same year, Caernarfon was made a borough, a county and market town, and the seat of English government in north Wales.The ascent of the House of Tudor to the throne of England eased hostilities with the English and resulted in Caernarfon Castle falling into a state of disrepair. The town has flourished, leading to its status as a major tourist centre and seat of Gwynedd Council, with a thriving harbour and marina. Caernarfon has expanded beyond its medieval walls and experienced heavy suburbanisation. The community of Caernarfon's population includes the highest percentage of Welsh-speaking citizens anywhere in Wales. The status of Royal Borough was granted by Queen Elizabeth II in 1963 and amended to Royal Town in 1974. The castle and town walls are part of a World Heritage Site described as the Castles and Town Walls of King Edward in Gwynedd.

Caernarfon Barracks is a military installation in Caernarfon, Wales.

Caernarfon Station is the northern terminus of the narrow gauge Welsh Highland Railway, located in the town of Caernarfon. It was opened on 11 October 1997 when the line was constructed from Dinas.

Caernarfon's town walls are a medieval defensive structure around the town of Caernarfon in North Wales. The walls were constructed between 1283 and 1292 after the foundation of Caernarfon by Edward I, alongside the adjacent castle. The walls are 734 m (2,408 ft) long and include eight towers and two medieval gatehouses. The project was completed using large numbers of labourers brought in from England; the cost of building the walls came to around £3,500, a large sum for the period. The walls were significantly damaged during the rebellion of Madog ap Llywelyn in 1294, and had to be repaired at considerable expense. Political changes in the 16th century reduced the need to maintain such defences around the town. Today the walls form part of the UNESCO world heritage site administered by Cadw. Archaeologists Oliver Creighton and Robert Higham describe the defences as "a remarkably intact walled circuit".

Caernarvon railway station was a station on the former Bangor and Carnarvon Railway between Caernarfon, Gwynedd and Menai Suspension Bridge near Bangor. The station was closed to all traffic in January 1972. The station has since been demolished and the site redeveloped.

Segontium (Old Welsh: Cair Segeint) is a Roman fort on the outskirts of Caernarfon in Gwynedd, North Wales. The fort, which survived until the end of the Roman occupation of Britain, was garrisoned by Roman auxiliaries from present-day Belgium and Germany. It was the most important military base and administrative centre in this part of Britain.

The Llŷn Coastal Path is a waymarked 146-kilometre (91 mi) long-distance footpath running along the coast of the Llŷn Peninsula from Caernarfon to Porthmadog in Gwynedd, north-west Wales. A large part of the Llŷn Peninsula is designated an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.Devised and implemented by Gwynedd County Council and the Countryside Council for Wales, the path opened in 2006, though it has since been changed and improved. This work is continuing as part of the path's integration into the Wales Coast Path, an 870-mile (1,400 km) long-distance walking route around the whole coast of Wales from Chepstow to Queensferry.

Lôn Eifion is part of Lôn Las Cymru, the Welsh National Cycle Route, which is about 400 km (250 mi) long. Lôn Eifion is the section which runs for 20 km (12 mi) from Caernarfon to Bryncir along most of the former Caernarfon to Afon Wen line. This line was that of the Carnarvonshire Railway (later LNWR and London, Midland and Scottish Railway), and joined with the Cambrian Coast Line at Afon Wen. Running alongside for part of the way is the trackbed of the old Nantlle Tramway, along which horse-drawn trams carried slates from the quarries in the Nantlle Valley to the port at Caernarfon from where they were exported. From Caernarfon to Llanwnda Station the Lôn Eifion runs alongside that of the Welsh Highland Railway. At the Llanwnda station the Lon Eifion continues south over Glanrhyd to the A487/A499 Pwheli/Porthmadog roundabout, which prior to the Penygroes bypass, was the site of the old Llanwnda Rail Station on the Carnarvonshire Railway. Crossing the roundabout you join the Llanwnda - Groeslon section of the route Lon Eifion, passing on your right the railway cottages built to serve the railway station. The route continues alongside the A487 before passing underneath the road bridge at Afon Llifon before continuing to the village of Groeslon. Crossing the road at the Tafarn Pennionyn the Lon Eifion continues on the East side of the A487 until crossing over again via a foot bridge. Once over the foot bridge the Lon Eifon cuts through woodland heading due South, passing the rear of Inigo Jones Slate Works and further on to open field land with views to the West of Pontllyfni and Aberdasach and The Rivals until reaching another footbridge at the end of Clynogg Road and continuing down to the roundabout of A487/B4418. Continuing south the Lon Eifion continues to closely follow the A487 until vearing away and more South Westerly at Nebo. It continues on a much quieter and greener route along the old railway line through trees and farm land down to Bryncir.At Bryncir the cycle route deviates from the old railway line and heads westerly and steeply upward through a farm and on to single track road before heading south again into Cricceith.

Carnarvon Castle railway station was opened in 1856 by the narrow gauge Nantlle Railway near the foot of what is today the Allt Y Castell which slopes down to Caernarfon's harbour area. It was the line's northern terminus and was the closest of Caernarfon's ultimately five stations to the historic town centre.

The Caernarfon Criminal Justice Centre is a Crown Court venue, which deals with criminal cases, in Llanberis Road, Caernarfon, Wales.

The Oval is a multi-use stadium in Caernarfon, Wales. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of Caernarfon Town F.C. The stadium holds 3,000 people, with 600 seats.The previous seating for the Hendre End of the ground was purchased from Shrewsbury Town when they became surplus to requirements due to the demolition of Gay Meadow. They have since been removed and replaced with yellow and green seats funded by the Football Trust.

The Black Boy Inn (or just Black Boy) is a hotel and public house in the Royal Town of Caernarfon in Gwynedd, Wales which is thought to date back to 1522, making it one of the oldest surviving inns in North Wales. It is within the medieval walls of Caernarfon, a few hundred yards from Caernarfon Castle.