Moitas Venda

The Cave of Aroeira is an archaeological and paleoanthropological site in the Portuguese Estremadura Limestone Massif. The cave is located in the village of Almonda, in the civil parish of Zibreira, in the municipality of Torres Novas in the district of Santarém. The cave contained stones from the Paleolithic Acheulean culture, and the skull of Homo heidelbergensis, circa 400,000 years old. The discovery of Aroeira 3 was announced in spring 2017 - the earliest human trace in Portugal.

Almonda is a Portuguese village of around 300 inhabitants in the civil parish of Zibreira, within the municipality of Torres Novas and the Santarém District. The village was named after the river Almonda, whose source is located nearby. Almonda is noted for the Aroeira cave (possibly the largest cave in the country) in the Karst limestone landscape, where the 400,000 year old Aroeira 3 skull of a Homo Heidelbergensis was discovered in 2014. It is the oldest trace of human history in Portugal.The local conditions of Karstic limestone topography and abundance of water provided the possibility of obtaining energy, and thus, in 1818, Domingos Ardisson established the Renova paper factory. The company is an important commercial engine of the Torres Novas region, and well-known both nationally and internationally. Although the company has expanded, the "old factory" continues to function.

Aroeira 3 is a 400,000 year old Homo heidelbergensis hominid skull which was discovered in the Aroeira cave, Portugal. It is the earliest human trace in Portugal. H. heidelbergensis existed at the transition between Homo erectus and early Neanderthals and used both stone tools and fire. The skull was damaged during the 2014 excavation but was restored in the following two years. In 2017 the description of the skull was published in PNAS. It is on display in the National Archaeology Museum (Lisbon).

Zibreira is a civil parish in Portugal, located within the municipality of Torres Novas, in the Santarém District. It is noted for the Aroeria cave, where the Aroeira 3 skull of a 400,000 year old Homo Heidelbergensis was found, being the oldest trace of human history in Portugal. As of 2011, there are 1,028 inhabitants living within the 10.49 km2 (4.05 sq mi) parish, giving it a population density of around 98 people per sq kilometer (254 people per sq mile)

Bugalhos is a civil parish in the municipality of Alcanena, Portugal. The population in 2011 was 1,084.

The Moinhos Velhos Cave (Portuguese: Gruta de Moinhos Velhos), is one of the most important cave systems known in the Portuguese Estremadura Limestone Massif, with about 9 km in extension. It is characterized by the existence of two fóssil paragenetic main conduits of about one decametre in diameter with dendritic tributaries, and a set of semi-active passages in a dendritic pattern at the north and angulate at the south. The fossil zone has a drop of 100 metres and the thickness of intermediate zone varies from 80 metres upstream to 60 metres downstream. Water flows in syngenetic galleries, from the northern to the southern quadrant, towards Gruta da Pena spring. It's possible to distinguish four genetic phases in the cave system development. The first one is represented by superficial phreatic galleries of small diameter, the second one by the Galeria Gémea paragenetic main conduit, the third one by the Galeria Grande and his tributaries and the last one by the active and semi-active galleries of the lower cave levels. This cave is inhabited by several endemic trogobionts: the ground-beetle Trechus lunai, the cave spider Nesticus lusitanicus and by several stygobionts, being the isopod Proaellus lusitanicus the most abundant.

Mira de Aire (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈmiɾɐ ðɨ ˈajɾɨ]) is a small town in Porto de Mós Municipality, in the district of Leiria, Portugal. The population in 2011 was 3,775, in an area of 15.62 km².A point of interest is the Natural Park of Serra de Aire e Candeeiros. The area is known for its caves that attract many tourists. Mira de Aire is located about an hour from Portugal's capital Lisbon.

Pegadas de Dinossáurios da Serra de Aire Natural Monument is a natural monument in the Serras de Aire e Candeeiros Natural Park, Portugal, known for its sauropod tracks. It has the single longest known sauropod track in the world (147 m (482 ft) long). It is part of the Calcários Micríticos formation. It has around 20 different trails, all of which are part of a large limestone slab preserved for over 175 million years.

The Estremadura Limestone Massif (Portuguese: Maciço Calcário Estremenho) is a massif located in central west Portugal. Approximately half of the massif is located within the Serras de Aire e Candeeiros Natural Park. The massif has an elongated NE-SW direction and englobes the municipalities of Batalha and Ourém in the north and northeast; Torres Novas and Alcanena in the east and southeast; Rio Maior in the south; and Alcobaça in the west.

The Castle of Torres Novas (Portuguese: Castelo de Torres Novas) is a medieval castle in the civil parish of Torres Novas (São Pedro), Lapas e Ribeira Branca, municipality of Torres Novas, Portuguese district of Santarém.It is classified as a National Monument.

Alvados e Alcaria (officially União das Freguesias de Alvados e Alcaria) is a civil parish in the municipality of Porto de Mós, Portugal. The population in 2021 was 731, in an area of 24.45 km2. It was the result of two freguesias joining on 28 January 2013; Alvados and Alcaria.

Alvados is a former civil parish in the municipality of Porto de Mós, Portugal. The population in 2011 was 497, in an area of 10.3 km2. On 28 January 2013 it merged with Alcaria to form Alvados e Alcaria. It's known for its grottoes Grutas de Alvados and Grutas de Santo António (discovered in 1964 and 1955 respectively).